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For: Papadopetraki A, Giannopoulos A, Maridaki M, Zagouri F, Droufakou S, Koutsilieris M, Philippou A. The Role of Exercise in Cancer-Related Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity. Cancers (Basel) 2023;15:5856. [PMID: 38136400 PMCID: PMC10741686 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open

For:	Papadopetraki A, Giannopoulos A, Maridaki M, Zagouri F, Droufakou S, Koutsilieris M, Philippou A. The Role of Exercise in Cancer-Related Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity. Cancers (Basel) 2023;15:5856. [PMID: 38136400 PMCID: PMC10741686 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Izquierdo M, de Souto Barreto P, Arai H, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Cadore EL, Cesari M, Chen LK, Coen PM, Courneya KS, Duque G, Ferrucci L, Fielding RA, García-Hermoso A, Gutiérrez-Robledo LM, Harridge SDR, Kirk B, Kritchevsky S, Landi F, Lazarus N, Liu-Ambrose T, Marzetti E, Merchant RA, Morley JE, Pitkälä KH, Ramírez-Vélez R, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Rolland Y, Ruiz JG, Sáez de Asteasu ML, Villareal DT, Waters DL, Won Won C, Vellas B, Fiatarone Singh MA. Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR). J Nutr Health Aging 2024:100401. [PMID: 39743381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]

Abstract

Aging, a universal and inevitable process, is characterized by a progressive accumulation of physiological alterations and functional decline over time, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases and ultimately mortality as age advances. Lifestyle factors, notably physical activity (PA) and exercise, significantly modulate aging phenotypes. Physical activity and exercise can prevent or ameliorate lifestyle-related diseases, extend health span, enhance physical function, and reduce the burden of non-communicable chronic diseases including cardiometabolic disease, cancer, musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, and chronic respiratory diseases as well as premature mortality. Physical activity influences the cellular and molecular drivers of biological aging, slowing aging rates-a foundational aspect of geroscience. Thus, PA serves both as preventive medicine and therapeutic agent in pathological states. Sub-optimal PA levels correlate with increased disease prevalence in aging populations. Structured exercise prescriptions should therefore be customized and monitored like any other medical treatment, considering the dose-response relationships and specific adaptations necessary for intended outcomes. Current guidelines recommend a multifaceted exercise regimen that includes aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training through structured and incidental (integrated lifestyle) activities. Tailored exercise programs have proven effective in helping older adults maintain their functional capacities, extending their health span, and enhancing their quality of life. Particularly important are anabolic exercises, such as Progressive resistance training (PRT), which are indispensable for maintaining or improving functional capacity in older adults, particularly those with frailty, sarcopenia or osteoporosis, or those hospitalized or in residential aged care. Multicomponent exercise interventions that include cognitive tasks significantly enhance the hallmarks of frailty (low body mass, strength, mobility, PA level, and energy) and cognitive function, thus preventing falls and optimizing functional capacity during aging. Importantly, PA/exercise displays dose-response characteristics and varies between individuals, necessitating personalized modalities tailored to specific medical conditions. Precision in exercise prescriptions remains a significant area of further research, given the global impact of aging and broad effects of PA. Economic analyses underscore the cost benefits of exercise programs, justifying broader integration into health care for older adults. However, despite these benefits, exercise is far from fully integrated into medical practice for older people. Many healthcare professionals, including geriatricians, need more training to incorporate exercise directly into patient care, whether in settings including hospitals, outpatient clinics, or residential care. Education about the use of exercise as isolated or adjunctive treatment for geriatric syndromes and chronic diseases would do much to ease the problems of polypharmacy and widespread prescription of potentially inappropriate medications. This intersection of prescriptive practices and PA/exercise offers a promising approach to enhance the well-being of older adults. An integrated strategy that combines exercise prescriptions with pharmacotherapy would optimize the vitality and functional independence of older people whilst minimizing adverse drug reactions. This consensus provides the rationale for the integration of PA into health promotion, disease prevention, and management strategies for older adults. Guidelines are included for specific modalities and dosages of exercise with proven efficacy in randomized controlled trials. Descriptions of the beneficial physiological changes, attenuation of aging phenotypes, and role of exercise in chronic disease and disability management in older adults are provided. The use of exercise in cardiometabolic disease, cancer, musculoskeletal conditions, frailty, sarcopenia, and neuropsychological health is emphasized. Recommendations to bridge existing knowledge and implementation gaps and fully integrate PA into the mainstream of geriatric care are provided. Particular attention is paid to the need for personalized medicine as it applies to exercise and geroscience, given the inter-individual variability in adaptation to exercise demonstrated in older adult cohorts. Overall, this consensus provides a foundation for applying and extending the current knowledge base of exercise as medicine for an aging population to optimize health span and quality of life.

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Affiliation(s)

Mikel Izquierdo Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.
Philipe de Souto Barreto IHU HealthAge, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; CERPOP, UPS/Inserm 1295, Toulouse, France
Hidenori Arai National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, Research Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Eduardo L Cadore Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Matteo Cesari Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Liang-Kung Chen Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei Municipal Gab-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Paul M Coen AdventHealth Orlando, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States
Kerry S Courneya Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H9, Canada
Gustavo Duque Bone, Muscle & Geroscience Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
Luigi Ferrucci National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
Roger A Fielding Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, United States
Antonio García-Hermoso Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
Stephen D R Harridge Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
Ben Kirk Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, St. Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Stephen Kritchevsky Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
Francesco Landi Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Norman Lazarus Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
Teresa Liu-Ambrose Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute,Vancouver, BC, Canada
Emanuele Marzetti Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Reshma A Merchant Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
John E Morley Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
Kaisu H Pitkälä University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 20, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Service, University Hospital of Getafe, Getafe, Spain
Yves Rolland IHU HealthAge, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; CERPOP, UPS/Inserm 1295, Toulouse, France
Jorge G Ruiz Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, Florida and Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida, United States
Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
Dennis T Villareal Baylor College of Medicine, and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States
Debra L Waters Department of Medicine, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, Mexico
Chang Won Won Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Bruno Vellas IHU HealthAge, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; CERPOP, UPS/Inserm 1295, Toulouse, France
Maria A Fiatarone Singh Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, and Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Roslindale, MA, United States

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Haruna K, Minami S, Miyoshi N, Fujino S, Mizumoto R, Toyoda Y, Hayashi R, Kato S, Takeda M, Sekido Y, Hata T, Hamabe A, Ogino T, Takahashi H, Uemura M, Yamamoto H, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Examination of Sarcopenia with Obesity as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Using the Psoas Muscle Mass Index. Cancers (Basel) 2024;16:3429. [PMID: 39410049 PMCID: PMC11482590 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16193429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open

Affiliation(s)

Kengo Haruna Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Soichiro Minami Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Norikatsu Miyoshi Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Shiki Fujino Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Rie Mizumoto Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Yuki Toyoda Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Rie Hayashi Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Shinya Kato Department of Innovative Oncology Research and Regenerative Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 545-0871, Japan; (K.H.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (R.M.); (R.H.); (S.K.) Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Mitsunobu Takeda Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Yuki Sekido Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Tsuyoshi Hata Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Atsushi Hamabe Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Takayuki Ogino Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Hidekazu Takahashi Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka 543-0035, Japan;
Mamoru Uemura Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Hirofumi Yamamoto Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Yuichiro Doki Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)
Hidetoshi Eguchi Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (Y.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.); (T.H.); (A.H.); (T.O.); (M.U.); (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (H.E.)

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Bozzetti F. Age-related and cancer-related sarcopenia: is there a difference? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024;27:410-418. [PMID: 38488242 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]

Feng Y, Wang L, Guo F, Zhu F, Shi J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang L. Predictive impact of sarcopenia in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective study. Heliyon 2024;10:e27282. [PMID: 38463845 PMCID: PMC10923705 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open

Abstract

Background

Sarcopenia, characterised by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass and reduced strength and function, is frequently observed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relationship between sarcopenia and the prognosis of NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains unclear. This aimed to assess whether sarcopenia is an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving ICIs.

Methods

For this retrospective cohort study, we analysed the medical records of patients attending our hospital aged 18-75 years who were newly diagnosed with stage IIIB to stage IV NSCLC, and who had received ICIs as first- or second-line therapy between May 2019 and April 2022. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated from computed tomography (CT) images and relevant clinical characteristics within 4 weeks of initiating treatment and used to diagnose sarcopenia status. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to calculate and compare patients' progression-free survival (PFS). Cox proportional hazard regression was used to examine the associations between sarcopenia and survival outcomes. The chi-square test was used to compare treatment response outcomes, such as the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and immunotherapy-related adverse events (irAEs), between individuals with and without sarcopenia. Additionally, the Student's t-test was utilised to compare SMI values between patients by their objective response (OR) and disease control (DC). Finally, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare nutritional and inflammatory indicators between the sarcopenia groups.

Results

The study enrolled 70 patients, of whom 34 (48.6%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The median PFS of patients with and without sarcopenia was 7.5 vs. 13.4 months, respectively (p = 0.006). The proportional hazards regression analysis showed sarcopenia to be an independent prognostic factor for shorter PFS (hazard ratio (HR): 0.504, 95% CI: 0.265-0.962, p = 0.038). Using chi square tests, we found significant differences in the ORR (20.59% vs. 58.33%, p = 0.001) and occurrence of any irAEs (44.1% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.028) between the sarcopenia and the non-sarcopenia groups, respectively. The Student's t-test showed a significant difference in SMI between the ORR group and the non-ORR group (49.99 ± 7.00 vs. 42.98 ± 2.18 cm2/m2, p = 0.0015). While the sarcopenia group were with significantly a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratios and a higher C-reactive protein (CRP) level (p = 0.026, p = 0.011, respectively). Conclusions: This study found that sarcopenia is a significant predictor of a poor prognosis for patients with advanced NSCLC receiving ICIs. Multiple inflammatory and immune functions related to prognosis also differ by sarcopenia status.

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