1
|
Mahy JG, Delbeuck T, Tran KY, Heinrichs B, Lambert SD. Green Chemistry for the Transformation of Chlorinated Wastes: Catalytic Hydrodechlorination on Pd-Ni and Pd-Fe Bimetallic Catalysts Supported on SiO2. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040275. [PMID: 37102887 PMCID: PMC10137916 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monometallic catalysts based on Fe, Ni and Pd, as well as bimetallic catalysts based on Fe-Pd and based on Ni-Pd supported on silica, were synthesized using a sol–gel cogelation process. These catalysts were tested in chlorobenzene hydrodechlorination at low conversion to consider a differential reactor. In all samples, the cogelation method allowed very small metallic nanoparticles of 2–3 nm to be dispersed inside the silica matrix. Nevertheless, the presence of some large particles of pure Pd was noted. The catalysts had specific surface areas between 100 and 400 m2/g. In view of the catalytic results obtained, the Pd-Ni catalysts are less active than the monometallic Pd catalyst (<6% of conversion) except for catalysts with a low proportion of Ni (9% of conversion) and for reaction temperatures above 240 °C. In this series of catalysts, increasing the Ni content increases the activity but leads to an amplification of the catalyst deactivation phenomenon compared to Pd alone. On the other hand, Pd-Fe catalysts are more active with a double conversion value compared to a Pd monometallic catalyst (13% vs. 6%). The difference in the results obtained for each of the catalysts in the Pd-Fe series could be explained by the greater presence of the Fe-Pd alloy in the catalyst. Fe would have a cooperative effect when associated with Pd. Although Fe is inactive alone for chlorobenzene hydrodechlorination, when Fe is coupled to another metal from the group VIIIb, such as Pd, it allows the phenomenon of Pd poisoning by HCl to be reduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien G. Mahy
- Department of Chemical Engineering—Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry, University of Liège, B6a, Quartier Agora, Allée du six Août 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre-Eau Terre Environnement, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-3663563
| | - Thierry Delbeuck
- Department of Chemical Engineering—Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry, University of Liège, B6a, Quartier Agora, Allée du six Août 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Kim Yên Tran
- Department of Chemical Engineering—Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry, University of Liège, B6a, Quartier Agora, Allée du six Août 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Benoît Heinrichs
- Department of Chemical Engineering—Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry, University of Liège, B6a, Quartier Agora, Allée du six Août 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie D. Lambert
- Department of Chemical Engineering—Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry, University of Liège, B6a, Quartier Agora, Allée du six Août 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mishakov IV, Bauman YI, Potylitsyna AR, Shubin YV, Plyusnin PE, Stoyanovskii VO, Vedyagin AA. Catalytic Properties of Bulk (1–x)Ni–xW Alloys in the Decomposition of 1,2-Dichloroethane with the Production of Carbon Nanomaterials. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158422010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
3
|
Mironenko RM, Likholobov VA, Belskaya OB. Nanoglobular carbon and palladium - carbon catalysts for liquid-phase hydrogenation of organic compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
4
|
Abstract
Chlorodifluoromethane (R-22), the most abundant freon in the atmosphere, was subjected to successful hydrodechlorination in the presence of palladium supported on γ-alumina, at a relatively low reaction temperature (180 °C). The combination of catalytic actions of alumina (performing freon dismutation) and Pd nanoparticles (catalyzing C–Cl bond splitting in the presence of hydrogen) results in the transformation of freon into valuable, chlorine-free products: methane and fluoroform, the mixture of which is used in plasma etching of silicon and silicon nitride. Very highly metal dispersed Pt/Al2O3 catalysts, with metal particles of ~1.3 nm in size, are not as effective as Pd/Al2O3, resulting in only partial dechlorination. A long-term dechlorination screening (3–4 days) showed good catalytic stability of Pd/alumina catalysts.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) is a technology with great potential for the treatment and valorization of organic chlorinated wastes [...]
Collapse
|
6
|
Two Scenarios of Dechlorination of the Chlorinated Hydrocarbons over Nickel-Alumina Catalyst. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dechlorination processes attract great interest since they are involved in environmental protection and waste disposal technologies. In this paper, the process of gas-phase dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, and chlorobenzene over Ni/Al2O3 catalyst (90 wt% Ni) prepared by a coprecipitation technique was investigated. The reduction behavior of the oxide precursor NiO/Al2O3 was studied by thermogravimetric analysis in a hydrogen medium. A thermodynamic assessment of the conditions under which metallic nickel undergoes deactivation due to the formation of nickel chloride was performed. The dechlorination of chlorinated substrates was studied using a gravimetric flow-through system equipped with McBain balances in a wide range of temperatures (350–650 °C) and hydrogen concentrations (0–98 vol%). The impact of these parameters on selectivity towards the products of hydrodechlorination (C2H4, C2H6, and C6H6) and catalytic pyrolysis (carbon nanomaterial and CH4) was explored. The relationship between the mechanisms of the catalytic hydrodechlorination and the carbide cycle was discussed, and the specific reaction conditions for the implementation of both scenarios were revealed. According to the electron microscopy data, the carbonaceous products deposited on nickel particles during catalytic pyrolysis are represented by nanofibers with a disordered structure formed due to the peculiarity of the process including the side carbon methanation reaction.
Collapse
|
7
|
The Effect of Shape-Controlled Pt and Pd Nanoparticles on Selective Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Trichloroethylene. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the shape of nanoscale materials enables obtaining morphology-controlled surfaces exhibiting specific interactions with reactants during catalytic reactions. The specifics of nanoparticle surfaces control the catalytic performance, i.e., activity and selectivity. In this study, shape-controlled Platinum (Pt) and Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles with distinct morphology were produced, i.e., cubes and cuboctahedra for Pt and spheres and polyhedra/multiple-twins for Pd, with (100), (111 + 100), curved/stepped and (111) facets, respectively. These particles with well-tuned surfaces were subsequently deposited on a Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) support. The morphological characteristics of the particles were determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while their adsorption properties were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CO adsorbed at room temperature. The effect of the nanoparticle shape and surface structure on the catalytic performance in hydrodechlorination (HDCl) of trichloroethylene (TCE) was examined. The results show that nanoparticles with different surface orientations can be employed to affect selectivity, with polyhedral and multiply-twinned Pd exhibiting the best ethylene selectivity.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang L, Deng W, Cai Y, Dai Q, Guo L. Comparative Studies of Phosphate-Modified CeO2 and Al2O3 for Mechanistic Understanding of Dichloromethane Oxidation and Chloromethane Formation. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanpu Cai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiguang Dai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Limin Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|