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Lu Q, Zhang B, Lin J. Wide-direct-band-gap monolayer carbon nitride CN 2: a potential metal-free photocatalyst for overall water splitting. RSC Adv 2024; 14:24226-24235. [PMID: 39104560 PMCID: PMC11299055 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04756g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Two dimensional metal-free semiconductors with high work function have attracted extensive research interest in the field of photocatalytic water splitting. Herein, we have proposed a kind of highly stable monolayer carbon nitride CN2 with an anisotropic structure based on first principles density functional theory. The calculations of electronic structure properties, performed using the HSE06 functional, indicate that monolayer CN2 has a wide direct band gap of 2.836 eV and a high work function of 6.54 eV. And the suitable band edge alignment, high electron mobility (∼103 cm2 V-1 s-1) and visible-light optical absorption suggest that monolayer CN2 has potential on visible-light photocatalytic water splitting at pH ranging from 0 to 14. Moreover, we have observed that uniaxial strain can effectively control the electronic structure properties and optical absorption of monolayer CN2, which can further improve its solar to hydrogen efficiency from 9.6% to 16.02% under 5% uniaxial tension strain along the Y direction. Our calculations have not only proposed a new type of potential metal-free photocatalyst for water splitting but also provided a functional part with high work function for type-I and scheme-Z heterojunction applied in photocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- School of Science, Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Bofeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jiahe Lin
- School of Science, Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China
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2
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Hojamberdiev M, Vargas R, Madriz L, Kadirova ZC, Yubuta K, Zhang F, Teshima K, Lerch M. Untangling the Effect of Carbonaceous Materials on the Photoelectrochemical Performance of BaTaO 2N. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7022-7033. [PMID: 38371832 PMCID: PMC10870353 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The water oxidation reaction is a rate-determining step in solar water splitting. The number of surviving photoexcited holes is one of the most influencing factors affecting the photoelectrochemical water oxidation efficiency of photocatalysts. The solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency of BaTaO2N is still far below the benchmark efficiency set for practical applications, notwithstanding its potential as a 600 nm-class photocatalyst in solar water splitting. To improve its efficiency in photoelectrochemical water splitting, this study offers a straightforward route to develop photocatalytic materials based on the combination of BaTaO2N and carbonaceous materials with different dimensions. The impact of diverse carbonaceous materials, such as fullerene, g-C3N4, graphene, carbon nanohorns, and carbon nanotubes, on the photoelectrochemical behavior of BaTaO2N has been examined. Notably, the use of graphene and g-C3N4 remarkably improves the photoelectrochemical performance of the composite photocatalysts through a higher photocurrent and acting as electron reservoirs. Consequently, a marked reduction in recombination rates, even at low overpotentials, leads to a higher accumulation of photoexcited holes, resulting in 2.6- and 1.7-fold increased BaTaO2N photocurrent densities using graphene and g-C3N4, respectively. The observed trends in the dark for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) potential align with the increase in the photocurrent density, revealing a good correlation between opposite phenomena. Importantly, the enhancement observed implies an underlying accumulation phenomenon. The verification of this concept lies in the evidence provided by oxygen reduction and is in line with photoredox flux matching during photocatalysis. This research underscores the intricate interplay between carbonaceous materials and oxynitride photocatalysts, offering a strategic approach to enhancing various photocatalytic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirabbos Hojamberdiev
- Institut
für Chemie, Technische Universität
Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronald Vargas
- Instituto
Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Consejo Nacional
de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino, Km 8,2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela
de Bio y Nanotecnologías, Universidad
Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino, Km 8,2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorean Madriz
- Instituto
Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Consejo Nacional
de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino, Km 8,2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela
de Bio y Nanotecnologías, Universidad
Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino, Km 8,2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Zukhra C. Kadirova
- Uzbekistan–Japan
Innovation Center of Youth, University Street 2B, 100095 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Kunio Yubuta
- Department
of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- State
Key
Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy,
iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Katsuya Teshima
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
- Research
Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu
University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Martin Lerch
- Institut
für Chemie, Technische Universität
Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Shahzad U, Marwani HM, Saeed M, Asiri AM, Repon MR, Althomali RH, Rahman MM. Progress and Perspectives on Promising Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs) Materials for Energy Storage Capacity. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300285. [PMID: 37986206 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a new class of highly crystalline advanced permeable materials covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered a great deal of attention thanks to their remarkable properties, such as their large surface area, highly ordered pores and channels, and controllable crystalline structures. The lower physical stability and electrical conductivity, however, prevent them from being widely used in applications like photocatalytic activities and innovative energy storage and conversion devices. For this reason, many studies have focused on finding ways to improve upon these interesting materials while also minimizing their drawbacks. This review article begins with a brief introduction to the history and major milestones of COFs development before moving on to a comprehensive exploration of the various synthesis methods and recent successes and signposts of their potential applications in carbon dioxide (CO2 ) sequestration, supercapacitors (SCs), lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and hydrogen production (H2 -energy). In conclusion, the difficulties and potential of future developing with highly efficient COFs ideas for photocatalytic as well as electrochemical energy storage applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi M Marwani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Reazuddin Repon
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų 56, LT-51424, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos g. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Textile Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Raed H Althomali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir, 11991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Shah R, Ali S, Raziq F, Ali S, Ismail PM, Shah S, Iqbal R, Wu X, He W, Zu X, Zada A, Adnan, Mabood F, Vinu A, Jhung SH, Yi J, Qiao L. Exploration of metal organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks for energy-related applications. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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5
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Sokolov M, Mastrikov YA, Zvejnieks G, Bocharov D, Krasnenko V, Exner KS, Kotomin EA. First Principles Calculations of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Proton Migration on Stepped Surfaces of SrTiO
3. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Sokolov
- Institute of Solid State Physics University of Latvia Kengaraga 8 Riga LV1063 Latvia
- Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5 545141 Essen Germany
| | - Yuri A. Mastrikov
- Institute of Solid State Physics University of Latvia Kengaraga 8 Riga LV1063 Latvia
| | - Guntars Zvejnieks
- Institute of Solid State Physics University of Latvia Kengaraga 8 Riga LV1063 Latvia
| | - Dmitry Bocharov
- Institute of Solid State Physics University of Latvia Kengaraga 8 Riga LV1063 Latvia
| | - Veera Krasnenko
- Institute of Physics University of Tartu W. Ostwaldi Str 1 Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Kai S. Exner
- Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5 545141 Essen Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESOLV Ruhr‐University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 47057 Bochum Germany
- Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE) Duisburg‐Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Carl‐Benz‐Straße 199 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Eugene A. Kotomin
- Institute of Solid State Physics University of Latvia Kengaraga 8 Riga LV1063 Latvia
- Physical Chemistry of Solids Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstraße 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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6
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Zverev AS, Ilyakova NN, Nurmukhametov DR, Dudnikova YN, Russakov DM, Pugachev VM, Mitrofanov AY. Iron and Copper Doped Zinc Oxide Nanopowders as a Sensitizer of Industrial Energetic Materials to Visible Laser Radiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4176. [PMID: 36500799 PMCID: PMC9736272 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of methods ensuring reliable control over explosive chemical reactions is a critical task for the safe and efficient application of energetic materials. Triggering the explosion by laser radiation is one of the promising methods. In this work, we demonstrate a technique of applying the common industrial high explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) as a photosensitive energetic material by adding zinc oxide nanopowders doped with copper and iron. Nanopowders of ZnO:Fe and ZnO:Cu able to absorb visible light were synthesized. The addition of one mass percent nanopowders in PETN decreased the threshold energy density of its initiation through Nd:YAG laser second harmonic (2.33 eV) by more than five times. The obtained energetic composites can be reliably initiated by a CW blue laser diode with a wavelength of 450 nm and power of 21 W. The low threshold initiation energy and short irradiation exposure of the PETN-ZnO:Cu composite makes it applicable in laser initiation devices. PETN-ZnO:Cu also can be initiated by an infrared laser diode with a wavelength of 808 nm. The proposed photochemical mechanism of the laser-induced triggering of the explosion reaction in the studied energetic composites was formulated. The results demonstrate the high promise of using nanomaterials based on zinc oxide as a sensitizer of industrial energetic materials to visible laser radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton S. Zverev
- The Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Natalya N. Ilyakova
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Denis R. Nurmukhametov
- The Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Yulia N. Dudnikova
- The Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Russakov
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Valery M. Pugachev
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Anatoly Y. Mitrofanov
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
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7
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Water Splitting on Multifaceted SrTiO 3 Nanocrystals: Calculations of Raman Vibrational Spectrum. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124233. [PMID: 35744292 PMCID: PMC9227064 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Various photocatalysts are being currently studied with the aim of increasing the photocatalytic efficiency of water splitting for production of hydrogen as a fuel and oxygen as a medical gas. A noticeable increase of hydrogen production was found recently experimentally on the anisotropic faces (facets) of strontium titanate (SrTiO3, STO) nanoparticles. In order to identify optimal sites for water splitting, the first principles calculations of the Raman vibrational spectrum of the bulk and stepped (facet) surface of a thin STO film with adsorbed water derivatives were performed. According to our calculations, the Raman spectrum of a stepped STO surface differs from the bulk spectrum, which agrees with the experimental data. The characteristic vibrational frequencies for the chemisorption of water derivatives on the surface were identified. Moreover, it is also possible to distinguish between differently adsorbed hydrogen atoms of a split water molecule. Our approach helps to select the most efficient (size and shape) perovskite nanoparticles for efficient hydrogen/oxygen photocatalytic production.
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8
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He Y, Zhu YH, Zhang M, Du J, Guo WH, Liu SM, Tian C, Zhong HX, Wang X, Shi JJ. High hydrogen production in the InSe/MoSi 2N 4 van der Waals heterostructure for overall water splitting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2110-2117. [PMID: 35019921 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04705a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Very recently, the septuple-atomic-layer MoSi2N4 has been successfully synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition method. However, pristine MoSi2N4 exhibits some shortcomings, including poor visible-light harvesting capability and a low separation rate of photo-excited electron-hole pairs, when it is applied in water splitting to produce hydrogen. Fortunately, we find that MoSi2N4 can be considered as a good co-catalyst to be stacked with InSe forming an efficient heterostructure photocatalyst. Here, the electronic and photocatalytic properties of the two-dimensional (2D) InSe/MoSi2N4 heterostructure have been systematically investigated by density functional theory for the first time. The results demonstrate that 2D InSe/MoSi2N4 has a type-II band alignment with a favourable direct bandgap of 1.61 eV and exhibits suitable band edge positions for overall water splitting. Particularly, 2D InSe/MoSi2N4 has high electron mobility (104 cm2 V-1 s-1) and shows a noticeable optical absorption coefficient (105 cm-1) in the visible-light region of the solar spectrum. These brilliant properties declare that 2D InSe/MoSi2N4 is a potential photocatalyst for overall water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yao-Hui Zhu
- Physics Department, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China.
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Wen-Hui Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Chong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Hong-Xia Zhong
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Jun-Jie Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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9
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Abstract
Recent experimental findings suggest that strontium titanate SrTiO3 (STO) photocatalytic activity for water splitting could be improved by creating multifaceted nanoparticles. To understand the underlying mechanisms and energetics, the model for faceted nanoparticles was created. The multifaceted nanoparticles’ surface is considered by us as a combination of flat and “stepped” facets. Ab initio calculations of the adsorption of water and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) intermediates were performed. Our findings suggest that the “slope” part of the step showed a natural similarity to the flat surface, whereas the “ridge” part exhibited significantly different adsorption configurations. On the “slope” region, both molecular and dissociative adsorption modes were possible, whereas on the “ridge”, only dissociative adsorption was observed. Water adsorption energies on the “ridge” ( −1.50 eV) were significantly higher than on the “slope” ( −0.76 eV molecular; −0.83 eV dissociative) or flat surface ( −0.79 eV molecular; −1.09 eV dissociative).
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Hierarchical Ternary Sulfides as Effective Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation Through Water Splitting: A Review on the Performance of ZnIn2S4. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major aspects and advantages of solar energy conversion is the photocatalytic hydrogen generation using semiconductor materials for an eco-friendly technology. Designing a low-cost efficient material to overcome limited light absorption as well as rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers is essential to achieve considerable hydrogen generation. In recent years, sulfide based semiconductors have attracted scientific research interest due to their excellent solar response and narrow band gap. The present review focuses on the recent approaches in the development of hierarchical ternary sulfide based photocatalysts with a special focus on ZnIn2S4. We also observe how the electronic structure of ZnIn2S4 is beneficial for water splitting and the various strategies involved for improving the material efficiency for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. The review places emphasis on the latest advancement/new insights on ZnIn2S4 being used as an efficient material for hydrogen generation through photocatalytic water splitting. Recent progress on essential aspects which govern light absorption, charge separation and transport are also discussed in detail.
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11
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Towards Green, Enhanced Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The constant growth of energy demand joined with the adverse effects on the global environment induced by use of fossil fuels is increasingly requiring new routes to obtain clean and renewable energy sources [...]
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12
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Jakhar M, Kumar A. Tunable photocatalytic water splitting and solar-to-hydrogen efficiency in β-PdSe 2 monolayer. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00953b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct production of hydrogen from photocatalytic water splitting is a potential solution to overcome global energy crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Jakhar
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
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13
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Prediction of a Stable Organic Metal-Free Porous Material as a Catalyst for Water-Splitting. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of practical significance to find organic metal-free catalyst materials. We propose a new graphene-like carbon nitride structure, which was able to meet these requirements well. Its primitive cell consists of eight carbon atoms and six nitrogen atoms. Hence, we called this structure g–C8N6. The stability of the structure was verified by phonon spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Then its electronic structure was calculated, and its band edge position was compared with the redox potential of water. We analyzed its optical properties and electron–hole recombination rate. After the above analysis, it is predicted that it is a suitable photocatalyst material. To improve its photocatalytic performance, two methods were proposed: applied tensile force and multilayer stacking. Our research is instructive for the photocatalytic application of this kind of materials.
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