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Chai S, Kang BS, Valizadeh B, Valizadeh S, Hong J, Jae J, Andrew Lin KY, Khan MA, Jeon BH, Park YK, Seo MW. Fractional condensation of bio-oil vapors from pyrolysis of various sawdust wastes in a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141121. [PMID: 38185423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic waste as an energy source for substituting fossil fuels has attracted lots of attention, and pyrolysis has been established as an effective technology for this purpose. However, the utilization of bio-oil derived from non-catalytic pyrolysis faces certain constraints, making it impractical for direct application in advanced sectors. This study has focused on overcoming these challenges by employing fractional condensation of pyrolytic vapors at distinct temperatures. The potential of five types of sawdust for producing high-quality bio-oil through pyrolysis conducted with a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor was investigated for the first time. The highest yield of bio-oil (61.94 wt%) was produced using sample 3 (damaged timber). Remarkably, phenolic compounds were majorly gathered in the 1st and 2nd condensers at temperatures of 200 °C and 150 °C, respectively, attributing to their higher boiling points. Whereas, carboxylic acid, ketones, and furans were mainly collected in the 3rd (-5 °C) and 4th (-20 °C) condensers, having high water content in the range of 35.33%-65.09%. The separation of acidic nature compounds such as acetic acid in the 3rd and 4th was evidenced by its low pH in the range of 4-5, while the pH of liquid collected in the 1st and 2nd condensers exhibited higher pH (6-7). The well-separated bio-oil derived from biomass pyrolysis facilitates its wide usage in various applications, proposing a unique approach toward carbon neutrality. In particular, achieving efficient separation of phenolic compounds in bio-oil is important, as these compounds can undergo further upgrading to generate hydrocarbons and diesel fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyeong Chai
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Sung Kang
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Behzad Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Hong
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Jae
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung Won Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Lin CR, Ivanova OS, Edelman IS, Knyazev YV, Zharkov SM, Petrov DA, Sokolov AE, Svetlitsky ES, Velikanov DA, Solovyov LA, Chen YZ, Tseng YT. Carbon Double Coated Fe3O4@C@C Nanoparticles: Morphology Features, Magnetic Properties, Dye Adsorption. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030376. [PMID: 35159723 PMCID: PMC8839792 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This work is devoted to the study of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles doubly coated with carbon. First, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition. Then these synthesized nanoparticles, 20–30 nm in size were processed in a solution of glucose at 200 °C during 12 h. The morphology and features of the magnetic properties of the obtained hybrid nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, differential thermo-gravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer, magnetic circular dichroism and Mössbauer spectroscopy. It was shown that the magnetic core of Fe3O4@C nanoparticles was nano-crystalline, corresponding to the Fe3O4 phase. The Fe3O4@C@C nanoparticles presumably contain Fe3O4 phase (80%) with admixture of maghemite (20%), the thickness of the carbon shell in the first case was of about 2–4 nm. The formation of very large nanoparticle conglomerates with a linear size up to 300 nm and of the same regular shape is a remarkable peculiarity of the Fe3O4@C@C nanoparticles. Adsorption of organic dyes from water by the studied nanoparticles was also studied. The best candidates for the removal of dyes were Fe3O4@C@C nanoparticles. The kinetic data showed that the adsorption processes were associated with the pseudo-second order mechanism for cationic dye methylene blue (MB) and anionic dye Congo red (CR). The equilibrium data were more consistent with the Langmuir isotherm and were perfectly described by the Langmuir–Freundlich model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Rong Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.C.); (Y.-T.T.)
- Correspondence: (C.-R.L.); (O.S.I.)
| | - Oxana S. Ivanova
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Correspondence: (C.-R.L.); (O.S.I.)
| | - Irina S. Edelman
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Yuriy V. Knyazev
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Zharkov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Petrov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Alexey E. Sokolov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Eugeniy S. Svetlitsky
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Dmitry A. Velikanov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.S.E.); (Y.V.K.); (S.M.Z.); (D.A.P.); (A.E.S.); (E.S.S.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Leonid A. Solovyov
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Ying-Zhen Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.C.); (Y.-T.T.)
| | - Yaw-Teng Tseng
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.C.); (Y.-T.T.)
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Selectively Producing Acetic Acid via Boric Acid-Catalyzed Fast Pyrolysis of Woody Biomass. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Boric acid is recently proved to be a good substitute for conventional acidic catalytic materials. However, few studies used boric acid as a catalyst in biomass pyrolysis. This study focused on the catalytic effects of boric acid (BA) on pyrolysis behaviors of woody biomass. The birch wood flour (WF) was used as feedstock and treated by impregnation of boric acid solution. Both untreated and boric acid-treated samples (BW) were characterized by FTIR and SEM. Thermogravimetry (TG) and pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) techniques were used for studying mass loss, composition, and distribution of evolved volatiles formed from pyrolysis process. Additionally, a small fixed-bed pyrolyzer with an amplificated loading amount was used to prepare liquid products, and further, GC/MS were used to analyze the composition of these liquid products. Different pyrolysis temperatures and boric acid/wood flour mass ratios were also studied. The main results are as follows. Boric acid infiltrated into both cell cavity and cell wall through impregnation treatment. FTIR analysis showed that boric acid reacted with wood flour to form B-O-C bond during the treatment. After the treatment of boric acid, the initial degradation temperatures and residual carbon contents were increased, while the maximum weight loss rates were decreased. Boric acid significantly altered the composition and distribution of volatile pyrolysis products of wood flour. It significantly increased the contents of small molecule compounds such as acetic acid and furfural but, decreased the contents of phenol derivatives with high molecular weights. And these changes became more pronounced as the temperature increased. When mass ratio of boric acid (BA) to wood flour (WF) was 2, the acetic acid accounted for 91.28% of the total product in the pyrolysis liquid, which was 14 times higher than that of untreated wood flour. Boric acid effectively catalyzed fast pyrolysis of woody biomass to selectively produce acetic acid
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