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Zhang R, Sun T. Ink-based additive manufacturing for electrochemical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33023. [PMID: 38994065 PMCID: PMC11238056 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, has drawn substantial attention in recent decades due to its efficiency and precise control in part fabrication. The limitations of conventional fabrication processes, especially regarding geometry complexity, supply chain, and environmental impact, have prompted the exploration of diverse AM technologies in electrochemistry. Especially, three ink-based AM techniques, binder jet printing (BJP), direct ink writing (DIW), and Inkjet Printing (IJP), have been extensively applied by numerous research teams to produce electrodes, catalyst scaffolds, supercapacitors, batteries, etc. BJP's versatility in utilizing a wide range of materials as powder feedstock promotes its potential for various electrode and battery applications. DIW and IJP stand out for their ability to handle multi-material manufacturing tasks and deliver high printing resolution. To capture recent advancements in this field, we present a comprehensive review of the applications of BJP, DIW, and IJP techniques in fabricating electrochemical devices and components. This review intends to provide an overview of the process-structure-property relationship in electrochemical materials and components across diverse applications manufactured using AM techniques. We delve into how the significantly improved design freedom over the structure offered by these ink-based AM techniques highlights the performance of electrochemical products. Moreover, we highlight their advantages in terms of material compatibility, geometry control, and cost-effectiveness. In specific cases, we also compare the performance of electrochemical components fabricated using AM and conventional manufacturing methods. Finally, we conclude this review article by offering some insights into the future development in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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2
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Morales M, Rezayat M, García-González S, Mateo A, Jiménez-Piqué E. Ru-Ce 0.7Zr 0.3O 2-δ as an Anode Catalyst for the Internal Reforming of Dimethyl Ether in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:603. [PMID: 38607137 PMCID: PMC11013270 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The development of direct dimethyl ether (DME) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has several drawbacks, due to the low catalytic activity and carbon deposition of conventional Ni-zirconia-based anodes. In the present study, the insertion of 2.0 wt.% Ru-Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-δ (ruthenium-zirconium-doped ceria, Ru-CZO) as an anode catalyst layer (ACL) is proposed to be a promising solution. For this purpose, the CZO powder was prepared by the sol-gel synthesis method, and subsequently, nanoparticles of Ru (1.0-2.0 wt.%) were synthesized by the impregnation method and calcination. The catalyst powder was characterized by BET-specific surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive spectroscopy detector (FESEM-EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Afterward, the catalytic activity of Ru-CZO catalyst was studied using DME partial oxidation. Finally, button anode-supported SOFCs with Ru-CZO ACL were prepared, depositing Ru-CZO onto the anode support and using an annealing process. The effect of ACL on the electrochemical performance of cells was investigated under a DME and air mixture at 750 °C. The results showed a high dispersion of Ru in the CZO solid solution, which provided a complete DME conversion and high yields of H2 and CO at 750 °C. As a result, 2.0 wt.% Ru-CZO ACL enhanced the cell performance by more than 20% at 750 °C. The post-test analysis of cells with ACL proved a remarkable resistance of Ru-CZO ACL to carbon deposition compared to the reference cell, evidencing the potential application of Ru-CZO as a catalyst as well as an ACL for direct DME SOFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Morales
- Structural Integrity and Materials Reliability Centre (CIEFMA), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (S.G.-G.); (A.M.); (E.J.-P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohammad Rezayat
- Structural Integrity and Materials Reliability Centre (CIEFMA), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (S.G.-G.); (A.M.); (E.J.-P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra García-González
- Structural Integrity and Materials Reliability Centre (CIEFMA), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (S.G.-G.); (A.M.); (E.J.-P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Mateo
- Structural Integrity and Materials Reliability Centre (CIEFMA), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (S.G.-G.); (A.M.); (E.J.-P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Jiménez-Piqué
- Structural Integrity and Materials Reliability Centre (CIEFMA), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (S.G.-G.); (A.M.); (E.J.-P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE—Campus Diagonal Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech, C/Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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Villora-Picó JJ, González-Arias J, Pastor-Pérez L, Odriozola JA, Reina TR. A review on high-pressure heterogeneous catalytic processes for gas-phase CO 2 valorization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117520. [PMID: 37923108 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the importance of mitigating CO2 emissions by valorizing CO2 through high-pressure catalytic processes. It focuses on various key processes, including CO2 methanation, reverse water-gas shift, methane dry reforming, methanol, and dimethyl ether synthesis, emphasizing pros and cons of high-pressure operation. CO2 methanation, methanol synthesis, and dimethyl ether synthesis reactions are thermodynamically favored under high-pressure conditions. However, in the case of methane dry reforming and reverse water-gas shift, applying high pressure, results in decreased selectivity toward desired products and an increase in coke production, which can be detrimental to both the catalyst and the reaction system. Nevertheless, high-pressure utilization proves industrially advantageous for cost reduction when these processes are integrated with Fischer-Tropsch or methanol synthesis units. This review also compiles recent advances in heterogeneous catalysts design for high-pressure applications. By examining the impact of pressure on CO2 valorization and the state of the art, this work contributes to improving scientific understanding and optimizing these processes for sustainable CO2 management, as well as addressing challenges in high-pressure CO2 valorization that are crucial for industrial scaling-up. This includes the development of cost-effective and robust reactor materials and the development of low-cost catalysts that yield improved selectivity and long-term stability under realistic working environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Villora-Picó
- Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain.
| | - J González-Arias
- Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - L Pastor-Pérez
- Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - J A Odriozola
- Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - T R Reina
- Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
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4
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Kubas D, Beck JM, Kasisari E, Schätzler T, Becherer A, Fischer A, Krossing I. From CO 2 to DME: Enhancement through Heteropoly Acids from a Catalyst Screening and Stability Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15203-15216. [PMID: 37151500 PMCID: PMC10157840 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) via CO2 hydrogenation in a single step was studied using an improved class of bifunctional catalysts in a fixed bed reactor (T R: 210-270 °C; 40 bar; gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) 19,800 NL kgcat -1 h-1; ratio CO2/H2/N2 3:9:2). The competitive bifunctional catalysts tested in here consist of a surface-basic copper/zinc oxide/zirconia (CZZ) methanol-producing part and a variable surface-acidic methanol dehydration part and were tested in overall 45 combinations. As dehydration catalysts, zeolites (ferrierite and β-zeolite), alumina, or zirconia were tested alone as well as with a coating of Keggin-type heteropoly acids (HPAs), i.e., silicotungstic or phosphotungstic acid. Two different mixing methods to generate bifunctional catalysts were tested: (i) a single-grain method with intensive intra-particular contact between CZZ and the dehydration catalyst generated by mixing in an agate mortar and (ii) a dual-grain approach relying on physical mixing with low contact. The influence of the catalyst mixing method and HPA loading on catalyst activity and stability was investigated. From these results, a selection of best-performing bifunctional catalysts was investigated in extended measurements (time on stream: 160 h/7 days, T R: 250 and 270 °C; 40 bar; GHSV 19,800 NL kgcat -1 h-1; ratio CO2/H2/N2 3:9:2). Silicotungstic acid-coated bifunctional catalysts showed the highest resilience toward deactivation caused by single-grain preparation and during catalysis. Overall, HPA-coated catalysts showed higher activity and resilience toward deactivation than uncoated counterparts. Dual-grain preparation showed superior performance over single grain. Furthermore, silicotungstic acid coatings with 1 KU nm-2 (Keggin unit per surface area of carrier) on Al2O3 and ZrO2 as carrier materials showed competitive high activity and stability in extended 7-day measurements compared to pure CZZ. Therefore, HPA coating is found to be a well-suited addition to the CO2-to-DME catalyst toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Kubas
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität
Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Maria Beck
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität
Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erdogan Kasisari
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timo Schätzler
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anita Becherer
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Fischer
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität
Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität
Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität
Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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5
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Bonura G, Todaro S, Middelkoop V, de Vos Y, Abbenhuis H, Gerritsen G, Koekkoek A, Cannilla C, Frusteri F. Effectiveness of the 3D-printing procedure in the synthesis of hybrid catalysts for the direct hydrogenation of CO2 into dimethyl ether. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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6
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Mesostructured γ-Al2O3-Based Bifunctional Catalysts for Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether from CO2. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we propose two bifunctional nanocomposite catalysts based on acidic mesostructured γ-Al2O3 and a Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 redox phase. γ-Al2O3 was synthesized by an Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly (EISA) method using two different templating agents (block copolymers Pluronic P123 and F127) and subsequently functionalized with the redox phase using an impregnation method modified with a self-combustion reaction. These nanocomposite catalysts and their corresponding mesostructured supports were characterized in terms of structural, textural, and morphological features as well as their acidic properties. The bifunctional catalysts were tested for the CO2-to-DME process, and their performances were compared with a physical mixture consisting of the most promising support as a dehydration catalyst together with the most common Cu-based commercial redox catalyst (CZA). The results highlight that the most appropriate Pluronic for the synthesis of γ-Al2O3 is P123; the use of this templating agent allows us to obtain a mesostructure with a smaller pore size and a higher number of acid sites. Furthermore, the corresponding composite catalyst shows a better dispersion of the redox phase and, consequently, a higher CO2 conversion. However, the incorporation of the redox phase into the porous structure of the acidic support (chemical mixing), favoring an intimate contact between the two phases, has detrimental effects on the dehydration performances due to the coverage of the acid sites with the redox nanophase. On the other hand, the strategy involving the physical mixing of the two phases, distinctly preserving the two catalytic functions, assures better performances.
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7
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Maor II, Heyte S, Elishav O, Mann-Lahav M, Thuriot-Roukos J, Paul S, Grader GS. Performance of Cu/ZnO Nanosheets on Electrospun Al 2O 3 Nanofibers in CO 2 Catalytic Hydrogenation to Methanol and Dimethyl Ether. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:635. [PMID: 36839003 PMCID: PMC9967565 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) from carbon dioxide (CO2) and green hydrogen (H2) offers a sustainable pathway to convert CO2 emissions into value-added products. This heterogeneous catalytic reaction often uses copper (Cu) catalysts due to their low cost compared with their noble metal analogs. Nevertheless, improving the activity and selectivity of these Cu catalysts for these products is highly desirable. In the present study, a new architecture of Cu- and Cu/Zn-based catalysts supported on electrospun alumina nanofibers were synthesized. The catalysts were tested under various reaction conditions using high-throughput equipment to highlight the role of the hierarchical fibrous structure on the reaction activity and selectivity. The Cu or Cu/ZnO formed a unique structure of nanosheets, covering the alumina fiber surface. This exceptional morphology provides a large surface area, up to ~300 m2/g, accessible for reaction. Maximal production of methanol (~1106 gmethanolKgCu-1∙h-1) and DME (760 gDMEKgCu-1∙h-1) were obtained for catalysts containing 7% wt. Cu/Zn with a weight ratio of 2.3 Zn to Cu (at 300 °C, 50 bar). The promising results in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol and DME obtained here point out the significant advantage of nanofiber-based catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzhak I. Maor
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Svetlana Heyte
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille, Université d’Artois, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oren Elishav
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Meirav Mann-Lahav
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Joelle Thuriot-Roukos
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille, Université d’Artois, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Paul
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille, Université d’Artois, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gideon S. Grader
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The Nancy & Stephan Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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Navarro Yerga RM, Pawelec B, Mota N, Huirache-Acuña R. Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene over Ni-Mo-W Sulfide Catalysts Supported on Sol-Gel Al 2O 3-CeO 2. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6780. [PMID: 36234126 PMCID: PMC9571312 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To achieve sulfur content in gas oil at a near-zero level, new catalysts with improved hydrogenation functions are needed. In this work, new Ni-Mo-Mo hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts supported by Al2O3-CeO2 materials were synthesized to evaluate their efficiency in the reaction of HDS with dibenzothiophene (DBT). Al2O3-CeO2 supports different CeO2 loadings (0, 5, 10 and 15 wt.%) and supported NiMoW catalysts were synthesized by sol-gel and impregnation methods, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the supports and catalysts were determined by a variety of techniques (chemical analysis, XRD, N2 physisorption, DRS UV-Vis, XPS, and HRTEM). In the DBT HDS reaction carried out in a batch reactor at 320 °C and a H2 pressure of 5.5 MPa, the sulfide catalysts showed a dramatic increase in activity with increasing CeO2 content in the support. Nearly complete DBT conversion (97%) and enhanced hydrogenation function (HYD) were achieved on the catalyst with the highest CeO2 loading. The improved DBT conversion and selectivity towards the hydrogenation products (HYD/DDS ratio = 1.6) of this catalyst were attributed to the combination of the following causes: (i) the positive effect of CeO2 in forcing the formation of the onion-shaped Mo(W)S2 layers with a large number of active phases, (ii) the inhibition of the formation of the undesired NiAlO4 spinel phase, (iii) the appropriate textural properties, (iv) the additional ability for heterolytic dissociation of H2 on the CeO2 surfaces, and (v) the increase in Brønsted acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufino M. Navarro Yerga
- Grupo de Energía y Química Sostenibles, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Pawelec
- Grupo de Energía y Química Sostenibles, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Mota
- Grupo de Energía y Química Sostenibles, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Huirache-Acuña
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58060, Mexico
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9
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High Levels of Policosanols and Phytosterols from Sugar Mill Waste by Subcritical Liquefied Dimethyl Ether. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192937. [PMID: 36230017 PMCID: PMC9564350 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracting nutraceuticals with high value from bagasse, filter mud, and sugarcane leaves discarded as sugar mill by-products, is crucial for the development of a sustainable bio-economy. These by-products are important sources of policosanols and phytosterols, which have a cholesterol-lowering effect. This research focused on using a promising green technology, subcritical liquefied dimethyl ether extraction, with a low pressure of 0.8 MPa, to extract policosanols and phytosterols and on application of pretreatments to increase their contents. For direct extraction by subcritical liquefied dimethyl ether without sample pretreatment, the highest extraction yield (7.4%) and policosanol content were found in sugarcane leaves at 2888 mg/100 g, while the highest and lowest phytosterol contents were found in filter mud at 20,878.75 mg/100 g and sugarcane leaves at 10,147.75 mg/100 g, respectively. Pretreatment of filter mud by ultrasonication in hexane solution together with transesterification before the second subcritical liquefied dimethyl ether extraction successfully increased the policosanol content, with an extract purity of 60%, but failed to increase the phytosterol content.
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10
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On the design of mesostructured acidic catalysts for the one-pot dimethyl ether production from CO2. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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A Review on Deactivation and Regeneration of Catalysts for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15155420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The deactivation of catalysts and their regeneration are two very important challenges that need to be addressed for many industrial processes. The most quoted reasons for the deterioration of dimethyl ether synthesis (DME) concern the sintering and the hydrothermal leaching of copper particles, their migration to acid sites, the partial formation of copper and zinc hydroxycarbonates, the formation of carbon deposits, and surface contamination with undesirable compounds present in syngas. This review summarises recent findings in the field of DME catalyst deactivation and regeneration. The most-used catalysts, their modifications, along with a comparison of the basic parameters, deactivation approaches, and regeneration methods are presented.
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12
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Kumar KDPL, Naidu BN, Saini H, Ghosh K, Prasad VVDN, Mondal P. Insights of precursor phase transition of (Cu-Zn-Al)/γ-Al2O3 hybrid catalyst for one step dimethyl ether synthesis from syngas. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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13
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Al-Rabiah AA, Alshehri AS, Ibn Idriss A, Abdelaziz OY. Comparative Kinetic Analysis and Process Optimization for the Production of Dimethyl Ether via Methanol Dehydration over a γ‐Alumina Catalyst. Chem Eng Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A. Al-Rabiah
- King Saud University Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering 11421 Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah S. Alshehri
- King Saud University Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering 11421 Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Cornell University Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 14853 Ithaca NY USA
| | - Arimiyawo Ibn Idriss
- King Saud University Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering 11421 Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Y. Abdelaziz
- Lund University Department of Chemical Engineering 221 00 Lund Sweden
- Cairo University Department of Chemical Engineering 12613 Giza Egypt
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14
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Navarro-Jaén S, Virginie M, Morin JC, Thuriot JR, Wojcieszak R, Khodakov A. Hybrid monometallic and bimetallic copper-palladium zeolite catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl ether from CO2. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, carbon dioxide is the major reason of the global climate changes. The direct CO2 hydrogenation to dimethyl ether produces an important platform molecule for synthesis of fuels and chemicals...
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15
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Millán Ordóñez E, Mota N, Guil-López R, Garcia Pawelec B, Fierro JLG, Navarro Yerga RM. Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether on Bifunctional Catalysts Based on Cu–ZnO(Al) and Supported H 3PW 12O 40: Effect of Physical Mixing on Bifunctional Interactions and Activity. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Millán Ordóñez
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- PhD Programme in Applied Chemistry, Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Mota
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rut Guil-López
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Barbara Garcia Pawelec
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José Luis García Fierro
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rufino M. Navarro Yerga
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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Pawelec B, Guil-López R, Mota N, Fierro JLG, Navarro Yerga RM. Catalysts for the Conversion of CO 2 to Low Molecular Weight Olefins-A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226952. [PMID: 34832354 PMCID: PMC8622015 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a large worldwide demand for light olefins (C2=-C4=), which are needed for the production of high value-added chemicals and plastics. Light olefins can be produced by petroleum processing, direct/indirect conversion of synthesis gas (CO + H2) and hydrogenation of CO2. Among these methods, catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 is the most recently studied because it could contribute to alleviating CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. However, due to thermodynamic reasons, the design of catalysts for the selective production of light olefins from CO2 presents different challenges. In this regard, the recent progress in the synthesis of nanomaterials with well-controlled morphologies and active phase dispersion has opened new perspectives for the production of light olefins. In this review, recent advances in catalyst design are presented, with emphasis on catalysts operating through the modified Fischer-Tropsch pathway. The advantages and disadvantages of olefin production from CO2 via CO or methanol-mediated reaction routes were analyzed, as well as the prospects for the design of a single catalyst for direct olefin production. Conclusions were drawn on the prospect of a new catalyst design for the production of light olefins from CO2.
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Miletto I, Ivaldi C, Gianotti E, Paul G, Travagin F, Giovenzana GB, Fraccarollo A, Marchi D, Marchese L, Cossi M. Predicting the Conformation of Organic Catalysts Grafted on Silica Surfaces with Different Numbers of Tethering Chains: The Silicopodality Concept. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:21199-21210. [PMID: 34621460 PMCID: PMC8489525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid catalysts are attracting much attention, since they combine the versatility and efficiency of homogeneous organic catalysis with the robustness and thermal stability of solid materials, for example, mesoporous silica; in addition, they can be used in cascade reactions, for exploring both organic and inorganic catalysis at the same time. Despite the importance of the organic/inorganic interface in these materials, the effect of the grafting architecture on the final conformation of the organic layer (and hence its reactivity) is still largely unexplored. Here, we investigate a series of organosiloxanes comprising a pyridine ring (the catalyst model) and different numbers of alkylsiloxane chains used to anchor it to the MCM-41 surface. The hybrid interfaces are characterized with X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance techniques and are modeled theoretically through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, to determine the relationship between the number of chains and the average position of the pyridine group; MD simulations also provide some insights about temperature and solvent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Miletto
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Chiara Ivaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Enrica Gianotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Geo Paul
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Travagin
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco (DSF), Università del Piemonte Orientale, L.go Donegani 2, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco (DSF), Università del Piemonte Orientale, L.go Donegani 2, I-28100 Novara, Italy
- CAGE Chemicals srl, Via Bovio 6, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Alberto Fraccarollo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Davide Marchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Leonardo Marchese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, via T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
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Chen Y, Dong H, Zhang T, Liu Q. Solvothermal Synthesis of FDU-12 Derived Ni-Phyllosilicate Using Double Solvent of H2O and n-Pentane. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
Synthesis gas, or syngas for short, is a mixture of CO, CO2, and H2 [...]
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Abstract
CO2-derived methanol and dimethyl ether can play a very important role as fuels, energy carriers, and bulk chemicals. Methanol production from CO2 and renewable hydrogen is considered to be one of the most promising pathways to alleviate global warming. In turn, methanol could be subsequently dehydrated into DME; alternatively, one-step CO2 conversion to DME can be obtained by hydrogenation on bifunctional catalysts. In this light, four oxide catalysts with the same Cu and Zn content (Cu/Zn molar ratio = 2) were synthesized by calcining the corresponding CuZnAl LDH systems modified with Zr and/or Ce. The fresh ex-LDH catalysts were characterized in terms of composition, texture, structure, surface acidity and basicity, and reducibility. Structural and acid–base properties were also studied on H2-treated samples, on which specific metal surface area and dispersion of metallic Cu were determined as well. After in situ H2 treatment, the ex-LDH systems were tested as catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol at 250 °C and 3.0 MPa. In the same experimental conditions, CO2 conversion into dimethyl ether was studied on bifunctional catalysts obtained by physically mixing the ex-LDH hydrogenation catalysts with acid ferrierite or ZSM-5 zeolites. For both processes, the effect of the Al/Zr/Ce ratio on the products distribution was investigated.
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