A Three-Component Hybrid Templated by Asymmetric Viologen Exhibiting Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation on Dye Pollutant in Maritime Accident Seawater

Syntheses, structures, photoelectric properties and photocatalysis of iodobismuthate hybrids with lanthanide complex cations

New iodobismuthate hybrids with lanthanide complex counter cations, [Ln(DMF)₈][Bi₂I₉] (Ln = La (1), Eu (2)) and [Tb(DMF)₈]₂[Bi₂I₉]₂ (3) (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were prepared using solvated Ln(III) complexes formed in situ as structure-directing agents. The dimeric [Bi₂I₉]^3- anion moieties of compounds 1-3 are aggregated by two slightly twisted BiI₆ octahedra through face-sharing mode. The different crystal structures of 1-3 are due to the different I⋯I and C-H⋯I hydrogen bond interactions. Compounds 1-3 have narrow semiconducting band gaps at 2.23, 1.91 and 1.94 eV, respectively. Under Xe light irradiation, they exhibit steady photocurrent densities that are 1.81, 2.10 and 2.18 times higher than that of pure BiI₃, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited higher catalytic activities than 1 in the photodegradation of organic dyes CV and RhB, which are attributed to the stronger photocurrent response derived from the redox cycles of Eu³⁺/Eu²⁺ and Tb⁴⁺/Tb³⁺.

Recent advances on structural, thermal, vibrational, optical, phase transitions, and catalysis properties of alkylenediammonium halogenometallate materials (Metal: Bi, Sb, Halogen: Cl, Br, I)

This paper aims to review recent advances on synthesis, crystal structures, thermal, spectroscopic, phase transitions, optical, dielectric, and catalysis properties of hydrate and anhydrous alkylenediammonium halogenometallates materials (Metal: Bi, Sb, Halogen: Cl, Br, I). These hybrid materials present rich structural diversities based on octahedra forming infinite zero dimensional, 1-dimensional chains, 2-dimensional layers, discrete bioctahedra, and discrete tetramer units. The effect, contribution and importance of hydrogen bonding N–H … X (X: Cl, Br, I) are reviewed in terms of solid state relationship. Particularly, a comparative study is made on hydrate and anyhdrous aliphatic chlorobismuthates with alkylenediammonium +NH3(CH2) n NH3 + based on structural data and V/Z variation with (CH2) n chains (n = 2–8, 12), and variation of BiCl6 3− Raman frequencies modes versus (CH2) n chains (n = 3–8). Hydrate salts with (n = 3, 12) consist of isolated BiCl6 3− anions and two water molecules, against others ones with isolated anionic chains [BiCl5 2−] n or Bi2Cl10 4− dimers, formed by distorted octahedra BiCl6 3− sharing corners, vices or edges. The reviewed optical and electronic band gaps suggested interesting compounds with band gaps (1.85–2.4 eV), as suitable materials in optoelectronic properties, photoactive layer in solution-processed photovoltaics, and bio-imaging or photovoltaic applications. It was concluded that iodobismuthate salts have generally the lowest bands gap, compared to that of bromo and chlorobismuthate slats. Catalysis proprieties are reviewed n fast (RhB) degradation under dark conditions for (C4N2H7)4Bi2Cl10, (C5H9N2)BiI4, and {(H-BPA)4·[(BiI6)I13]·2I3} n , and in organic salts synthesis under solvent-free conditions. Herein NH3(CH2) n NH3BiCl5 (n = 5–7) salts were used as highly efficient catalysts, which is a novel tendency in chlorobismuthate researchs in the green chemistry field.