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Zhu Y, Wen K, Li B, Hao Y, Zhou J. Electrocatalytic Degradation of Phenolic Wastewater Using a Zero-Gap Flow-Through Reactor Coupled with a 3D Ti/RuO 2-TiO 2@Pt Electrode. Molecules 2024; 29:1182. [PMID: 38474694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the performance of a zero-gap flow-through reactor with three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti/RuO2-TiO2@Pt anodes was systematically investigated for the electrocatalytic oxidation of phenolic wastewater, considering phenol and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as the target pollutants. The optimum parameters for the electrochemical oxidation of phenol and 4-NP were examined. For phenol degradation, at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L, initial pH of 7, NaCl concentration of 10.0 g/L, current density of 10 mA/cm2, and retention time of 30 min, the degradation efficiency achieved was 95.05%, with an energy consumption of 15.39 kWh/kg; meanwhile, for 4-NP, the degradation efficiency was 98.42% and energy consumption was 19.21 kWh/kg (at an initial concentration of 40 mg/L, initial pH of 3, NaCl concentration of 10.0 g/L, current density of 10 mA/cm2, and retention time of 30 min). The electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol and 4-NP conformed to the pseudo-first-order kinetics model, and the k values were 0.2562 min-1 and 0.1736 min-1, respectively, which are 1.7 and 3.6-times higher than those of a conventional electrolyzer. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to verify the intermediates formed during the degradation of phenol or 4-NP and a possible degradation pathway was provided. The extremely narrow electrode distance and the flow-through configuration of the zero-gap flow-through reactor were thought to be essential for its lower energy consumption and higher mass transfer efficiency. The zero-gap flow-through reactor with a novel 3D porous Ti/RuO2-TiO2@Pt electrode is a superior alternative for the treatment of industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Kaiyue Wen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yirong Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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Doudey L, Samet B, Tounsi H, Kazemian H. Unlocking the potential of Tunisian dam sediment: optimizing zeolite X synthesis via Taguchi and Box-Behnken methods for sustainable resource recovery and versatile applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14574-14592. [PMID: 38273085 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The Tunisian Lebna dam sediment was utilized to create the zeolite faujasite type Na-X. The aim of this investigation is to optimize the yield of Na-X zeolite using alkaline fusion hydrothermal treatment. Taguchi orthogonal array design was employed with nine trials to explore operating parameters including fusion temperature and time, activator type, and sediment type. The efficiency of alkaline fusion was evaluated using acid solubility. After dissolving the optimal alkali-fused sample in water, the Box-Behnken plan was used to identify the influence of L/S ratio, crystallization temperature, and time on zeolite Na-X yield. Rietveld analysis identified the mineral phases in the sediment as quartz (82.0%), calcite (8.8%), kaolinite (6.0), and illite (1.2%). With a NaOH activator, 850 °C fusion temperature for 30 min, 15 L/S ratio, and 75 °C crystallization temperature for 4 days, highly crystalline zeolite Na-X was created. FTIR, TGA, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, and X-ray diffraction were used to thoroughly describe this sample. The findings reveal the substantial zeolitization potential of the raw Lebna dam sediment, resulting in a high yield of zeolite Na-X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Doudey
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials (LAMA), National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Soukra Road Km 4, 3038-1171, Sfax, Tunisia
- Materials Technology & Environmental Research (MATTER) Lab, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
- Northern Analytical Lab Services (Northern BC's Environmental and Climate Solutions Innovation Hub), University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Basma Samet
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials (LAMA), National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Soukra Road Km 4, 3038-1171, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hassib Tounsi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials (LAMA), National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Soukra Road Km 4, 3038-1171, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hossein Kazemian
- Materials Technology & Environmental Research (MATTER) Lab, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.
- Northern Analytical Lab Services (Northern BC's Environmental and Climate Solutions Innovation Hub), University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.
- Environmental Sciences Program, Faculty of Environment, University of Northern British Columbia, V2N4Z9, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.
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Wang H, Jing Y, Yu J, Ma B, Sui M, Zhu Y, Dai L, Yu S, Li M, Wang L. Micro/nanorobots for remediation of water resources and aquatic life. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1312074. [PMID: 38026904 PMCID: PMC10666170 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1312074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, global water scarcity is becoming a pressing issue, and the discharge of various pollutants leads to the biological pollution of water bodies, which further leads to the poisoning of living organisms. Consequently, traditional water treatment methods are proving inadequate in addressing the growing demands of various industries. As an effective and eco-friendly water treatment method, micro/nanorobots is making significant advancements. Based on researches conducted between 2019 and 2023 in the field of water pollution using micro/nanorobots, this paper comprehensively reviews the development of micro/nanorobots in water pollution control from multiple perspectives, including propulsion methods, decontamination mechanisms, experimental techniques, and water monitoring. Furthermore, this paper highlights current challenges and provides insights into the future development of the industry, providing guidance on biological water pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yizhan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiuzheng Yu
- Oil & Gas Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Ma
- State Engineering Laboratory of Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Field, Xi’an, China
| | - Mingyang Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Lizhou Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shimin Yu
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Mu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Devipriya B, Mohanan S, Surenjan A. CFD modelling of an immobilised photocatalytic reactor for phenol degradation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:2121-2135. [PMID: 37906462 PMCID: wst_2023_306 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process, which has been gaining attention as a sustainable technology for tackling pollution. Optimum design, fabrication and scaling up of novel photocatalytic reactors are faced with problems such as fabrication cost and numerous experimental trials for optimisation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a computer simulation technique can ease the process of scaling up photocatalytic reactors. The current study focuses on CFD modelling of a serpentine flow path photocatalytic reactor with curved baffles for phenol degradation. The investigation compared different reactor configurations to finalise the optimum design with maximum removal efficiency. Initially, a simple cuboidal reactor was chosen with an efficiency of 27%. However, with a serpentine flow path being introduced, the reactor displayed an improved efficiency of 42%. The addition of baffles improved flow homogeneity and degradation efficiency. The investigation showed that serpentine flow increased the residence time and fluid mixing, while the curved baffles prevented flow channelisation, which enhanced the degradation efficiency. Efficiencies corresponding to different baffle types and geometry were also compared and the final reactor design chosen was a horizontal curved baffled serpentine flow reactor with a flow rate of 0.3 L/s and improved efficiency of 43.1% for a residence time of 18.44 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Devipriya
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, P.O. Srinivasnagar, Mangalore 575025, India E-mail:
| | - Sreelal Mohanan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600036, India
| | - Anupama Surenjan
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, P.O. Srinivasnagar, Mangalore 575025, India
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Qamar MT, Iqbal S, Aslam M, Alhujaily A, Bilal A, Rizwan K, Farooq HMU, Sheikh TA, Bahadur A, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA, Almufarij RS, Elkaeed EB. Transition metal doped CeO 2 for photocatalytic removal of 2-chlorophenol in the exposure of indoor white light and antifungal activity. Front Chem 2023; 11:1126171. [PMID: 37201130 PMCID: PMC10186159 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1126171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides natural sunlight and expensive artificial lights, economical indoor white light can play a significant role in activating a catalyst for photocatalytic removal of organic toxins from contaminated water. In the current effort, CeO2 has been modified with Ni, Cu, and Fe through doping methodology to study the removal of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) in the illumination of 70 W indoor LED white light. The absence of additional diffractions due to the dopants and few changes such as reduction in peaks' height, minor peak shift at 2θ (28.525°) and peaks' broadening in XRD patterns of modified CeO2 verifies the successful doping of CeO2. The solid-state absorption spectra revealed higher absorbance of Cu-doped CeO2 whereas a lower absorption response was observed for Ni-doped CeO2. An interesting observation regarding the lowering of indirect bandgap energy of Fe-doped CeO2 (∼2.7 eV) and an increase in Ni-doped CeO2 (∼3.0 eV) in comparison to pristine CeO2 (∼2.9 eV) was noticed. The process of e -- h + recombination in the synthesized photocatalysts was also investigated through photoluminescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic studies revealed the greater photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped CeO2 with a higher rate (∼3.9 × 10-3 min-1) among all other materials. Moreover, kinetic studies also revealed the validation of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model (R2 = 0.9839) while removing 2-CP in the exposure of indoor light with a Fe-doped CeO2 photocatalyst. The XPS analysis revealed the existence of Fe3+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ core levels in doped CeO2. Using the agar well-diffusion method, the antifungal activity was assessed against the fungus M. fructicola and F. oxysporum. Compared to CeO2, Ni-doped CeO2, and Cu-doped CeO2 nanoparticles, the Fe-doped CeO2 nanoparticles have outstanding antifungal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Tariq Qamar
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Shahid Iqbal, ; Ali Bahadur, ; Eslam B. Elkaeed,
| | - M. Aslam
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alhujaily
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anum Bilal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | | | - Tahir Ali Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shahid Iqbal, ; Ali Bahadur, ; Eslam B. Elkaeed,
| | - Nasser S. Awwad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A. Ibrahium
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Semi Pilot Plant, Nuclear Materials Authority, El Maadi, Egypt
| | - Rasmiah S. Almufarij
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Shahid Iqbal, ; Ali Bahadur, ; Eslam B. Elkaeed,
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Pristine and X-doped (X=B, N) phosphorene as platform materials to the removal of phenol: a theoretical insight. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Stability Analysis of a Chemostat Model for Phenol and Sodium Salicylate Mixture Biodegradation. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we consider a mathematical continuous-time model for biodegradation of phenol in the presence of sodium salicylate in a chemostat. The model is described by a system of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Based on the dynamical systems theory we provide mathematical investigations of the model including local and global analysis of the solutions. The local analysis consist in computation of two equilibrium points—one interior and one boundary (washout) equilibrium—in dependance of the dilution rate as a key model parameter. The local asymptotic stability of the equilibria is also presented. The global analysis of the model solutions comprises proving existence, uniqueness and uniform boundedness of positive solutions, as well as global asymptotic stabilizability of the dynamics. The theoretical investigations are illustrated by some numerical examples. The results in this study can be used in practice as a tool to control and optimize the chemostat performance of simultaneous biodegradation of mixed substrates in wastewater.
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Shokri A, Sanavi Fard M. Employing electro-peroxone process for industrial wastewater treatment: a critical review. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wu P, Zhang Z, Luo Y, Bai Y, Fan J. Bioremediation of phenolic pollutants by algae - current status and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126930. [PMID: 35247559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrial production processes, especially petroleum processing, will produce high concentration phenolic wastewater. Traditional wastewater treatment technology is costly and may lead to secondary pollution. In order to avoid the adverse effects of incompletely treated phenolics, more advanced methods are required. Algae bioremediate phenolics through green pathways such as adsorption, bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and photodegradation. At the same time, the natural carbon fixation capacity of algae and its potential to produce high-value products make algal wastewater treatment technology economically feasible. This paper reviews the environmental impact of several types of phenolic pollutants in wastewater and different strategies to improve bioremediation efficiency. This paper focuses on the progress of algae removing phenols by different mechanisms and the potential of algae biomass for further biofuel production. This technology holds great promise, but more research on practical wastewater treatment at an industrial scale is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhaofei Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yeling Luo
- Department of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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