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Saulnier-Bellemare T, Patience GS. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis of Glucose to Lactic Acid and Lactates: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23121-23137. [PMID: 38854556 PMCID: PMC11154925 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The current societal demand to replace polymers derived from petroleum with sustainable bioplastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) has motivated industry to commercialize ever-larger facilities for biobased monomers like lactic acid. Even though most of the lactic acid is produced by fermentation, long reaction times and high capital costs compromise the economics and thus limit the appeal of biotechnological processes. Catalytic conversion of hexose from biomass is a burgeoning alternative to fermentation. Here we identify catalysts to convert glucose to lactic acid, along with their proposed mechanisms. High Lewis acidity makes erbium salts among the most active homogeneous catalysts, while solvent coordination with the metal species polarize the substrate, increasing the catalytic activity. For heterogeneous catalysts, Sn-containing bimetallic systems combine the high Lewis acidity of Sn while moderating it with another metal, thus decreasing byproducts. Hierarchical bimetallic Sn-Beta zeolites combine a high number of open sites catalyzing glucose isomerization in the mesoporous regions and the confinement effect assisting fructose retro-aldol in microporous regions, yielding up to 67% lactic acid from glucose. Loss of activity is still an issue for heterogeneous catalysts, mostly due to solvent adsorption on the active sites, coke formation, and metal leaching, which impedes its large scale adoption.
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Liu X, Zhang Q, Wang R, Li H. Sustainable Conversion of Biomass-derived Carbohydrates into Lactic Acid Using Heterogeneous Catalysts. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346106666191127123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to the exploration of environmentalfriendly
and alternative resources to prepare basic chemicals for relieving the stress of fossil resources
and environmental issues. Lactic acid (LA, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid), the biomass-derived platform
molecule, has been used intensively in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Considering the fermentation
method for lactic acid production possesses environmental impact and high-cost issues, chemocatalytic
approaches to manufacturing LA from biomass have attracted much attention due to higher selectivities
and lower costs. This paper emphasizes a review on the state-of-the-art production of LA from triose,
hexose, cellulose and other biomass over heterogeneous acidic and alkaline catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Liu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Fruit Processing, Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Qiuyun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, 561000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Fruit Processing, Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Solvent-Free Approaches in Carbohydrate Synthetic Chemistry: Role of Catalysis in Reactivity and Selectivity. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their abundance in biomass and availability at a low cost, carbohydrates are very useful precursors for products of interest in a broad range of scientific applications. For example, they can be either converted into basic chemicals or used as chiral precursors for the synthesis of potentially bioactive molecules, even including nonsaccharide targets; in addition, there is also a broad interest toward the potential of synthetic sugar-containing structures in the field of functional materials. Synthetic elaboration of carbohydrates, in both the selective modification of functional groups and the assembly of oligomeric structures, is not trivial and often entails experimentally demanding approaches practiced by specialized groups. Over the last years, a large number of solvent-free synthetic methods have appeared in the literature, often being endowed with several advantages such as greenness, experimental simplicity, and a larger scope than analogous reactions in solution. Most of these methods are catalytically promoted, and the catalyst often plays a key role in the selectivity associated with the process. This review aims to describe the significant recent contributions in the solvent-free synthetic chemistry of carbohydrates, devoting a special critical focus on both the mechanistic role of the catalysts employed and the differences evidenced so far with corresponding methods in solution.
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Chemocatalytic Production of Lactates from Biomass-Derived Sugars. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/7617685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, a great deal of attention has been paid to the exploration of alternative and sustainable resources to produce biofuels and valuable chemicals, with aims of reducing the reliance on depleting confined fossil resources and alleviating serious economic and environmental issues. In line with this, lignocellulosic biomass-derived lactic acid (LA, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid), to be identified as an important biomass-derived commodity chemical, has found wide applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In spite of the current fermentation of saccharides to produce lactic acid, sustainability issues such as environmental impact and high cost derived from the relative separation and purification process will be growing with the increasing demands of necessary orders. Alternatively, chemocatalytic approaches to manufacture LA from biomass (i.e., inedible cellulose) have attracted extensive attention, which may give rise to higher productivity and lower costs related to product work-up. This work presents a review of the state-of-the-art for the production of LA using homogeneous, heterogeneous acid, and base catalysts, from sugars and real biomass like rice straw, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding bio-based esters lactate which could serve as green solvents, produced from biomass with chemocatalysis, is also discussed. Advantages of heterogeneous catalytic reaction systems are emphasized. Guidance is suggested to improve the catalytic performance of heterogeneous catalysts for the production of LA.
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Li S, Deng W, Wang S, Wang P, An D, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Catalytic Transformation of Cellulose and Its Derivatives into Functionalized Organic Acids. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:1995-2028. [PMID: 29714048 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is a promising renewable and abundant resource for the production of high-value chemicals, in particular, organic oxygenates, because of its high oxygen/carbon ratio. The sustainable production of hydroxycarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids, such as gluconic/glucaric acid, lactic acid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, and terephthalic acid, most of which are monomers of key polymers, have attracted much attention in recent years. The synthesis of these organic acids from cellulose generally involves several tandem reaction steps, and thus, multifunctional catalysts that can catalyze the selective activation of specific C-O or C-C bonds hold the key. This review highlights recent advances in the development of efficient catalytic systems and new strategies for the selective conversion of cellulose or its derived carbohydrates into functionalized organic acids. The reaction mechanism is discussed to offer deep insights into the regioselective cleavage of C-O or C-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Weiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Dongli An
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yanyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
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Sánchez-Chávez AC, Mendoza-Figueroa HL, Oliveros-Cruz S, Torres-Cardona MD, Luján-Montelongo JA, Polindara-García LA. “Eco-Friendly” Epimerization of Lutein to 3′-Epilutein Under Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Conditions by Using a Strongly Acidic Cation-Exchange Resin. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anahí C. Sánchez-Chávez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Humberto L. Mendoza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV-IPN); Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508 07360 Ciudad de México San Pedro Zacatenco México
| | - Saray Oliveros-Cruz
- Piveg, S. de R. L. de C. V.; Camino a San José de Guanajuato, s/n Ex-Hacienda de Estrada 38020 Celaya Guanajuato México
| | - Mario D. Torres-Cardona
- Piveg, S. de R. L. de C. V.; Camino a San José de Guanajuato, s/n Ex-Hacienda de Estrada 38020 Celaya Guanajuato México
| | - J. Armando Luján-Montelongo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV-IPN); Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508 07360 Ciudad de México San Pedro Zacatenco México
| | - Luis A. Polindara-García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de México México
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