1
|
Piccoli MB, Gulotta FA, Montenegro MA, Vanden Braber NL, Paz Zanini VI, Ferreyra NF. Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase onto Montmorillonite/Glucosamine-Chitosan Composite for Electrochemical Biosensing of Polyphenols. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:278. [PMID: 38920582 PMCID: PMC11201438 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Glucosamine-chitosan synthesized by the Maillard reaction was combined with montmorillonite to obtain a nanohybrid composite to immobilize horseradish peroxidase. The material combines the advantageous properties of clay with those of the chitosan derivative; has improved water solubility and reduced molecular weight and viscosity; involves an eco-friendly synthesis; and exhibits ion exchange capacity, good adhesiveness, and a large specific surface area for enzyme adsorption. The physicochemical characteristics of the composite were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to determine clay-polycation interactions. The electrochemical response of the different polyphenols to glassy carbon electrodes modified with the composite was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The sensitivity and detection limit values obtained with the biosensor toward hydroquinone, chlorogenic acid, catechol, and resorcinol are (1.6 ± 0.2) × 102 µA mM-1 and (74 ± 8) nM; (1.2 ± 0.1) × 102 µA mM-1 and (26 ± 3) nM; (16 ± 2) µA mM-1 and (0.74 ± 0.09) μM; and (3.7± 0.3) µA mM-1 and (3.3 ± 0.2) μM, respectively. The biosensor was applied to quantify polyphenols in pennyroyal and lemon verbena extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Piccoli
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC-UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina;
| | | | - Mariana Angélica Montenegro
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María X5220XAO, Argentina; (M.A.M.); (N.L.V.B.)
| | - Noelia Luciana Vanden Braber
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT-VM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María X5220XAO, Argentina; (M.A.M.); (N.L.V.B.)
| | - Verónica Irene Paz Zanini
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero G4206XCP, Argentina
| | - Nancy Fabiana Ferreyra
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC-UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Santos MPF, Ferreira MA, Junior ECS, Bonomo RCF, Veloso CM. Functionalized activated carbon as support for trypsin immobilization and its application in casein hydrolysis. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1651-1664. [PMID: 37728765 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to immobilize trypsin on activated carbon submitted to different surface modifications and its application in casein hydrolysis. With the aim of determining which support can promote better maintenance of the immobilized enzyme. Results showed that pH 5.0 was obtained as optimal for immobilization and pH 9.0 for the casein hydrolysis reaction for activated carbon and glutaraldehyde functionalized carbon. Among the supports used, activated carbon modified with iron ions in the presence of a chelating agent was the one that showed best results, under the conditions evaluated in this study. Presenting an immobilization yield of 95.15% and a hydrolytic activity of 4.11 U, same as soluble enzyme (3.76 U). This derivative kept its activity stable at temperatures above 40 °C for1 h and when stored for 30 days at 5 °C. Furthermore, it was effective for more than 6 reuse cycles (under the same conditions as the 1st cycle). In general, immobilization of trypsin on metallized activated carbon can be an alternative to biocatalysis, highlighting the advantages of protease immobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus P F Santos
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga, BA, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus A Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Agronomy, State University of Southwest Bahia, Estrada Bem Querer, km-04 s/n, Vitória da Conquista, BA, 45083-900, Brazil
| | - Evaldo C S Junior
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga, BA, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Renata C F Bonomo
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga, BA, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane M Veloso
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga, BA, 45700-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Immobilization of recombinant L-asparaginase from Geobacillus kaustophilus on magnetic MWCNT-nickel composites. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
4
|
Semproli R, Simona Robescu M, Sangiorgio S, Pargoletti E, Bavaro T, Rabuffetti M, Cappelletti G, Speranza G, Ubiali D. From Lactose to Alkyl Galactoside Fatty Acid Esters as Non-Ionic Biosurfactants: A Two-Step Enzymatic Approach to Cheese Whey Valorization. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200331. [PMID: 36592040 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A library of alkyl galactosides was synthesized to provide the "polar head" of sugar fatty acid esters to be tested as non-ionic surfactants. The enzymatic transglycosylation of lactose resulted in alkyl β-D-galactopyranosides, whereas the Fischer glycosylation of galactose afforded isomeric mixtures of α- and β-galactopyranosides and α- and β-galactofuranosides. n-Butyl galactosides from either routes were enzymatically esterified with palmitic acid, used as the fatty acid "tail" of the surfactant, giving the corresponding n-butyl 6-O-palmitoyl-galactosides. Measurements of interfacial tension and emulsifying properties of n-butyl 6-O-palmitoyl-galactosides revealed that the esters of galactopyranosides are superior to those of galactofuranosides, and that the enantiopure n-butyl 6-O-palmitoyl-β-D-galactoside, prepared by the fully enzymatic route, leads to the most stable emulsion. These results pave the way to the use of lactose-rich cheese whey as raw material for the obtainment of bio-based surfactants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Semproli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, I-27100, Italy
| | - Marina Simona Robescu
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, I-27100, Italy
| | - Sara Sangiorgio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, Milano, I-20133, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pargoletti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, Milano, I-20133, Italy
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, I-27100, Italy
| | - Marco Rabuffetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, Milano, I-20133, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappelletti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, Milano, I-20133, Italy
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, Milano, I-20133, Italy
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, I-27100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alagöz D, Toprak A, Varan NE, Yildirim D, Tükel SS. Effective immobilization of lactate dehydrogenase onto mesoporous silica. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2550-2560. [PMID: 34962677 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study presents that covalent immobilization technique has been utilized for the immobilization of l-lactate dehydrogenase (l-LDH) from porcine on mesoporous silica. To develop mesoporous silica as support material for use in l-LDH immobilization, the particle surfaces were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and further conjugated with glutaraldehyde. The effect of some parameters such as glutaraldehyde concentration, immobilization pH, initial enzyme concentration, and immobilization time was investigated and the optimum conditions for these parameters were determined as 1% (w/v), pH 8.0, 1 mg/ml, and 120 min, respectively. The maximum working pH and temperature for the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate reaction were determined as 10.0 and 35°C for free and 9.0 and 40°C for immobilized l-LDH, respectively. The kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax ) of l-LDH for the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate reaction were examined as 1.02 mM and 7.58 U/mg protein for free and 0.635 mM and 1.7 U/mg protein for immobilized l-LDH, respectively. Moreover, the immobilized l-LDH was 1.3-fold more stable than free l-LDH at 25°C according to calculated t1/2 values. The immobilized l-LDH retained 80% of its initial activity in a batch reactor after 14 reuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Alagöz
- Imamoglu Vocational School, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ali Toprak
- Acigol Vocational School, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Ece Varan
- Chemistry Department, Sciences & Letters Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yildirim
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ceyhan Engineering Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - S Seyhan Tükel
- Chemistry Department, Sciences & Letters Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Carballares D, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rocha-Martin J. Immobilization-stabilization of the dimeric D-amino acid oxidase from porcine kidney. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Alagöz D, Varan NE, Yildirim D, Fernandéz-Lafuente R. Optimization of the immobilization of xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus to produce xylooligosaccharides in a batch type reactor. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
8
|
Singh RV, Sambyal K. β-galactosidase as an industrial enzyme: production and potential. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
9
|
Costa GP, Spolidoro LS, Manfroi V, Rodrigues RC, Hertz PF. α‐Acetolactate Decarboxylase Immobilized in Chitosan: A Highly Stable Biocatalyst to Prevent Off‐Flavor in Beer. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 38:e3295. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo P. Costa
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Luiza S. Spolidoro
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Vitor Manfroi
- Food Technology Department Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, ZC Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Plinho Francisco Hertz
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bolivar JM, Woodley JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6251-6290. [PMID: 35838107 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00083k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use the technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of the field. One clear reason is that many evaluate immobilization based on only a few experiments that are not always well-designed. In contrast to many other reviews on the subject, here we highlight the pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols and explain why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained. We also describe solutions to overcome these challenges and come to the conclusion that recent developments in material science, bioprocess engineering and protein science continue to open new opportunities for the future. In this way, enzyme immobilization, far from being a mature discipline, remains as a subject of high interest and where intense research is still necessary to take full advantage of the possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- FQPIMA group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Morellon-Sterling R, Tavano O, Bolivar JM, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Vela-Gutiérrez G, Sabir JSM, Tacias-Pascacio VG, Fernandez-Lafuente R. A review on the immobilization of pepsin: A Lys-poor enzyme that is unstable at alkaline pH values. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:682-702. [PMID: 35508226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pepsin is a protease used in many different applications, and in many instances, it is utilized in an immobilized form to prevent contamination of the reaction product. This enzyme has two peculiarities that make its immobilization complex. The first one is related to the poor presence of primary amino groups on its surface (just one Lys and the terminal amino group). The second one is its poor stability at alkaline pH values. Both features make the immobilization of this enzyme to be considered a complicated goal, as most of the immobilization protocols utilize primary amino groups for immobilization. This review presents some of the attempts to get immobilized pepsin biocatalyst and their applications. The high density of anionic groups (Asp and Glu) make the anion exchange of the enzyme simpler, but this makes many of the strategies utilized to immobilize the enzyme (e.g., amino-glutaraldehyde supports) more related to a mixed ion exchange/hydrophobic adsorption than to real covalent immobilization. Finally, we propose some possibilities that can permit not only the covalent immobilization of this enzyme, but also their stabilization via multipoint covalent attachment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Morellon-Sterling
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Student of Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Juan M Bolivar
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Complutense Ave., Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Gilber Vela-Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alagöz D, Varan NE, Toprak A, Yildirim D, Tukel SS, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of xylanase on differently functionalized silica gel supports for orange juice clarification. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
13
|
Santos MPF, Porfírio MCP, Junior ECS, Bonomo RCF, Veloso CM. Pepsin immobilization: Influence of carbon support functionalization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:67-79. [PMID: 35090943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Among the matrices for enzyme immobilization, activated carbon has been standing out in immobilization processes due to its properties and to its characteristics that provide superficial modification by inserting new functional groups capable of binding the enzymes forming covalent bonds. In this study the effect of different modification methods of activated carbon (functionalization with genipin, metallization, metallization in the presence of chelating agent, and functionalization with glutaraldehyde) on efficiency of pepsin immobilization was evaluated. The effect of immobilization pH and the reaction medium on hydrolysis activity of bovine casein was also evaluated. The functionalization of activated carbon using iron ions allowed an immobilization capacity of 98.93 mg·g-1, with immobilization efficiency greater than 99%, and enzyme activity of 2.30 U, which was higher than the other modifications, and closer to the enzyme in the native form activity (3.32 U). In general, the carbon surface modifications were responsible for forming more stable bonds between support and enzyme, improving its proteolytic activity (from 1.84 to 2.30 U) when compared to traditional immobilization methods by adsorption and covalent binding using glutaraldehyde (from 1.04 to 1.1 U).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus P F Santos
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Marjorie C P Porfírio
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Evaldo C S Junior
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Renata C F Bonomo
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Cristiane M Veloso
- Process Engineering Laboratory, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, km 04, s/n, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rodrigues RC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Carballares D, Morellon-Sterling R, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Stabilization of enzymes via immobilization: Multipoint covalent attachment and other stabilization strategies. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 52:107821. [PMID: 34455028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of enzymes in industrial processes requires the improvement of their features in many instances. Enzyme immobilization, a requirement to facilitate the recovery and reuse of these water-soluble catalysts, is one of the tools that researchers may utilize to improve many of their properties. This review is focused on how enzyme immobilization may improve enzyme stability. Starting from the stabilization effects that an enzyme may experience by the mere fact of being inside a solid particle, we detail other possibilities to stabilize enzymes: generation of favorable enzyme environments, prevention of enzyme subunit dissociation in multimeric enzymes, generation of more stable enzyme conformations, or enzyme rigidification via multipoint covalent attachment. In this last point, we will discuss the features of an "ideal" immobilization protocol to maximize the intensity of the enzyme-support interactions. The most interesting active groups in the support (glutaraldehyde, epoxide, glyoxyl and vinyl sulfone) will be also presented, discussing their main properties and uses. Some instances in which the number of enzyme-support bonds is not directly related to a higher stabilization will be also presented. Finally, the possibility of coupling site-directed mutagenesis or chemical modification to get a more intense multipoint covalent immobilization will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Rodrigues
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology Lab, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Carballares
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tacias-Pascacio VG, Morellon-Sterling R, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Kamli MR, Tavano O, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of papain: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:94-113. [PMID: 34375660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Papain is a cysteine protease from papaya, with many applications due to its broad specificity. This paper reviews for first time the immobilization of papain on different supports (organic, inorganic or hybrid supports) presenting some of the features of the utilized immobilization strategies (e.g., epoxide, glutaraldehyde, genipin, glyoxyl for covalent immobilization). Special focus is placed on the preparation of magnetic biocatalysts, which will permit the simple recovery of the biocatalyst even if the medium is a suspension. Problems specific to the immobilization of proteases (e.g., steric problems when hydrolyzing large proteins) are also defined. The benefits of a proper immobilization (enzyme stabilization, widening of the operation window) are discussed, together with some artifacts that may suggest an enzyme stabilization that may be unrelated to enzyme rigidification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Roberto Morellon-Sterling
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Student of Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External advisory board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Immobilization of the Peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita. The Effect of the Immobilization pH on the Features of an Ionically Exchanged Dimeric Peroxygenase. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11050560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper outlines the immobilization of the recombinant dimeric unspecific peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita (rAaeUPO). The enzyme was quite stable (remaining unaltered its activity after 35 h at 47 °C and pH 7.0). Phosphate destabilized the enzyme, while glycerol stabilized it. The enzyme was not immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose supports, while it was immobilized albeit in inactive form on vinyl-sulfone-activated supports. rAaeUPO immobilization on glutaraldehyde pre-activated supports gave almost quantitative immobilization yield and retained some activity, but the biocatalyst was very unstable. Its immobilization via anion exchange on PEI supports also produced good immobilization yields, but the rAaeUPO stability dropped. However, using aminated agarose, the enzyme retained stability and activity. The stability of the immobilized enzyme strongly depended on the immobilization pH, being much less stable when rAaeUPO was adsorbed at pH 9.0 than when it was immobilized at pH 7.0 or pH 5.0 (residual activity was almost 0 for the former and 80% for the other preparations), presenting stability very similar to that of the free enzyme. This is a very clear example of how the immobilization pH greatly affects the final biocatalyst performance.
Collapse
|
17
|
Braham SA, Siar EH, Arana-Peña S, Bavandi H, Carballares D, Morellon-Sterling R, de Andrades D, Kornecki JF, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Positive effect of glycerol on the stability of immobilized enzymes: Is it a universal fact? Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
18
|
Morellon-Sterling R, Siar EH, Braham SA, de Andrades D, Pedroche J, Millán MDC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Effect of amine length in the interference of the multipoint covalent immobilization of enzymes on glyoxyl agarose beads. J Biotechnol 2021; 329:128-142. [PMID: 33600890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, penicillin G acylase and ficin extract have been stabilized by immobilization on glyoxyl agarose, adding different aliphatic compounds bearing a primary amine group during the immobilization: ethyl amine, butyl amine, hexyl amine (at concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 mM) and octyl amine (from 0 to 10 mM) to analyze their effects on the immobilized enzyme stability. As expected, the presence of amines reduced the intensity of the enzyme-support multipoint covalent attachment, and therefore the enzyme stability. However, it is clear that this effect is higher using octyl amine for all enzymes (in some cases the enzyme immobilized in the presence of 10 mM octyl amine was almost inactivated while the reference kept over 50 % of the initial activity). This way, it seems that the most important effect of the presence of aminated compounds came from the generation of steric hindrances to the enzyme/support multi-reaction promoted by the ammines that are interacting with the aldehyde groups. In some instances, just 1 mM of aminated compounds is enough to greatly decrease enzyme stability. The results suggested that, if the composition of the enzyme extract is unknown, to eliminate small aminated compounds may be necessary to maximize the enzyme-support reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - El-Hocine Siar
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Madrid, Spain; Transformation and Food Product Elaboration Laboratory, Nutrition and Food, Technology Institute (INATAA), University of Brothers Mentouri Constantine 1, Algeria
| | - Sabrina Ait Braham
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Madrid, Spain; Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Diandra de Andrades
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Madrid, Spain; Biotechnology, Bioprocess, and Biocatalysis Group, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Justo Pedroche
- Group of Plant Proteins, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Mª Del Carmen Millán
- Group of Plant Proteins, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Effect of Concentrated Salts Solutions on the Stability of Immobilized Enzymes: Influence of Inactivation Conditions and Immobilization Protocol. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040968. [PMID: 33673063 PMCID: PMC7918437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the effects of some salts (NaCl, (NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4) at pH 5.0, 7.0 and 9.0 on the stability of 13 different immobilized enzymes: five lipases, three proteases, two glycosidases, and one laccase, penicillin G acylase and catalase. The enzymes were immobilized to prevent their aggregation. Lipases were immobilized via interfacial activation on octyl agarose or on glutaraldehyde-amino agarose beads, proteases on glyoxyl agarose or glutaraldehyde-amino agarose beads. The use of high concentrations of salts usually has some effects on enzyme stability, but the intensity and nature of these effects depends on the inactivation pH, nature and concentration of the salt, enzyme and immobilization protocol. The same salt can be a stabilizing or a destabilizing agent for a specific enzyme depending on its concentration, inactivation pH and immobilization protocol. Using lipases, (NH4)2SO4 generally permits the highest stabilities (although this is not a universal rule), but using the other enzymes this salt is in many instances a destabilizing agent. At pH 9.0, it is more likely to find a salt destabilizing effect than at pH 7.0. Results confirm the difficulty of foreseeing the effect of high concentrations of salts in a specific immobilized enzyme.
Collapse
|
20
|
Alagöz D, Toprak A, Yildirim D, Tükel SS, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Modified silicates and carbon nanotubes for immobilization of lipase from Rhizomucor miehei: Effect of support and immobilization technique on the catalytic performance of the immobilized biocatalysts. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 144:109739. [PMID: 33541574 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (RML) was covalently immobilized on different supports, two silica gels and two carbon nanotube samples, using two different strategies. RML was immobilized on 3-carboxypropyl silica gel (RML@Si-COOH) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes containing carboxylic acid functionalities (RML@MCNT-COOH) using a two-step carbodiimide activation/immobilization reaction. Moreover, the enzyme was also immobilized on 3-aminopropyl silica (RML@Si-Glu) and single-wall carbon nanotubes functionalized with 3-APTES and activated with glutaraldehyde (RML@SCNT-Glu). Before and after RML immobilization, the structurel properties of supports were characterized and compared in detail. After immobilization, the expressed activities were 36.9, 90.2, 16.9, and 26.1 % for RML@Si-COOH, RML@Si-Glu, RML@MCNT-COOH, and RML@SCNT-Glu, respectively. The kinetic parameters of free and immobilized RML samples were determined for three substrates, p-nitrophenyl acetate, p-nitrophenyl butyrate and p-nitrophenyl palmitate, and RML@Si-Glu showed higher catalytic efficiency than the other immobilized RML samples. RML@Si-COOH, RML@Si-Glu, RML@MCNT-COOH, and RML@SCNT-Glu exhibited 5.8, 7.6, 4.2 and 4.6 folds longer half-life values than those of the free enzyme at pH 7.5 and 40 °C. Recyclability studies showed that all the immobilized RML biocatalysts retained over 90 % of their initial activities after ten cycles in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl butyrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Alagöz
- Cukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Ali Toprak
- Cukurova University, Sciences & Letters Faculty, Chemistry Department, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yildirim
- Cukurova University, Ceyhan Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Adana, Turkey
| | - S Seyhan Tükel
- Cukurova University, Sciences & Letters Faculty, Chemistry Department, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento De Biocatalisis, ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Crue 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, Member of The External Scientific Advisory Board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wahba MI, Hassan ME, Ali KA. Chitosan-glutaraldehyde activated carrageenan-alginate beads for β-D-galactosidase covalent immobilisation. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2020.1832476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I. Wahba
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Centre of Scientific Excellence-Group of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hassan
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Centre of Scientific Excellence-Group of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Korany A. Ali
- Centre of Scientific Excellence-Group of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Enzyme-Coated Micro-Crystals: An Almost Forgotten but Very Simple and Elegant Immobilization Strategy. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immobilization of enzymes using protein coated micro-crystals (PCMCs) was reported for the first time in 2001 by Kreiner and coworkers. The strategy is very simple. First, an enzyme solution must be prepared in a concentrated solution of one compound (salt, sugar, amino acid) very soluble in water and poorly soluble in a water-soluble solvent. Then, the enzyme solution is added dropwise to the water soluble solvent under rapid stirring. The components accompanying the enzyme are called the crystal growing agents, the solvent being the dehydrating agent. This strategy permits the rapid dehydration of the enzyme solution drops, resulting in a crystallization of the crystal formation agent, and the enzyme is deposited on this crystal surface. The reaction medium where these biocatalysts can be used is marked by the solubility of the PCMC components, and usually these biocatalysts may be employed in water soluble organic solvents with a maximum of 20% water. The evolution of these PCMC was to chemically crosslink them and further improve their stabilities. Moreover, the PCMC strategy has been used to coimmobilize enzymes or enzymes and cofactors. The immobilization may permit the use of buffers as crystal growth agents, enabling control of the reaction pH in the enzyme environments. Usually, the PCMC biocatalysts are very stable and more active than other biocatalysts of the same enzyme. However, this simple (at least at laboratory scale) immobilization strategy is underutilized even when the publications using it systematically presented a better performance of them in organic solvents than that of many other immobilized biocatalysts. In fact, many possibilities and studies using this technique are lacking. This review tried to outline the possibilities of this useful immobilization strategy.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kornecki JF, Carballares D, Morellon-Sterling R, Siar EH, Kashefi S, Chafiaa M, Arana-Peña S, Rios NS, Gonçalves LR, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Influence of phosphate anions on the stability of immobilized enzymes. Effect of enzyme nature, immobilization protocol and inactivation conditions. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
24
|
Becaro AA, Mendes AA, Adriano WS, Lopes LA, Vanzolini KL, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Tardioli PW, Cass QB, Giordano RDLC. Immobilization and stabilization of d-hydantoinase from Vigna angularis and its use in the production of N-carbamoyl-d-phenylglycine. Improvement of the reaction yield by allowing chemical racemization of the substrate. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
25
|
Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhong T, Feng X. Optimal spacer arm microenvironment for the immobilization of recombinant Protein A on heterofunctional amino-epoxy agarose supports. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
26
|
|
27
|
Dal Magro L, Kornecki JF, Klein MP, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Pectin lyase immobilization using the glutaraldehyde chemistry increases the enzyme operation range. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 132:109397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
28
|
Genipin as An Emergent Tool in the Design of Biocatalysts: Mechanism of Reaction and Applications. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9121035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genipin is a reagent isolated from the Gardenia jasminoides fruit extract, and whose low toxicity and good crosslinking properties have converted it into a reactive whose popularity is increasing by the day. These properties have made it widely used in many medical applications, mainly in the production of chitosan materials (crosslinked by this reactive), biological scaffolds for tissue engineering, and nanoparticles of chitosan and nanogels of proteins for controlled drug delivery, the genipin crosslinking being a key point to strengthen the stability of these materials. This review is focused on the mechanism of reaction of this reagent and its use in the design of biocatalysts, where genipin plays a double role, as a support activating agent and as inter- or intramolecular crosslinker. Its low toxicity makes this compound an ideal alterative to glutaraldehyde in these processes. Moreover, in some cases the features of the biocatalysts prepared using genipin surpassed those of the biocatalysts prepared using other standard crosslinkers, even disregarding toxicity. In this way, genipin is a very promising reagent in the design of biocatalysts.
Collapse
|
29
|
Pinheiro MP, Monteiro RR, Silva FF, Lemos TL, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Gonçalves LR, dos Santos JC. Modulation of Lecitase properties via immobilization on differently activated Immobead-350: Stabilization and inversion of enantiospecificity. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
30
|
Monteiro RRC, Neto DMA, Fechine PBA, Lopes AAS, Gonçalves LRB, dos Santos JCS, de Souza MCM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Ethyl Butyrate Synthesis Catalyzed by Lipases A and B from Candida antarctica Immobilized onto Magnetic Nanoparticles. Improvement of Biocatalysts' Performance under Ultrasonic Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225807. [PMID: 31752306 PMCID: PMC6888514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of ethyl butyrate catalyzed by lipases A (CALA) or B (CALB) from Candida antarctica immobilized onto magnetic nanoparticles (MNP), CALA-MNP and CALB-MNP, respectively, is hereby reported. MNPs were prepared by co-precipitation, functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, activated with glutaraldehyde, and then used as support to immobilize either CALA or CALB (immobilization yield: 100 ± 1.2% and 57.6 ± 3.8%; biocatalysts activities: 198.3 ± 2.7 Up-NPB/g and 52.9 ± 1.7 Up-NPB/g for CALA-MNP and CALB-MNP, respectively). X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicated the production of a magnetic nanomaterial with a diameter of 13.0 nm, whereas Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated functionalization, activation and enzyme immobilization. To determine the optimum conditions for the synthesis, a four-variable Central Composite Design (CCD) (biocatalyst content, molar ratio, temperature and time) was performed. Under optimized conditions (1:1, 45 °C and 6 h), it was possible to achieve 99.2 ± 0.3% of conversion for CALA-MNP (10 mg) and 97.5 ± 0.8% for CALB-MNP (12.5 mg), which retained approximately 80% of their activity after 10 consecutive cycles of esterification. Under ultrasonic irradiation, similar conversions were achieved but at 4 h of incubation, demonstrating the efficiency of ultrasound technology in the enzymatic synthesis of esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolpho R. C. Monteiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, CEP 60455760, Fortaleza 60000-000, CE, Brazil; (R.R.C.M.); (L.R.B.G.)
| | - Davino M. Andrade Neto
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760, Fortaleza 60000-000, CE, Brazil; (D.M.A.N.); (P.B.A.F.)
| | - Pierre B. A. Fechine
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760, Fortaleza 60000-000, CE, Brazil; (D.M.A.N.); (P.B.A.F.)
| | - Ada A. S. Lopes
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, CEP 62790970, Redenção 68550-000, CE, Brazil;
| | - Luciana R. B. Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, CEP 60455760, Fortaleza 60000-000, CE, Brazil; (R.R.C.M.); (L.R.B.G.)
| | - José C. S. dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, CEP 62790970, Redenção 68550-000, CE, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (J.C.S.d.S.); (M.C.M.d.S.); (R.F.-L.); Tel.: +55-85-3332-6109 (J.C.S.d.S. & M.C.M.d.S.); +34-915-854-941 (R.F.-L.)
| | - Maria C. M. de Souza
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, CEP 62790970, Redenção 68550-000, CE, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (J.C.S.d.S.); (M.C.M.d.S.); (R.F.-L.); Tel.: +55-85-3332-6109 (J.C.S.d.S. & M.C.M.d.S.); +34-915-854-941 (R.F.-L.)
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.S.d.S.); (M.C.M.d.S.); (R.F.-L.); Tel.: +55-85-3332-6109 (J.C.S.d.S. & M.C.M.d.S.); +34-915-854-941 (R.F.-L.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dal Magro L, Kornecki JF, Klein MP, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Optimized immobilization of polygalacturonase from Aspergillus niger following different protocols: Improved stability and activity under drastic conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:234-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
32
|
Flores EEE, Cardoso FD, Siqueira LB, Ricardi NC, Costa TH, Rodrigues RC, Klein MP, Hertz PF. Influence of reaction parameters in the polymerization between genipin and chitosan for enzyme immobilization. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
33
|
Dal Magro L, de Moura KS, Backes BE, de Menezes EW, Benvenutti EV, Nicolodi S, Klein MP, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues RC. Immobilization of pectinase on chitosan-magnetic particles: Influence of particle preparation protocol on enzyme properties for fruit juice clarification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00373. [PMID: 31516853 PMCID: PMC6728273 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic-chitosan particles were prepared following three different protocols enabling the preparation of particles with different sizes - nano (Nano-CMag, Micro (Micro-CMag) and Macro (Macro-CMag) - and used for pectinase immobilization and clarification of grape, apple and orange juices. The particle size had a great effect in the kinetic parameters, Nano-CMag biocatalyst presented the highest Vmax value (78.95 mg. min-1), followed by Micro-CMag and Macro-CMag, with Vmax of 57.20 mg.min-1 and 46.03 mg.min-1, respectively. However, the highest thermal stability was achieved using Macro-CMag, that was 8 and 3-times more stable than Nano-CMag and Micro-CMag biocatalysts, respectively. Pectinase immobilized on Macro-CMag kept 85% of its initial activity after 25 batch cycles in orange juice clarification. These results suggested that the chitosan magnetic biocatalysts presented great potential application as clarifying catalysts for the fruit juice industry and the great importance of the chitosan particles preparation on the final biocatalyst properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Dal Magro
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Biocatalysis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, ZC 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kelly Silva de Moura
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Betina Elys Backes
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliana Weber de Menezes
- Laboratory of Solids and Surfaces, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, P.O. Box 15003, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Edilson Valmir Benvenutti
- Laboratory of Solids and Surfaces, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, P.O. Box 15003, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Nicolodi
- Magnetism Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, P.O. Box 15051, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manuela P. Klein
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), ZC 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Department of Biocatalysis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, ZC 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Monteiro RRC, Lima PJM, Pinheiro BB, Freire TM, Dutra LMU, Fechine PBA, Gonçalves LRB, de Souza MCM, Dos Santos JCS, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of Lipase A from Candida antarctica onto Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4018. [PMID: 31426510 PMCID: PMC6720176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this communication, lipase A from Candida antarctica (CALA) was immobilized by covalent bonding on magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan and activated with glutaraldehyde, labelled CALA-MNP, (immobilization parameters: 84.1% ± 1.0 for immobilization yield and 208.0 ± 3.0 U/g ± 1.1 for derivative activity). CALA-MNP biocatalyst was characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetry (TG) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), proving the incorporation of magnetite and the immobilization of CALA in the chitosan matrix. Besides, the immobilized biocatalyst showed a half-life 8-11 times higher than that of the soluble enzyme at pH 5-9. CALA showed the highest activity at pH 7, while CALA-MNP presented the highest activity at pH 10. The immobilized enzyme was more active than the free enzyme at all studied pH values, except pH 7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolpho R C Monteiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Paula J M Lima
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Bruna B Pinheiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Tiago M Freire
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, Fortaleza CEP 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Lillian M U Dutra
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, Fortaleza CEP 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Pierre B A Fechine
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, Fortaleza CEP 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciana R B Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria C M de Souza
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - José C S Dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção 62790970, CE, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Del Arco J, Galindo J, Clemente-Suárez VJ, Corrales A, Fernández-Lucas J. Sustainable synthesis of uridine-5'-monophosphate analogues by immobilized uracil phosphoribosyltransferase from Thermus thermophilus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1868:140251. [PMID: 31299354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays enzymatic synthesis of nucleic acid derivatives is gaining momentum over traditional chemical synthetic processes. Biotransformations catalyzed by whole cells or enzymes offer an ecofriendly and efficient alternative to the traditional multistep chemical methods, avoiding the use of chemical reagents and organic solvents that are expensive and environmentally harmful. Herein we report for the first time the covalent immobilization a uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT). In this sense, UPRT from Thermus thermophilus HB8 was immobilized onto glutaraldehyde-activated MagReSyn®Amine magnetic iron oxide porous microparticles (MTtUPRT). According to the catalyst load experiments, MTtUPRT3 was selected as optimal biocatalyst for further studies. MTtUPRT3 was active and stable in a broad range of temperature (70-100 °C) and in the pH interval 6-8, displaying maximum activity at 100 °C and pH 7 (activity 968 IU/gsupport, retained activity 100%). In addition, MTtUPRT3 could be reused up to 8 times in the synthesis of uridine-5'-monophosphate (UMP). Finally, MTtUPRT3 was successfully applied in the sustainable synthesis of different 5-modified uridine-5'-monophosphates at short times. Taking into account these results, MTtUPRT3 would emerge as a valuable biocatalyst for the synthesis of nucleoside monophosphates through an efficient and environmentally friendly methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain
| | - Javier Galindo
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sport Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58#55-66, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Amaira Corrales
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Improved features of a highly stable protease from Penaeus vannamei by immobilization on glutaraldehyde activated graphene oxide nanosheets. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:564-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
37
|
de Andrades D, Graebin NG, Kadowaki MK, Ayub MA, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues RC. Immobilization and stabilization of different β-glucosidases using the glutaraldehyde chemistry: Optimal protocol depends on the enzyme. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:672-678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
38
|
Covalently immobilized laccase onto graphene oxide nanosheets: Preparation, characterization, and biodegradation of azo dyes in colored wastewater. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
39
|
Ait Braham S, Hussain F, Morellon-Sterling R, Kamal S, Kornecki JF, Barbosa O, Kati DE, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Cooperativity of covalent attachment and ion exchange on alcalase immobilization using glutaraldehyde chemistry: Enzyme stabilization and improved proteolytic activity. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 35:e2768. [PMID: 30575340 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Alcalase was scarcely immobilized on monoaminoethyl-N-aminoethyl (MANAE)-agarose beads at different pH values (<20% at pH 7). The enzyme did not immobilize on MANAE-agarose activated with glutaraldehyde at high ionic strength, suggesting a low reactivity of the enzyme with the support functionalized in this manner. However, the immobilization is relatively rapid when using low ionic strength and glutaraldehyde activated support. Using these conditions, the enzyme was immobilized at pH 5, 7, and 9, and in all cases, the activity vs. Boc-Ala-ONp decreased to around 50%. However, the activity vs. casein greatly depends on the immobilization pH, while at pH 5 it is also 50%, at pH 7 it is around 200%, and at pH 9 it is around 140%. All immobilized enzymes were significantly stabilized compared to the free enzyme when inactivated at pH 5, 7, or 9. The highest stability was always observed when the enzyme was immobilized at pH 9, and the worst stability occurred when the enzyme was immobilized at pH 5, in agreement with the reactivity of the amino groups of the enzyme. Stabilization was lower for the three preparations when the inactivation was performed at pH 5. Thus, this is a practical example on how the cooperative effect of ion exchange and covalent immobilization may be used to immobilize an enzyme when only one independent cause of immobilization is unable to immobilize the enzyme, while adjusting the immobilization pH leads to very different properties of the final immobilized enzyme preparation. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2768, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ait Braham
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Fouzia Hussain
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Roberto Morellon-Sterling
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Shagufta Kamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jakub F Kornecki
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oveimar Barbosa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Djamel Edine Kati
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Oriented covalent immobilization of recombinant protein A on the glutaraldehyde activated agarose support. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:100-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
41
|
Immobilization of β-galactosidase in glutaraldehyde-chitosan and its application to the synthesis of lactulose using cheese whey as feedstock. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
42
|
Ma Y, Lv Z, Li T, Tian T, Lu L, Liu W, Zhu Z, Yang C. Design and synthesis of ortho-phthalaldehyde phosphoramidite for single-step, rapid, efficient and chemoselective coupling of DNA with proteins under physiological conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9434-9437. [PMID: 30079422 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
ortho-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) phosphoramidite with high reaction activity was designed and synthesized for labelling oligodeoxynucleotides (DNA). The DNA modified with OPA (OPA-DNA) can covalently couple with native proteins rapidly and efficiently via a condensation reaction with the formation of phthalimidines, which provides a highly efficient method for bioconjugation of DNA and native proteins under physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Urrutia P, Bernal C, Wilson L, Illanes A. Use of chitosan heterofunctionality for enzyme immobilization: β-galactosidase immobilization for galacto-oligosaccharide synthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:182-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
44
|
Gennari A, Mobayed FH, da Silva Rafael R, Rodrigues RC, Sperotto RA, Volpato G, Volken de Souza CF. Modification of Immobead 150 support for protein immobilization: Effects on the properties of immobilizedAspergillus oryzaeβ-galactosidase. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:934-943. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Gennari
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates; Lajeado RS Brazil
| | - Francielle H. Mobayed
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates; Lajeado RS Brazil
| | - Ruan da Silva Rafael
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates; Lajeado RS Brazil
| | - Rafael C. Rodrigues
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Raul A. Sperotto
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates; Lajeado RS Brazil
| | - Giandra Volpato
- Curso de Biotecnologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul - IFRS, Campus Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Claucia F. Volken de Souza
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates; Lajeado RS Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Maltose Production Using Starch from Cassava Bagasse Catalyzed by Cross-Linked β-Amylase Aggregates. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8040170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
47
|
Immobilization/Stabilization of Ficin Extract on Glutaraldehyde-Activated Agarose Beads. Variables That Control the Final Stability and Activity in Protein Hydrolyses. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
48
|
Wahba MI, Soliman TN. Whey protein isolate for the preparation of covalent immobilization beads. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
49
|
Lima LCD, Peres DGC, Mendes AA. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on the enzymatic synthesis of wax ester catalyzed by lipase immobilized on glutaraldehyde-activated rice husk particles. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:991-1002. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
50
|
Vazquez-Ortega PG, Alcaraz-Fructuoso MT, Rojas-Contreras JA, López-Miranda J, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Stabilization of dimeric β-glucosidase from Aspergillu s nige r via glutaraldehyde immobilization under different conditions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 110:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|