1
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Preparation of N-doped carbon materials from cellulose:chitosan blends and their potential application in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCarbon-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are prepared by a direct pathway including a two-step thermal treatment process applied to porous spheres of natural biopolymer blends. Cellulose blends with chitosan are first thermally treated at moderate temperatures (e.g., 200 °C), then pyrolyzed at elevated temperature (800–1000 °C), both steps under a constant nitrogen flow. By blending of cellulose with chitosan, the nitrogen content in the final carbon-based catalyst can be considerably increased. The influence of the composition of the precursor biopolymer blend on the ORR electrocatalytic activity is analyzed in correlation with the elemental composition and other structural features of the catalyst. The polymer blend containing cellulose:chitosan = 75:25, thermally treated 1 h at 200 °C and pyrolyzed 1 h at 800 °C under nitrogen atmosphere, shows the highest electrocatalytic ORR activity. This is attributed to an increased surface area combined with relatively high nitrogen content and a higher pyridinic/pyrrolic species ratio.
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2
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Panomsuwan G, Hussakan C, Kaewtrakulchai N, Techapiesancharoenkij R, Serizawa A, Ishizaki T, Eiad-Ua A. Nitrogen-doped carbon derived from horse manure biomass as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17481-17489. [PMID: 35765431 PMCID: PMC9194922 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02079c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A massive amount of animal biomass is generated daily from livestock farms, agriculture, and food industries, causing environmental and ecological problems. The conversion of animal biomass into value-added products has recently gained considerable interest in materials science research. Herein, horse manure (HM) was utilized as a precursor for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbons (NCs) via hydrothermal ammonia treatment and the post pyrolysis process. The ammonia concentration varied between 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 M in the hydrothermal process. From the comprehensive characterization results, horse manure-derived nitrogen-doped carbons (HMNCs) exhibited an amorphous phase and a hierarchical nanoporous structure. The specific surface area decreased from 170.1 to 66.6 m2 g-1 as the ammonia concentration increased due to micropore deterioration. The nitrogen content was 0.90 atom% even with no ammonia treatment, indicating self-nitrogen doping. With hydrothermal ammonia treatment, the nitrogen content slightly enhanced up to 1.54 atom%. The electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of HMNCs in an alkaline solution was found to be related to nitrogen doping content and porous structure. The ORR activity of HMNCs mainly proceeded via a combination of two- and four-electron pathways. Although the ORR activity of HMNCs was still not satisfactory and comparable to that of a commercial Pt/carbon catalyst, it showed better long-term durability. The results obtained in this work provide the potential utilization of HM as a precursor for ORR catalysts and other related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gasidit Panomsuwan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
- International Collaborative Education Program for Materials Technology, Education, and Research (ICE-Matter), ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net), Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
- Special Research Unit for Biomass Conversion Technology for Energy and Environmental Materials, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Chadapat Hussakan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
- International Collaborative Education Program for Materials Technology, Education, and Research (ICE-Matter), ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net), Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Napat Kaewtrakulchai
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Ratchatee Techapiesancharoenkij
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
- International Collaborative Education Program for Materials Technology, Education, and Research (ICE-Matter), ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net), Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
- Special Research Unit for Biomass Conversion Technology for Energy and Environmental Materials, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Ai Serizawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishizaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Apiluck Eiad-Ua
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok 10520 Thailand
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3
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Successful Manufacturing Protocols of N-Rich Carbon Electrodes Ensuring High ORR Activity: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploration and development of different carbon nanomaterials happening over the past years have established carbon electrodes as an important electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. Metal-free catalysts are especially promising potential alternatives for replacing Pt-based catalysts. This article describes recent advances and challenges in the three main synthesis manners (i.e., pyrolysis, hydrothermal method, and chemical vapor deposition) as effective methods for the production of metal-free carbon-based catalysts. To improve the catalytic activity, heteroatom doping the structure of graphene, carbon nanotubes, porous carbons, and carbon nanofibers is important and makes them a prospective candidate for commercial applications. Special attention is paid to providing an overview on the recent major works about nitrogen-doped carbon electrodes with various concentrations and chemical environments of the heteroatom active sites. A detailed discussion and summary of catalytic properties in aqueous electrolytes is given for graphene and porous carbon-based catalysts in particular, including recent studies performed in the authors’ research group. Finally, we discuss pathways and development opportunities approaching the practical use of mainly graphene-based catalysts for metal–air batteries and fuel cells.
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4
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Braun T, Dinda S, Pammer F, Fichtner M. Time Resolved Measurements of pH in Aqueous Magnesium‐Air Batteries during Discharge and Its Impact for Future Applications. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Braun
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Sirshendu Dinda
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Frank Pammer
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Maximilian Fichtner
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
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5
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Chandrasekaran S, Zhang C, Shu Y, Wang H, Chen S, Nesakumar Jebakumar Immanuel Edison T, Liu Y, Karthik N, Misra R, Deng L, Yin P, Ge Y, Al-Hartomy OA, Al-Ghamdi A, Wageh S, Zhang P, Bowen C, Han Z. Advanced opportunities and insights on the influence of nitrogen incorporation on the physico-/electro-chemical properties of robust electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic energy conversion. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Zhou J, He Y, Wang Y, Li X, Xu C. Metal-free N and O Co-doped carbon directly derived from bicrystal Zn-based zeolite-like metal-organic frameworks as durable high-performance pH-universal oxygen reduction reaction catalyst. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:405401. [PMID: 34167092 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac0e6a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple and green approach is studied for the preparation of a high-activity metal-free N,O-codoped porous carbon (NOPC) electrocatalyst by one-step pyrolysis of pristine zinc-based zeolite-like metal-organic framework (Zn-ZMOF) synthesized by hydrothermal method from Zn2+and 4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid (H3IDC) in H2O solvent. It is found that the structure and electroactivity of Zn-ZMOF and NOPC vary with the molar ratio of H3IDC to zinc acetate. NOPC shows pH-universal electrocatalytic property for oxygen reduction reaction and its electrocatalytic performance is similar to that of Pt/C in alkaline and neutral electrolytes, and is close to that of Pt/C in acidic electrolyte, which is a relatively rare case for metal-free porous carbon derived from pristine MOF. Meanwhile, NOPC displays higher long-term stability and better tolerance to methanol and carbon monoxide poisoning than that of commercial Pt/C. The excellent performance of NOPC is mainly due to the special structure of the precursor Zn-ZMOF, and the synergism of abundant active sites, micro/mesoporous structure, large specific surface area, and high degree of graphitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Chang'an West Street 620, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Chang'an West Street 620, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Yini Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Chang'an West Street 620, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Chang'an West Street 620, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Chang'an West Street 620, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
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7
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Lilloja J, Kibena-Põldsepp E, Sarapuu A, Douglin JC, Käärik M, Kozlova J, Paiste P, Kikas A, Aruväli J, Leis J, Sammelselg V, Dekel DR, Tammeveski K. Transition-Metal- and Nitrogen-Doped Carbide-Derived Carbon/Carbon Nanotube Composites as Cathode Catalysts for Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ACS Catal 2021; 11:1920-1931. [PMID: 35028188 PMCID: PMC8744415 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal- and nitrogen-codoped carbide-derived carbon/carbon nanotube composites (M-N-CDC/CNT) have been prepared, characterized, and used as cathode catalysts in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). As transition metals, cobalt, iron, and a combination of both have been investigated. Metal and nitrogen are doped through a simple high-temperature pyrolysis technique with 1,10-phenanthroline as the N precursor. The physicochemical characterization shows the success of metal and nitrogen doping as well as very similar morphologies and textural properties of all three composite materials. The initial assessment of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, employing the rotating ring-disk electrode method, indicates that the M-N-CDC/CNT catalysts exhibit a very good electrocatalytic performance in alkaline media. We find that the formation of HO2 - species in the ORR catalysts depends on the specific metal composition (Co, Fe, or CoFe). All three materials show excellent stability with a negligible decline in their performance after 10000 consecutive potential cycles. The very good performance of the M-N-CDC/CNT catalyst materials is attributed to the presence of M-N x and pyridinic-N moieties as well as both micro- and mesoporous structures. Finally, the catalysts exhibit excellent performance in in situ tests in H2/O2 AEMFCs, with the CoFe-N-CDC/CNT reaching a current density close to 500 mA cm-2 at 0.75 V and a peak power density (P max) exceeding 1 W cm-2. Additional tests show that P max reaches 0.8 W cm-2 in an H2/CO2-free air system and that the CoFe-N-CDC/CNT material exhibits good stability under both AEMFC operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Lilloja
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Elo Kibena-Põldsepp
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ave Sarapuu
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - John C. Douglin
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Maike Käärik
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jekaterina Kozlova
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Päärn Paiste
- School
of Engineering, Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
- Institute
of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University
of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arvo Kikas
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaan Aruväli
- Institute
of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University
of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaan Leis
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Väino Sammelselg
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Institute
of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dario R. Dekel
- The
Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
- The Nancy
& Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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8
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Alekseeva OK, Pushkareva IV, Pushkarev AS, Fateev VN. Graphene and Graphene-Like Materials for Hydrogen Energy. NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN RUSSIA 2020; 15:273-300. [PMID: 33391617 PMCID: PMC7768998 DOI: 10.1134/s1995078020030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review is devoted to current and promising areas of application of graphene and materials based on it for generating environmentally friendly hydrogen energy. Analysis of the results of theoretical and experimental studies of hydrogen accumulation in graphene materials confirms the possibility of creating on their basis systems for reversible hydrogen storage, which combine high capacity, stability, and the possibility of rapid hydrogen evolution under conditions acceptable for practical use. Recent advances in the development of chemically and heat-resistant graphene-based membrane materials make it possible to create new gas separation membranes that provide high permeability and selectivity and are promising for hydrogen purification in processes of its production from natural gas. The characteristics of polymer membranes that are currently used in industry for the most part can be significantly improved with small additions of graphene materials. The use of graphene-like materials as a support of nanoparticles or as functional additives in the composition of the electrocatalytic layer in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells makes it possible to improve their characteristics and to increase the activity and stability of the electrocatalyst in the reaction of oxygen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. K. Alekseeva
- National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A. S. Pushkarev
- National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. N. Fateev
- National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Biomass-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbons with ultra-high surface area for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Top 10 Cited Papers in the Section “Electrocatalysis”. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This editorial is dealing with the most cited papers published in the years 2018–2019 in the section “Electrocatalysis” of the journal Catalysts [...]
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11
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Quílez-Bermejo J, Morallón E, Cazorla-Amorós D. Polyaniline-Derived N-Doped Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Thin Films: Efficient Catalysts towards Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102382. [PMID: 33081123 PMCID: PMC7602833 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging targets in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts based on N-doped carbon materials is the control of the pore structure and obtaining nanostructured thin films that can easily be incorporated on the current collector. The carbonization of nitrogen-containing polymers and the heat treatment of a mixture of carbon materials and nitrogen precursor are the most common methods for obtaining N-doped carbon materials. However, in this synthetic protocols, the surface area and pore distribution are not controlled. This work enables the preparation of 2D-ordered N-doped carbon materials through the carbonization of 2D polyaniline. For that purpose, aniline has been electropolymerized within the porous structure of two different templates (ordered mesoporous Silica and ordered mesoporous Titania thin films). Thus, aniline has been impregnated into the porous structure and subsequently electropolymerized by means of chronoamperometry at constant potential. The resultant samples were heat-treated at 900 °C with the aim of obtaining 2D N-doped carbon materials within the template structures. Polyaniline and polyaniline-derived carbon materials have been analyzed via XPS and TEM and characterized by electrochemical measurements. It is worth noting that the obtained 2D-ordered mesoporous N-doped carbon materials have proved to be highly active electrocatalysts for the ORR because of the formation of quaternary nitrogen species during the heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Quílez-Bermejo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Emilia Morallón
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Diego Cazorla-Amorós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Eliyahu M, Korin E, Bettelheim A. Tuning the electrocatalytic 2- and 4-electron reduction of oxygen by electrodeposited hybrid graphene-Co/Mn porphyrin coatings. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Highly efficient oxygen electrode catalyst derived from chitosan biomass by molten salt pyrolysis for zinc-air battery. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Thomas MP, Wanninayake N, De Alwis Goonatilleke M, Kim DY, Guiton BS. Direct imaging of heteroatom dopants in catalytic carbon nano-onions. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6144-6152. [PMID: 32129785 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00335b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hollow core, concentric graphitic shells, and large surface area of the carbon nano-onion (CNO) make these carbon nanostructures promising materials for highly efficient catalytic reactions. Doping CNOs with heteroatoms is an effective method of changing their physical and chemical properties. In these cases, the configurations and locations of the incorporated dopant atoms must be a key factor dictating catalytic activity, yet determining a structural arrangement on the single-atom length scale is challenging. Here we present direct imaging of individual nitrogen and sulfur dopant atoms in CNOs, using an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) approach, combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Inspection of the statistics of dopant configuration and location in sulfur-, nitrogen-, and co-doped samples reveals dopant atoms to be more closely situated to defects in the graphitic shells for co-doped samples, than in their singly doped counterparts. Correlated with an increased activity for the oxygen reduction reaction in the co-doped samples, this suggests a concerted mechanism involving both the dopant and defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melonie P Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
| | - Namal Wanninayake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
| | | | - Doo Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
| | - Beth S Guiton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
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15
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Hydrothermal Carbon/Carbon Nanotube Composites as Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction is an essential reaction in several energy conversion devices such as fuel cells and batteries. So far, the best performance is obtained by using platinum-based electrocatalysts, which make the devices really expensive, and thus, new and more affordable materials should be designed. Biomass-derived carbons were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization in the presence of carbon nanotubes with different oxygen surface functionalities to evaluate their effect on the final properties. Additionally, nitrogen functional groups were also introduced by ball milling the carbon composite together with melamine. The oxygen groups on the surface of the carbon nanotubes favor their dispersion into the precursor mixture and the formation of a more homogenous carbon structure with higher mechanical strength. This type of structure partially avoids the crushing of the nanotubes and the carbon spheres during the ball milling, resulting in a carbon composite with enhanced electrical conductivity. Undoped and N-doped composites were used as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. The onset potential increases by 20% due to the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nitrogen, which increases the number of active sites and improves the chemical reactivity, while the limiting current density increases by 47% due to the higher electrical conductivity.
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16
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Jin W, Chen J, Wu H, Zang N, Li Q, Cai W, Wu Z. Interface engineering of oxygen-vacancy-rich NiCo2O4/NiCoP heterostructure as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01115k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inexpensive bifunctional electrocatalysts towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is highly desirable from the perspective of energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jin
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Hengbo Wu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Nan Zang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan 250353
- P. R. China
| | - Weiquan Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Zexing Wu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science & Technology
- Qingdao 266042
- PR China
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17
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Morais RG, Rey-Raap N, Figueiredo JL, Pereira MFR. Glucose-derived carbon materials with tailored properties as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1089-1102. [PMID: 31165035 PMCID: PMC6541360 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped biomass-derived carbon materials were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of glucose, and their textural and chemical properties were subsequently tailored to achieve materials with enhanced electrochemical performance towards the oxygen reduction reaction. Carbonization and physical activation were applied to modify the textural properties, while nitrogen functionalities were incorporated via different N-doping methodologies (ball milling and conventional methods) using melamine. A direct relationship between the microporosity of the activated carbons and the limiting current density was found, with the increase of microporosity leading to interesting improvements of the limiting current density. Regardless of the doping method used, similar amounts of nitrogen were incorporated into the carbon structures. However, significant differences were observed in the nitrogen functionalities according to the doping method applied: ball milling appeared to originate preferentially quaternary and oxidized nitrogen groups, while the formation of pyridinic and pyrrolic groups was favoured by conventional doping. The onset potential was improved and the two-electron mechanism of the original activated sample was shifted closer to a four-electron pathway due to the presence of nitrogen. Interestingly, the high pyridinic content related to a high ratio of pyridinic/quaternary nitrogen results in an increase of the onset potential, while a decrease in the quaternary/pyrrolic nitrogen ratio favors an increase in the number of electrons. Accordingly, the electrocatalyst with the highest performance was obtained from the activated sample doped with nitrogen by the conventional method, which combined the most appropriate textural and chemical properties: high microporosity and adequate proportion of the nitrogen functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gomes Morais
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Natalia Rey-Raap
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Luís Figueiredo
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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18
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Yang L, Shui J, Du L, Shao Y, Liu J, Dai L, Hu Z. Carbon-Based Metal-Free ORR Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells: Past, Present, and Future. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804799. [PMID: 30637835 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Replacing precious platinum with earth-abundant materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells has been the objective worldwide for several decades. In the last 10 years, the fastest-growing branch in this area has been carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts. Great progress has been made in promoting the performance and understanding the underlying fundamentals. Here, a comprehensive review of this field is presented by emphasizing the emerging issues including the predictive design and controllable construction of porous structures and doping configurations, mechanistic understanding from the model catalysts, integrated experimental and theoretical studies, and performance evaluation in full cells. Centering on these topics, the most up-to-date results are presented, along with remarks and perspectives for the future development of carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jianglan Shui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei Du
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Yuyan Shao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Liming Dai
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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19
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Wang S, Nam G, Li P, Jang H, Wang J, Kim MG, Wu Z, Liu X, Cho J. Mn
x
(PO4
)
y
/NPC As a High Performance Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Electrode Reactions. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P.R. China
| | - Gyutae Nam
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering; Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST); Ulsan 689-798 Korea
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P.R. China
| | - Haeseong Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering; Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST); Ulsan 689-798 Korea
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P.R. China
| | - Min Gyu Kim
- Beamline Research Division; Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL); Pohang 790-784 Korea
| | - Zexing Wu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P.R. China
| | - Xien Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P.R. China
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering; Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST); Ulsan 689-798 Korea
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20
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Metallosupramolecular Polymer Precursor Design for Multi-Element Co-Doped Carbon Shells with Improved Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalytic Activity. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have been extensively studied in the field of electrochemical catalysis to solve the challenges of energy shortage. In particular, there is vigorous research activity in the design of multi-element co-doped carbon materials for the improvement of electrochemical performance. Herein, we developed a supramolecular approach to construct metallosupramolecular polymer hollow spheres, which could be used as precursors for the generation of carbon shells co-doped with B, N, F and Fe elements. The metallosupramolecular polymer hollow spheres were fabricated through a simple route based on the Kirkendall effect. The in situ reaction between the boronate polymer spheres and Fe3+ could easily control the component and shell thickness of the precursors. The as-prepared multi-element co-doped carbon shells showed excellent catalytic activity in an oxygen reduction reaction, with onset potential (Eonset) 0.91 V and half-wave (Ehalf-wave) 0.82 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). The fluorine element in the carbon matrix was important for the improvement of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity performance through designing the control experiment. This supramolecular approach may afford a new route to explore good activity and a low-cost catalyst for ORR.
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21
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Wang ZD, Bai CK, Chen XY, Wang BD, Lu GL, Sun H, Liu ZN, Huang H, Liang S, Zang HY. Co/Co9S8 nanoparticles coupled with N,S-doped graphene-based mixed-dimensional heterostructures as bifunctional electrocatalysts for the overall oxygen electrode. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00796b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Co/Co9S8/rGO/MWCNT composite catalyst was designed and fabricated via a combined hydrothermal reaction with a calcination method for the ORR/OER.
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22
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Sulfur, nitrogen co-doped nanocomposite of graphene and carbon nanotube as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Li P, Jang H, Zhang J, Tian M, Chen S, Yuan B, Wu Z, Liu X, Cho J. A Metal-Free N and P-Codoped Carbon Nanosphere as Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Haeseong Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy; Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST); Ulsan 689-798 Korea
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering; Qingdao University of Science &Technology; Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Mochong Tian
- Department of New Energy and Device; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Silong Chen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Bing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Zexing Wu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Xien Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy; Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST); Ulsan 689-798 Korea
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24
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Li Y, Zhou Y, Wen H, Yang J, Maouche C, Liu Q, Wu Y, Cheng C, Zhu J, Cheng X. N,S-Atom-coordinated Co 9S 8 trinary dopants within a porous graphene framework as efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction/evolution reactions. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14992-15001. [PMID: 30302488 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02324g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsic instability and difficulty in controlling the uniform size distributions of cobalt sulfides greatly restrict their application for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst in regenerative fuel cells and rechargeable metal-air batteries. Herein, we synthesize a stable electrocatalyst of N,S-atom-coordinated Co9S8 trinary dopants within a porous graphene framework (Co9S8@NS-3DrGO), in which Co9S8 nanoparticles show uniform sizes and distributions. The stable Co9S8-based composites are fabricated by a facile soft template-assisted strategy, and the attraction of this method is that the intermediate of melamine formaldehyde resin (MFR) plays trifunctional roles, including (i) it acts as the templated bonding material to crosslink GO sheets together, (ii) it facilitates the formation of a core-shell architecture, and (iii) it acts as the N source for doping. Catalyst composition and performance are largely dependent on the pyrolysis temperature. Extensive investigation elucidates that the mechanism of electrocatalytic activity is attributed to: (i) the unique core-shell structure of the composites, as well as uniform particle sizes and distributions of Co9S8, (ii) the active nitrogen (pyridinic N and graphitic N) contents, and (iii) the large surface area and porous architecture. The composite pyrolyzed at 850 °C exhibits the best electrocatalytic performance, which shows a positive ORR half-wave potential (0.826 V), a small OER overpotential (317 mV) at 10 mA cm-2, and high stability, comparable to the commercial noble catalysts Pt/C and RuO2 in alkaline media. Furthermore, when applied in zinc-air batteries, it also displays a comparable performance to a Pt/C + RuO2 mixture catalyst. This work provides an approach to stabilize cobalt sulfides and control their particle sizes and distributions by ingeniously employing the soft template of MFR and pyrolyzing them at various temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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25
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Wang S, Nam G, Li P, Jang H, Wang J, Kim MG, Wu Z, Liu X, Cho J. Highly active bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts derived from nickel- or cobalt-phytic acid xerogel for zinc-air batteries. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:15834-15841. [PMID: 30105344 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts for oxygen electrode reactions is highly desirable for industrial scale application in energy related devices. Herein, two new kinds of Ni (POxN3-x)2/NPC and Co (POxN3-x)2/NPC (NPC: N, P-co-doped carbon) are synthesized through a facile post-treatment of nickel- or cobalt-phytic acid xerogel, followed by an annealing procedure under an argon and ammonia atmosphere at 800 °C. The as-prepared catalysts exhibit outstanding catalytic activities for both the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, which are comparable to those of Pt/C and IrO2. Furthermore, the primary zinc-air batteries assembled with Ni (POxN3-x)2/NPC and Co (POxN3-x)2/NPC as the cathodes show gravimetric energy densities of 894 and 836 W h kgZn-1, which are superior to that of Pt/C (793 W h kgZn-1). In addition, the rechargeable zinc-air battery assembled with Ni (POxN3-x)2/NPC exhibits an excellent round-trip efficiency, which is shown by a slight increase in the sum of the overpotentials for discharge-charge cycling at a current density of 20 mA cm-2, even after experiencing 33 h of testing. To the best of our knowledge, there are few reports on metaphosphate salts where oxygen is partially replaced by nitrogen as bifunctional oxygen electrode catalysts for zinc-air batteries. This work provides an easy, low-cost and scalable avenue to develop new kinds of catalyst for application in energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.
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26
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An Iron-Based Catalyst with Multiple Active Components Synergetically Improved Electrochemical Performance for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8060243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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