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Priya BV, Rao DHS, Chatterjee A, Padhi SK. Hydroxynitrile lyase engineering for promiscuous asymmetric Henry reaction with enhanced conversion, enantioselectivity and catalytic efficiency. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12274-12277. [PMID: 37750925 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02837b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana hydroxynitrile lyase (AtHNL) engineering has uncovered variants that showed up to 12-fold improved catalytic efficiency than the wild-type towards asymmetric Henry reaction. The AtHNL variants have displayed excellent enantioselectivity, up to >99%, and higher conversion in the synthesis of 13 different (R)-β-nitroalcohols from their corresponding aldehydes. Using cell lysates of Y14M/F179W, we demonstrated a preparative scale synthesis of (R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-nitroethanol, a tembamide chiral intermediate, in >99% ee and 52% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badipatla Vishnu Priya
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
| | - D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Ayon Chatterjee
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
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Cui Y, Ji Y, Chen X, Li J, Feng J, Zhao Q, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D. Efficient enzymatic synthesis of (S)-1-(3′-bromo-2′-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, the key building block of lusutrombopag. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Batch and Flow Nitroaldol Synthesis Catalysed by Granulicella tundricola Hydroxynitrile Lyase Immobilised on Celite R-633. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulicella tundricola hydroxynitrile lyase (GtHNL) catalyses the synthesis of chiral (R)-cyanohydrins and (R)-β-nitro alcohols. The triple variant GtHNL-A40H/V42T/Q110H (GtHNL-3V) was immobilised on Celite R-633 and used in monophasic MTBE saturated with 100 mM KPi buffer pH 7 for the synthesis of (R)-2-nitro-1-phenylethanol (NPE) in batch and continuous flow systems. Nitromethane was used as a nucleophile. A total of 82% of (R)-NPE and excellent enantioselectivity (>99%) were achieved in the batch system after 24 hours of reaction time. GtHNL-3V on Celite R-633 was successfully recycled five times. During more recycling steps a significant decrease in yield was observed while the enantioselectivity remained excellent over eight cycles. The use of a flow system enabled the continuous synthesis of (R)-NPE. A total of 15% formation of (R)-NPE was reached using a flow rate of 0.1 mL min−1; unfortunately, the enzyme was not stable, and the yield decreased to 4% after 4 hours on stream. A similar yield was observed during 15 hours at a rate of 0.01 mL min−1. Surprisingly the use of a continuous flow system did not facilitate the process intensification. In fact, the batch system displayed a space-time-yield (STY/mgenzyme) of 0.10 g L−1 h−1 mgenzyme−1 whereas the flow system displayed 0.02 and 0.003 g L−1 h−1 mgenzyme−1 at 0.1 and 0.01 mL min−1, respectively. In general, the addition of 1 M nitromethane potentially changed the polarity of the reaction mixture affecting the stability of Celite-GtHNL-3V. The nature of the batch system maintained the reaction conditions better than the flow system. The higher yield and productivity observed for the batch system show that it is a superior system for the synthesis of (R)-NPE compared with the flow approach.
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Chatterjee A, Rao DHS, Kumar Padhi S. One‐Pot Enzyme Cascade Catalyzed Asymmetrization of Primary Alcohols: Synthesis of Enantiocomplementary Chiral β‐Nitroalcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayon Chatterjee
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
| | - D. H. Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
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Li Z, Yang H, Liu J, Huang Z, Chen F. Application of Ketoreductase in Asymmetric Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals and Bioactive Molecules: An Update (2018-2020). CHEM REC 2021; 21:1611-1630. [PMID: 33835705 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of genomic DNA sequencing, recombinant DNA expression, and protein engineering, biocatalysis has been increasingly and widely adopted in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, bioactive molecules, fine chemicals, and agrochemicals. In this review, we have summarized the most recent advances achieved (2018-2020) in the research area of ketoreductase (KRED)-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral secondary alcohol intermediates to pharmaceuticals and bioactive molecules. In the first part, synthesis of chiral alcohols with one stereocenter through the bioreduction of four different ketone classes, namely acyclic aliphatic ketones, benzyl or phenylethyl ketones, cyclic aliphatic ketones, and aryl ketones, is discussed. In the second part, KRED-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution and reductive desymmetrization are presented for the synthesis of chiral alcohols with two contiguous stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhining Li
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Haidi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zedu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Fener Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Rao DHS, Chatterjee A, Padhi SK. Biocatalytic approaches for enantio and diastereoselective synthesis of chiral β-nitroalcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:322-337. [PMID: 33325956 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral β-nitroalcohols find significant application in organic synthesis due to the versatile reactivity of hydroxyl and nitro functionalities attached to one or two vicinal asymmetric centers. They are key building blocks of several important pharmaceuticals, bioactive molecules, and fine chemicals. With the growing demand to develop clean and green methods for their synthesis, biocatalytic methods have gained tremendous importance among the existing asymmetric synthesis routes. Over the years, different biocatalytic strategies for the asymmetric synthesis of β-nitroalcohol stereoisomers have been developed. They can be majorly classified as (a) kinetic resolution, (b) dynamic kinetic resolution, (c) Henry reaction, (d) retro-Henry reaction, (e) asymmetric reduction, and (f) enantioselective epoxide ring-opening. This review aims to provide an overview of the above biocatalytic strategies, and their comparison along with future prospects. Essentially, it presents an enzyme-toolbox for the asymmetric synthesis of β-nitroalcohol enantiomers and diastereomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
| | - Ayon Chatterjee
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
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Han MN, Wang XM, Pei CH, Zhang C, Xu Z, Zhang HL, Li W. Green and scalable synthesis of chiral aromatic alcohols through an efficient biocatalytic system. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 14:444-452. [PMID: 32476251 PMCID: PMC7936284 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral aromatic alcohols have received much attention due to their widespread use in pharmaceutical industries. In the asymmetric synthesis processes, the excellent performance of alcohol dehydrogenase makes it a good choice for biocatalysts. In this study, a novel and robust medium‐chain alcohol dehydrogenase RhADH from Rhodococcus R6 was discovered and used to catalyse the asymmetric reduction of aromatic ketones to chiral aromatic alcohols. The reduction of 2‐hydroxyacetophenone (2‐HAP) to (R)‐(‐)‐1‐phenyl‐1,2‐ethanediol ((R)‐PED) was chosen as a template to evaluate its catalytic activity. A specific activity of 110 U mg−1 and a 99% purity of e.e. was achieved in the presence of NADH. An efficient bienzyme‐coupled catalytic system (RhADH and formate dehydrogenase, CpFDH) was established using a two‐phase strategy (dibutyl phthalate and buffer), which highly raised the tolerated substrate concentration (60 g l−1). Besides, a broad range of aromatic ketones were enantioselectively reduced to the corresponding chiral alcohols by this enzyme system with highly enantioselectivity. This system is of the potential to be applied at a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Nan Han
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, 180 Wusi East Road, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Xu-Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, 180 Wusi East Road, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Chao-Hong Pei
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, 180 Wusi East Road, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, 180 Wusi East Road, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Shijiazhuang Vince Pharma Tech Co Ltd Fangda Science and Technology Park, 266 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, 180 Wusi East Road, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, 180 Wusi East Road, Baoding, 071002, China
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Xue F, Zhang LH, Xu Q. Significant improvement of the enantioselectivity of a halohydrin dehalogenase for asymmetric epoxide ring opening reactions by protein engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2067-2077. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Wang Z, Wu X, Li Z, Huang Z, Chen F. Ketoreductase catalyzed stereoselective bioreduction of α-nitro ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:3575-3580. [PMID: 30900703 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here the stereoselective bioreduction of α-nitro ketones catalyzed by ketoreductases (KREDs) with publicly known sequences. YGL039w and RasADH/SyADH were able to reduce 23 class I substrates (1-aryl-2-nitro-1-ethanone (1)) and ten class II substrates (1-aryloxy-3-nitro-2-propanone (4)) to furnish both enantiomers of the corresponding β-nitro alcohols, with good-to-excellent conversions (up to >99%) and enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) being achieved in most cases. To the best of our knowledge, KRED-mediated reduction of class II α-nitro ketones (1-aryloxy-3-nitro-2-propanone (4)) is unprecedented. Select β-nitro alcohols, including the synthetic intermediates of bioactive molecules (R)-tembamide, (S)-tembamide, (S)-moprolol, (S)-toliprolol and (S)-propanolol, were stereoselectively synthesized in preparative scale with 42% to 90% isolated yields, showcasing the practical potential of our developed system in organic synthesis. Finally, the advantage of using KREDs with known sequence was demonstrated by whole-cell catalysis, in which β-nitro alcohol (R)-2k, the key synthetic intermediate of hypoglycemic natural product (R)-tembamide, was produced in a space-time yield of 178 g L-1 d-1 as well as 95% ee by employing the whole cells of a recombinant E. coli strain coexpressing RasADH and glucose dehydrogenase as the biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexu Wang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
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Enzyme-Mediated Stereoselective Synthesis. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9090763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
All of us know very well the importance of the catalysis in organic synthesis [...]
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Abstract
This review summarizes the recent developments of the reactions of α-nitroketones and the consequent formation of a variety of structural frameworks is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Gharui
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
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