Hydrotreating of Light Cycle Oil over Supported on Porous Aromatic Framework Catalysts

Quantum chemical hydrogenolysis strategy for elimination of heteroatoms in biomass homologous organic compounds based on oxolane and thiolane

Bio-oils obtained from biomass contain heteroatoms compounds, like oxolane and thiolane. It is quite difficult for industrialist to purify such refractory bio-oils. One of the efficient strategies for the elimination of heteroatoms is hydrogenolysis process, which results in the formation of H₂O and H₂S residues as by-products. In this work, quantum chemical studies have been used to analyse the reaction mechanism for the removal of hetero atoms (S and O) as H₂O and H₂S. We selected B3LYP functional of DFT with Pople's basis set 6-311G(d,p) for computing the hydrogenolysis steps without catalyst. LANL2DZ basis set, is used for studying hydrogenolysis steps involving AlCl₃ and WS₃H₃⁺ as catalysts. All the reactions are analysed at the temperature of 600 K and pressure of 40 bars. Structural, thermodynamic, kinetic properties have been employed to study this process. The analysis of variations parameters during the hydrogenolysis process reveals that these two organic biomass compounds undergo sequential ring opening at C-X (X = O, S) bonds. Butanol and Butanethiol are obtained as a result of first hydrogenolysis process, and these compounds are converted to butane during second catalytic process while eliminating heteroatoms.

The Effect of Y Zeolites with Different Pores on Tetralin Hydrocracking for the Production of High-Value Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene Products

A series of Y zeolites with different pore properties was prepared as a support for hydrocracking catalysts for the production of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene) from tetralin. Some important characterizations, including N2 adsorption–desorption, NH3-TPD, Py-IR, and HRTEM, were applied to obtain the properties of different catalysts. Meanwhile, the tetralin hydrocracking performances of those catalysts were investigated on a high-pressure fixed-bed microreactor. The results showed that Si/Al ratio is the core property of zeolites and that the increase in the Vmicro/Vmeso of zeolites could facilitate the formation of BTEX products by hydrocracking tetralin. The method of hydrocracking tetralin was proposed. It was also found that the hydrogenation–cracking path was controlled by aromatic saturation thermodynamics, and strong acidity aided the backward shift of equilibrium temperature.

Evaluation of sulfide catalysts performance in hydrotreating of oil fractions using comprehensive gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry

In this study, two oil fractions – straight-run diesel and light cycle oil (LCO) – and the products of their hydrotreatment with sulfide catalysts, synthesized in the pores of porous aromatic frameworks, were analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC) with time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC–TOFMS). Effective separation of numerous compounds in the analyzed multicomponent mixtures and high resolution of mass spectra of reaction products made it possible to study the features of the activity of sulfide catalysts.