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Palla VS, Shee D, Maity SK, Dinda S. One-Step Conversion of n-Butanol to Aromatics-free Gasoline over the HZSM-5 Catalyst: Effect of Pressure, Catalyst Deactivation, and Fuel Properties as a Gasoline. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43739-43750. [PMID: 38027344 PMCID: PMC10666138 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable production of gasoline-range hydrocarbon fuels from biomass is critical in evading the upgradation of combustion engine infrastructures. The present work focuses on the selective transformation of n-butanol to gasoline-range hydrocarbons free from aromatics in a single step. Conversion of n-butanol was carried out in a down-flow fixed-bed reactor with the capability to operate at high pressures using the HZSM-5 catalyst. The selective transformation of n-butanol was carried out for a wide range of temperatures (523-563 K), pressures (1-40 bar), and weight hourly space velocities (0.75-14.96 h-1) to obtain the optimum operating conditions for the maximum yields of gasoline range (C5-C12) hydrocarbons. A C5-C12 hydrocarbons selectivity of ∼80% was achieved, with ∼11% and 9% selectivity to C3-C4 paraffin and C3-C4 olefins, respectively, under optimum operating conditions of 543 K, 0.75 h-1, and 20 bar. The hydrocarbon (C5-C12) product mixture was free from aromatics and primarily olefinic in nature. The distribution of these C5-C12 hydrocarbons depends strongly on the reaction pressure, temperature, and WHSV. These olefins were further hydrogenated to paraffins using a Ni/SiO2 catalyst. The fuel properties and distillation characteristics of virgin and hydrogenated hydrocarbons were evaluated and compared with those of gasoline to understand their suitability as a transportation fuel in an unmodified combustion engine. The present work further delineates the catalyst stability study for a long time-on-stream (TOS) and extensive characterization of spent catalysts to understand the nature of catalyst deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata
Chandra Sekhar Palla
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana-502 284, India
| | - Debaprasad Shee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana-502 284, India
| | - Sunil K. Maity
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana-502 284, India
| | - Srikanta Dinda
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology & Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 078, India
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Conesa J, Morales M, García-Bosch N, Ramos IR, Guerrero-Ruiz A. GRAPHITE SUPPORTED HETEROPOLYACID AS A REGENERABLE CATALYST IN THE DEHYDRATION OF 1-BUTANOL TO BUTENES. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Evaluation of Au/ZrO2 Catalysts Prepared via Postsynthesis Methods in CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Au nanoparticles supported on ZrO2 enhance its surface acidic/basic properties to produce a high yield of methanol via the hydrogenation of CO2. Amorphous ZrO2-supported 0.5–1 wt.% Au catalysts were synthesized by two methods, namely deposition precipitation (DP) and impregnation (IMP), characterized by a variety of techniques, and evaluated in the process of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The DP-method catalysts were highly advantageous over the IMP-method catalyst. The DP method delivered samples with a large surface area, along with the control of the Au particle size. The strength and number of acidic and basic sites was enhanced on the catalyst surface. These surface changes attributed to the DP method greatly improved the catalytic activity when compared to the IMP method. The variations in the surface sites due to different preparation methods exhibited a huge impact on the formation of important intermediates (formate, dioxymethylene and methoxy) and their rapid hydrogenation to methanol via the formate route, as revealed by means of in situ DRIFTS (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy) analysis. Finally, the rate of formation of methanol was enhanced by the increased synergy between the metal and the support.
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Abstract
Abstract
In the last decade, there was observed a growing demand for both n-butanol as a potential fuel or fuel additive, and propylene as the only raw material for production of alcohol and other more bulky propylene chemical derivatives with faster growing outputs (polymers, propylene oxide, and acrylic acid). The predictable oilfield depletion and the European Green Deal adoption stimulated interest in alternative processes for n-butanol production, especially those involving bio-based materials. Their commercialization will promote additional market penetration of n-butanol for its application as a basic chemical. We analyze briefly the current status of two most advanced bio-based processes, i.e. ethanol–to-n-butanol and acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. In the second part of the review, studies of n-butanol and ABE conversion to valuable products are considered with an emphasis on the most perspective catalytic systems and variants of the future processes realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Pinaeva
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Alexandr Noskov
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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Selective dehydration of 1-butanol to butenes over silica supported heteropolyacid catalysts: Mechanistic aspect. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lee HJ, Choi IH, Kim SW, Hwang KR. Selective Production of Bio-Based Linear Alpha-Olefin from Wasted Fatty Alcohol on Al 2O 3 for Bio-Based Chemicals. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2850. [PMID: 34502889 PMCID: PMC8433876 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic dehydration of a bio-based fatty alcohol was performed using Al2O3 prepared by solvothermal synthesis for selective production of long-chain linear-alpha-olefins (LAO). The effect of the synthesis temperature of alumina precursors on the dehydration of 1-octadecanol (C18H38O) was examined based on the textural properties and Lewis acid-base properties of the catalysts. Amorphous alumina synthesized at 325 °C showed the highest surface area (233.07 m2/g) and total pore volume (1.237 cm3/g) among the catalysts and the best dehydration results: 93% conversion, 62% selectivity of 1-octadecene (C18H36), and 89% LAO purity. This was attributed to the increased Al/O ratio and atomic concentration of surface O in alumina, which were important factors in the catalytic dehydration of 1-octadecanol through the synergistic catalysis of acid-base pairs. The produced bio-based LAO can be key intermediates for synthesis of oxo alcohols and poly-alpha-olefins, as alternatives to petroleum-based LAO to achieve carbon neutrality in chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Lee
- Energy Resource Upcycling Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-H.C.)
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136701, Korea;
| | - Il-Ho Choi
- Energy Resource Upcycling Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-H.C.)
| | - Seung-Wook Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136701, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Ran Hwang
- Energy Resource Upcycling Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-H.C.)
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Abstract
The rapid increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations in the last several decades means that the effects of climate change are fast becoming the familiar horsemen of a planetary apocalypse. Catalysis, one of the pillars of the chemical and petrochemical industries, will play a critical role in the effort to reduce the flow of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This Special Issue is timely, as it provides a collection of high-quality manuscripts in a diverse range of topics, which include the production of green hydrogen via water electrolysis, the steam reforming of ethanol, propane or glycerol, the dry reforming of methane, and the autothermal reforming of diesel surrogate fuel. The topic of the transformation of biomass waste to chemicals is also well represented as is the tackling of CO2 emissions via novel utilization technologies. The Editors are grateful to all authors for their valuable contributions and confident that this Special Issue will prove valuable to scholars, university professors and students alike.
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Renewable Butene Production through Dehydration Reactions over Nano-HZSM-5/γ-Al2O3 Hybrid Catalysts. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new, improved zeolitic materials is of prime importance to progress heterogeneous catalysis and adsorption technologies. The zeolite HZSM-5 and metal oxide γ-Al2O3 are key materials for processing bio-alcohols, but both have some limitations, i.e., HZSM-5 has a high activity but low catalytic stability, and vice versa for γ-Al2O3. To combine their advantages and suppress their disadvantages, this study reports the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic results of a hybrid nano-HZSM-5/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for the dehydration of n-butanol to butenes. The hybrid catalyst is prepared by the in-situ hydrothermal synthesis of nano-HZSM-5 onto γ-Al2O3. This catalyst combines mesoporosity, related to the γ-Al2O3 support, and microporosity due to the nano-HZSM-5 crystals dispersed on the γ-Al2O3. HZSM-5 and γ-Al2O3 being in one hybrid catalyst leads to a different acid strength distribution and outperforms both single materials as it shows increased activity (compared to γ-Al2O3) and a high selectivity to olefins, even at low conversion and a higher stability (compared to HZSM-5). The hybrid catalyst also outperforms a physical mixture of nano-HZSM-5 and γ-Al2O3, indicating a truly synergistic effect in the hybrid catalyst.
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Chen M, Lu W, Zhu H, Gong L, Zhao Z, Ding Y. Dehydration of Long-Chain n-Alcohols to Linear α-Olefins Using Sodium-Modified γ-Al 2O 3. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hejun Zhu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leifeng Gong
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziang Zhao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Ding
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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