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Ma H, Liu X, Nobbs AH, Mishra A, Patil AJ, Mann S. Protocell Flow Reactors for Enzyme and Whole-Cell Mediated Biocatalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404607. [PMID: 38762764 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The design and construction of continuous flow biochemical reactors comprising immobilized biocatalysts have generated great interest in the efficient synthesis of value-added chemicals. Living cells use compartmentalization and reaction-diffusion processes for spatiotemporal regulation of biocatalytic reactions, and implementing these strategies into continuous flow reactors can offer new opportunities in reactor design and application. Herein, the fabrication of protocell-based continuous flow reactors for enzyme and whole-cell mediated biocatalysis is demonstrated. Semipermeable membranized coacervate vesicles are employed as model protocells that spontaneously sequester enzymes or accumulate living bacteria to produce embodied microreactors capable of single- or multiple-step catalytic reactions. By packing millions of the enzyme/bacteria-containing coacervate vesicles in a glass column, a facile, cost-effective, and modular methodology capable of performing oxidoreductase, peroxidase and lipolytic reactions, enzyme-mediated L-DOPA synthesis, and whole-cell glycolysis under continuous flow conditions, is demonstrated. It is shown that the protocell-nested enzymes and bacterial cells exhibit enhanced activities and stability under deleterious operating conditions compared with their non-encapsulated counterparts. These results provide a step toward the engineering of continuous flow reactors based on cell-like microscale agents and offer opportunities in the development of green and sustainable industrial bioprocessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Xiayi Liu
- Bristol Dental School Research Laboratories, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School Research Laboratories, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Ananya Mishra
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
- Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Avinash J Patil
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Stephen Mann
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
- Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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Farkas E, Sátorhelyi P, Szakács Z, Dékány M, Vaskó D, Hornyánszky G, Poppe L, Éles J. Transaminase-catalysis to produce trans-4-substituted cyclohexane-1-amines including a key intermediate towards cariprazine. Commun Chem 2024; 7:86. [PMID: 38637664 PMCID: PMC11026398 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cariprazine-the only single antipsychotic drug in the market which can handle all symptoms of bipolar I disorder-involves trans-4-substituted cyclohexane-1-amine as a key structural element. In this work, production of trans-4-substituted cyclohexane-1-amines was investigated applying transaminases either in diastereotope selective amination starting from the corresponding ketone or in diastereomer selective deamination of their diasteromeric mixtures. Transaminases were identified enabling the conversion of the cis-diastereomer of four selected cis/trans-amines with different 4-substituents to the corresponding ketones. In the continuous-flow experiments aiming the cis diastereomer conversion to ketone, highly diastereopure trans-amine could be produced (de > 99%). The yield of pure trans-isomers exceeding their original amount in the starting mixture could be explained by dynamic isomerization through ketone intermediates. The single transaminase-catalyzed process-exploiting the cis-diastereomer selectivity of the deamination and thermodynamic control favoring the trans-amines due to reversibility of the steps-allows enhancement of the productivity of industrial cariprazine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emese Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary.
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475, Budapest, Hungary.
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Sátorhelyi
- Fermentia Microbiological Ltd., Berlini út 47-49, 1405, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Miklós Dékány
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Vaskó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Hornyánszky
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Poppe
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary.
- Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Arany János str. 11., 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - János Éles
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475, Budapest, Hungary.
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Heinks T, Koopmeiners S, Montua N, Sewald N, Höhne M, Bornscheuer UT, Fischer von Mollard G. Co-Immobilization of a Multi-Enzyme Cascade: (S)-Selective Amine Transaminases, l-Amino Acid Oxidase and Catalase. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300425. [PMID: 37368451 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme cascade was established previously consisting of a recycling system with an l-amino acid oxidase (hcLAAO4) and a catalase (hCAT) for different α-keto acid co-substrates of (S)-selective amine transaminases (ATAs) in kinetic resolutions of racemic amines. Only 1 mol % of the co-substrate was required and l-amino acids instead of α-keto acids could be applied. However, soluble enzymes cannot be reused easily. Immobilization of hcLAAO4, hCAT and the (S)-selective ATA from Vibrio fluvialis (ATA-Vfl) was addressed here. Immobilization of the enzymes together rather than on separate beads showed higher reaction rates most likely due to fast co-substrate channeling between ATA-Vfl and hcLAAO4 due to their close proximity. Co-immobilization allowed further reduction of the co-substrate amount to 0.1 mol % most likely due to a more efficient H2 O2 -removal caused by the stabilized hCAT and its proximity to hcLAAO4. Finally, the co-immobilized enzyme cascade was reused in 3 cycles of preparative kinetic resolutions to produce (R)-1-PEA with high enantiomeric purity (97.3 %ee). Further recycling was inefficient due to the instability of ATA-Vfl, while hcLAAO4 and hCAT revealed high stability. An engineered ATA-Vfl-8M was used in the co-immobilized enzyme cascade to produce (R)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanamine, an apremilast-intermediate, with a 1,000 fold lower input of the co-substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heinks
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Simon Koopmeiners
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nicolai Montua
- Faculty of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Faculty of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Höhne
- Department of Chemistry/Biocatalysis, Technische Universität Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Str. 10, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
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Comparison of Four Immobilization Methods for Different Transaminases. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocatalytic syntheses often require unfavorable conditions, which can adversely affect enzyme stability. Consequently, improving the stability of biocatalysts is needed, and this is often achieved by immobilization. In this study, we aimed to compare the stability of soluble and immobilized transaminases from different species. A cysteine in a consensus sequence was converted to a single aldehyde by the formylglycine-generating enzyme for directed single-point attachment to amine beads. This immobilization was compared to cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) and multipoint attachments to glutaraldehyde-functionalized amine- and epoxy-beads. Subsequently, the reactivity and stability (i.e., thermal, storage, and solvent stability) of all soluble and immobilized transaminases were analyzed and compared under different conditions. The effect of immobilization was highly dependent on the type of enzyme, the immobilization strategy, and the application itself, with no superior immobilization technique identified. Immobilization of HAGA-beads often resulted in the highest activities of up to 62 U/g beads, and amine beads were best for the hexameric transaminase from Luminiphilus syltensis. Furthermore, the immobilization of transaminases enabled its reusability for at least 10 cycles, while maintaining full or high activity. Upscaled kinetic resolutions (partially performed in a SpinChemTM reactor) resulted in a high conversion, maintained enantioselectivity, and high product yields, demonstrating their applicability.
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Lu Y, Wang J, Xu H, Zhang C, Cheng P, Du L, Tang L, Li J, Ou Z. Efficient Synthesis of Key Chiral Intermediate in Painkillers (R)-1-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanamine by Bienzyme Cascade System with R-ω-Transaminase and Alcohol Dehydrogenase Functions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217331. [PMID: 36364166 PMCID: PMC9655816 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanamine, a key chiral intermediate of selective tetrodotoxin-sensitive blockers, was efficiently synthesized by a bienzyme cascade system formed by with R-ω-transaminase (ATA117) and an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) co-expression system. Herein, we report that the use of ATA117 as the biocatalyst for the amination of 3,5-bistrifluoromethylacetophenone led to the highest efficiency in product performance (enantiomeric excess > 99.9%). Moreover, to further improve the product yield, ADH was introduced into the reaction system to promote an equilibrium shift. Additionally, bienzyme cascade system was constructed by five different expression systems, including two tandem expression recombinant plasmids (pETDuet-ATA117-ADH and pACYCDuet-ATA117-ADH) and three co-expressed dual-plasmids (pETDuet-ATA117/pET28a-ADH, pACYCDuet-ATA117/pET28a-ADH, and pACYCDuet-ATA117/pETDuet-ADH), utilizing recombinant engineered bacteria. Subsequent studies revealed that as compared with ATA117 single enzyme, the substrate handling capacity of BL21(DE3)/pETDuet-ATA117-ADH (0.25 g wet weight) developed for bienzyme cascade system was increased by 1.50 folds under the condition of 40 °C, 180 rpm, 0.1 M pH9 Tris-HCl for 24 h. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first report demonstrating the production of (R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanamine using a bienzyme cascade system, thus providing valuable insights into the biosynthesis of chiral amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jinmei Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Haobo Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chuyue Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Pengpeng Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lihua Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lan Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Z.O.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-88320320 (Z.O.)
| | - Zhimin Ou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Z.O.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-88320320 (Z.O.)
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6
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Gal CA, Barabás LE, Varga A, Csuka P, Bencze LC, Toșa MI, Poppe L, Paizs C. How to identify and characterize novel transaminases? Two novel transaminases with opposite enantioselectivity for the synthesis of optically active amines. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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7
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Kaličanin N, Kovačević G, Spasojević M, Prodanović O, Jovanović-Šanta S, Škorić D, Opsenica D, Prodanović R. Immobilization of ArRMut11 omega-transaminase for increased operational stability and reusability in the synthesis of 3α-amino-5α-androstan-17β-ol. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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8
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Kamanina OA, Saverina EA, Rybochkin PV, Arlyapov VA, Vereshchagin AN, Ananikov VP. Preparation of Hybrid Sol-Gel Materials Based on Living Cells of Microorganisms and Their Application in Nanotechnology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1086. [PMID: 35407203 PMCID: PMC9000353 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microorganism-cell-based biohybrid materials have attracted considerable attention over the last several decades. They are applied in a broad spectrum of areas, such as nanotechnologies, environmental biotechnology, biomedicine, synthetic chemistry, and bioelectronics. Sol-gel technology allows us to obtain a wide range of high-purity materials from nanopowders to thin-film coatings with high efficiency and low cost, which makes it one of the preferred techniques for creating organic-inorganic matrices for biocomponent immobilization. This review focuses on the synthesis and application of hybrid sol-gel materials obtained by encapsulation of microorganism cells in an inorganic matrix based on silicon, aluminum, and transition metals. The type of immobilized cells, precursors used, types of nanomaterials obtained, and their practical applications were analyzed in detail. In addition, techniques for increasing the microorganism effective time of functioning and the possibility of using sol-gel hybrid materials in catalysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Kamanina
- Tula State University, Lenin pr. 92, 300012 Tula, Russia; (O.A.K.); (E.A.S.); (P.V.R.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Evgeniya A. Saverina
- Tula State University, Lenin pr. 92, 300012 Tula, Russia; (O.A.K.); (E.A.S.); (P.V.R.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Pavel V. Rybochkin
- Tula State University, Lenin pr. 92, 300012 Tula, Russia; (O.A.K.); (E.A.S.); (P.V.R.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Vyacheslav A. Arlyapov
- Tula State University, Lenin pr. 92, 300012 Tula, Russia; (O.A.K.); (E.A.S.); (P.V.R.); (V.A.A.)
| | | | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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9
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Computer Modeling Explains the Structural Reasons for the Difference in Reactivity of Amine Transaminases Regarding Prochiral Methylketones. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020777. [PMID: 35054965 PMCID: PMC8776209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amine transaminases (ATAs) are pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes that catalyze the transfer of an amino group from an amino donor to an aldehyde and/or ketone. In the past decade, the enzymatic reductive amination of prochiral ketones catalyzed by ATAs has attracted the attention of researchers, and more traditional chemical routes were replaced by enzymatic ones in industrial manufacturing. In the present work, the influence of the presence of an α,β-unsaturated system in a methylketone model substrate was investigated, using a set of five wild-type ATAs, the (R)-selective from Aspergillus terreus (Atr-TA) and Mycobacterium vanbaalenii (Mva-TA), the (S)-selective from Chromobacterium violaceum (Cvi-TA), Ruegeria pomeroyi (Rpo-TA), V. fluvialis (Vfl-TA) and an engineered variant of V. fluvialis (ATA-256 from Codexis). The high conversion rate (80 to 99%) and optical purity (78 to 99% ee) of both (R)- and (S)-ATAs for the substrate 1-phenyl-3-butanone, using isopropylamine (IPA) as an amino donor, were observed. However, the double bond in the α,β-position of 4-phenylbut-3-en-2-one dramatically reduced wild-type ATA reactivity, leading to conversions of <10% (without affecting the enantioselectivity). In contrast, the commercially engineered V. fluvialis variant, ATA-256, still enabled an 87% conversion, yielding a corresponding amine with >99% ee. Computational docking simulations showed the differences in orientation and intermolecular interactions in the active sites, providing insights to rationalize the observed experimental results.
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Manfrão‐Netto JHC, Lund F, Muratovska N, Larsson EM, Parachin NS, Carlquist M. Metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas putida for production of vanillylamine from lignin-derived substrates. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2448-2462. [PMID: 33533574 PMCID: PMC8601178 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-cell bioconversion of technical lignins using Pseudomonas putida strains overexpressing amine transaminases (ATAs) has the potential to become an eco-efficient route to produce phenolic amines. Here, a novel cell growth-based screening method to evaluate the in vivo activity of recombinant ATAs towards vanillylamine in P. putida KT2440 was developed. It allowed the identification of the native enzyme Pp-SpuC-II and ATA from Chromobacterium violaceum (Cv-ATA) as highly active towards vanillylamine in vivo. Overexpression of Pp-SpuC-II and Cv-ATA in the strain GN442ΔPP_2426, previously engineered for reduced vanillin assimilation, resulted in 94- and 92-fold increased specific transaminase activity, respectively. Whole-cell bioconversion of vanillin yielded 0.70 ± 0.20 mM and 0.92 ± 0.30 mM vanillylamine, for Pp-SpuC-II and Cv-ATA, respectively. Still, amine production was limited by a substantial re-assimilation of the product and formation of the by-products vanillic acid and vanillyl alcohol. Concomitant overexpression of Cv-ATA and alanine dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis increased the production of vanillylamine with ammonium as the only nitrogen source and a reduction in the amount of amine product re-assimilation. Identification and deletion of additional native genes encoding oxidoreductases acting on vanillin are crucial engineering targets for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fredrik Lund
- Division of Applied MicrobiologyDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringLund UniversityPO Box 124Lund221 00Sweden
- Present address:
Applied MicrobiologyLund UniversityKemicentrum, Naturvetarvägen 14Lund22100Sweden
| | - Nina Muratovska
- Division of Applied MicrobiologyDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringLund UniversityPO Box 124Lund221 00Sweden
- Present address:
Applied MicrobiologyLund UniversityKemicentrum, Naturvetarvägen 14Lund22100Sweden
| | - Elin M. Larsson
- Division of Applied MicrobiologyDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringLund UniversityPO Box 124Lund221 00Sweden
- Department of BioengineeringCalifornia Institute of Technology1200 East California BlvdPasadenaCA91125USA
- Present address:
Applied MicrobiologyLund UniversityKemicentrum, Naturvetarvägen 14Lund22100Sweden
| | - Nádia Skorupa Parachin
- Grupo Engenharia de BiocatalisadoresInstituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade de BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil
- Present address:
Ginkgo Bioworks27 Drydock AveBostonMA02210USA
| | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied MicrobiologyDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringLund UniversityPO Box 124Lund221 00Sweden
- Present address:
Applied MicrobiologyLund UniversityKemicentrum, Naturvetarvägen 14Lund22100Sweden
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11
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Lee S, Jeon H, Giri P, Lee UJ, Jung H, Lim S, Sarak S, Khobragade TP, Kim BG, Yun H. The Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds Using Native Amine Dehydrogenase from Laribacter hongkongensis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Schwarz M, Murphy EJ, Foley AM, Woods DF, Castilla IA, Reen FJ, Collins SG, O'Gara F, Maguire AR. Exploring the synthetic potential of a marine transaminase including discrimination at a remote stereocentre. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:188-198. [PMID: 33119023 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01848a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The marine transaminase, P-ω-TA, can be employed for the transamination from 1-aminotetralins and 1-aminoindanes with differentiation of stereochemistry at both the site of reaction and at a remote stereocentre resulting in formation of ketone products with up to 93% ee. While 4-substituents are tolerated on the tetralin core, the presence of 3- or 8-substituents is not tolerated by the transaminase. In general P-ω-TA shows capacity for remote diastereoselectivity, although both the stereoselectivity and efficiency are dependent on the specific substrate structure. Optimum efficiency and selectivity are seen with 4-haloaryl-1-aminotetralins and 3-haloaryl-1-aminoindanes, which may be associated with the marine origin of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schwarz
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 K8AF, Cork, Ireland.
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13
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Adebar N, Nastke A, Gröger H. Concepts for flow chemistry with whole-cell biocatalysts. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00331j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
By combining continuous flow processing and biocatalysis, efficient, stable and cost-effective processes can be realised. In this review, an overview about different concepts for continuous flow processes based on the use of whole-cells as catalysts is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Alina Nastke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
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14
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Structural and Functional Analysis of the Only Two Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate-Dependent Fold Type IV Transaminases in Bacillus altitudinis W3. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminotransferases are employed as industrial biocatalysts to produce chiral amines with high enantioselectivity and yield. BpTA-1 and BpTA-2 are the only two pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent fold type IV transaminase enzymes in Bacillus altitudinis W3. Herein, we compared the structures and biochemical characteristics of BpTA-1 and BpTA-2 using bioinformatic analysis, circular dichroism spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and other approaches. BpTA-1 and BpTA-2 are similar overall; both form homodimers and utilize a catalytic lysine. However, there are distinct differences in the substrate cofactor-binding pocket, molecular weight and the proportion of the secondary structure. Both enzymes have the same stereoselectivity but different enzymatic properties. BpTA-2 is more active under partial alkaline and ambient temperature conditions and BpTA-1 is more sensitive to pH and temperature. BpTA-2 as novel enzyme not only fills the building blocks of transaminase but also has broader industrial application potential for (R)-α-phenethylamines than BpTA-1. Structure-function relationships were explored to assess similarities and differences. The findings lay the foundation for modifying these enzymes via protein engineering to enhance their industrial application potential.
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15
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Velasco-Lozano S, Jackson E, Ripoll M, López-Gallego F, Betancor L. Stabilization of ω-transaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens by immobilization techniques. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4318-4328. [PMID: 32898544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Transaminases are a class of enzymes with promising applications for the preparation and resolution of a vast diversity of valued amines. Their poor operational stability has fueled many investigations on its stabilization due to their biotechnological relevance. In this work, we screened the stabilization of the tetrameric ω-transaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PfωTA) through both carrier-bound and carrier-free immobilization techniques. The best heterogeneous biocatalyst was the PfωTA immobilized as cross-linked enzyme aggregates (PfωTA-CLEA) which resulted after studying different parameters as the precipitant, additives and glutaraldehyde concentrations. The best conditions for maximum recovered activity (29 %) and maximum thermostability at 60 ºC and 70 ºC (100 % and 71 % residual activity after 1 h, respectively) were achieved by enzyme precipitation with 90% acetone or ethanol, in presence of BSA (100 mg/mL) and employing glutaraldehyde (100 mM) as cross-linker. Studies on different conditions for PfωTA-CLEA preparation yielded a biocatalyst that exhibited 31 and 4.6 times enhanced thermal stability at 60 °C and 70 °C, respectively, compared to its soluble counterpart. The PfωTA-CLEA was successfully used in the bioamination of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde to 4-hydroxybenzylamine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing a transaminase cross-linked enzyme aggregates as immobilization strategy to generate a biocatalyst with outstanding thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Catálisis Heterogénea en Síntesis Orgánicas Selectivas, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CICbiomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Erienne Jackson
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Cuareim 1441, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Magdalena Ripoll
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Cuareim 1441, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Catálisis Heterogénea en Síntesis Orgánicas Selectivas, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CICbiomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lorena Betancor
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Cuareim 1441, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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16
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Abstract
The rapid evolution of enzyme technology has enabled new reactions and processes with a level of efficiency which was unimaginable only a few years ago [...]
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17
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Semproli R, Vaccaro G, Ferrandi EE, Vanoni M, Bavaro T, Marrubini G, Annunziata F, Conti P, Speranza G, Monti D, Tamborini L, Ubiali D. Use of Immobilized Amine Transaminase from
Vibrio fluvialis
under Flow Conditions for the Synthesis of (
S
)‐1‐(5‐Fluoropyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐ethanamine. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Semproli
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
| | - Gianmarco Vaccaro
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Erica E. Ferrandi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) - CNR Via Bianco 9 Milano I-20131 Italy
| | - Marta Vanoni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) - CNR Via Bianco 9 Milano I-20131 Italy
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
| | - Giorgio Marrubini
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) - CNR Via Bianco 9 Milano I-20131 Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Milano Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano I-20133 Italy
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department of Drug SciencesUniversity of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 Pavia I-27100 Italy
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18
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De Santis P, Meyer LE, Kara S. The rise of continuous flow biocatalysis – fundamentals, very recent developments and future perspectives. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00335b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Very recent developments in the field of biocatalysis in continuously operated systems. Special attention on the future perspectives in this key emerging technological area ranging from process analytical technologies to digitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera De Santis
- Aarhus University
- Department of Engineering, Biological and Chemical Engineering Section
- Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group
- DK 8000 Aarhus
- Denmark
| | - Lars-Erik Meyer
- Aarhus University
- Department of Engineering, Biological and Chemical Engineering Section
- Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group
- DK 8000 Aarhus
- Denmark
| | - Selin Kara
- Aarhus University
- Department of Engineering, Biological and Chemical Engineering Section
- Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group
- DK 8000 Aarhus
- Denmark
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19
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Lakó Á, Molnár Z, Mendonça R, Poppe L. Transaminase-mediated synthesis of enantiopure drug-like 1-(3′,4′-disubstituted phenyl)propan-2-amines. RSC Adv 2020; 10:40894-40903. [PMID: 35519186 PMCID: PMC9057730 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transaminases (TAs) offer an environmentally and economically attractive method for the direct synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant disubstituted 1-phenylpropan-2-amine derivatives starting from prochiral ketones. In this work, we report the application of immobilised whole-cell biocatalysts with (R)-transaminase activity for the synthesis of novel disubstituted 1-phenylpropan-2-amines. After optimisation of the asymmetric synthesis, the (R)-enantiomers could be produced with 88–89% conversion and >99% ee, while the (S)-enantiomers could be selectively obtained as the unreacted fraction of the corresponding racemic amines in kinetic resolution with >48% conversion and >95% ee. Immobilised whole-cell (R)-transaminases (TAs) enabled synthesis of either (R)- or (S)-enantiomers of drug-like amines from prochiral ketones or from racemic amines, respectively, in >95% ee.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Lakó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- 1111 Budapest
- Hungary
- Hovione Farmaciência, S.A
| | - Zsófia Molnár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- 1111 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Ricardo Mendonça
- Hovione Farmaciência, S.A
- Campus do Lumiar
- 1649-038 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - László Poppe
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- 1111 Budapest
- Hungary
- Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Center
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20
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Using Choline Chloride-Based DESs as Co-Solvent for 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl) Acetophenone Bioreduction with Rhodococcus erythropolis XS1012. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(S)-3,5-Bistrifluoromethylphenyl ethanol((S)-BTPE) is a key pharmaceutical intermediate of the NK-1 receptor antagonist. The asymmetric bioreduction of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) acetophenone (BTAP) to (S)-BTPE using Rhodococcus erythropolis XS1012 has been established in a phosphate buffer system. To overcome the problem of unsatisfactory yields at high substrate concentration, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been introduced to the buffer system. After screening 13 kinds of choline chloride-based DESs, [choline chloride][urea] ([ChCl][U]) showed great influence on the cell activity and significantly increased the cell membrane permeability. Subsequently, some major parameters for this reaction were determined. A remarkable (S)-BTPE yield of 91.9% was gained at 150 mM substrate concentration under optimized reaction conditions with >99.9% product enantioselectivity. Compared to reduction in a buffer system, the developed [ChCl][U]-containing system increased the yield from 82.6% to 91.9%. It maintains a yield of 80.7% with the substrate concentration up to 300 mM, compared to only 63.0% in buffer system. This study demonstrated that [ChCl][U] is a feasible co-solvent to improve the bioreduction process.
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21
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Romero-Fernández M, Paradisi F. Protein immobilization technology for flow biocatalysis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 55:1-8. [PMID: 31865258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic immobilization has been at the forefront of applied biocatalysis as it enables convenient isolation and reuse of the catalyst if the target reaction is conducted in batch, and it has opened up significant opportunities to conduct biocatalysis in continuous mode. Over the last few years, an array of techniques to immobilize enzymes have been developed, spanning from covalent multipoint attachment to noncovalent electrostatic strategies to rational architecture to suitably orient the enzyme(s). In addition, new materials have been adapted to support biological catalysts. Here, we discuss the advances of the last two years in enzyme immobilization for continuous flow applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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22
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Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Amines to Enantiopure (S)-amines by a Biocatalytic Cascade Employing Amine Dehydrogenase and Alanine Dehydrogenase. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9070600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) efficiently catalyze the NAD(P)H-dependent asymmetric reductive amination of prochiral carbonyl substrates with high enantioselectivity. AmDH-catalyzed oxidative deamination can also be used for the kinetic resolution of racemic amines to obtain enantiopure amines. In the present study, kinetic resolution was carried out using a coupled-enzyme cascade consisting of AmDH and alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH). AlaDH efficiently catalyzed the conversion of pyruvate to alanine, thus recycling the nicotinamide cofactors and driving the reaction forward. The ee values obtained for the kinetic resolution of 25 and 50 mM rac-α-methylbenzylamine using the purified enzymatic systems were only 54 and 43%, respectively. The use of whole-cells apparently reduced the substrate/product inhibition, and the use of only 30 and 40 mgDCW/mL of whole-cells co-expressing AmDH and AlaDH efficiently resolved 100 mM of rac-2-aminoheptane and rac-α-methylbenzylamine into the corresponding enantiopure (S)-amines. Furthermore, the applicability of the reaction protocol demonstrated herein was also successfully tested for the efficient kinetic resolution of wide range of racemic amines.
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