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Ma J, Zhang JH, Zhang HW, Du QQ, Li ZX, Yang ZF, Yang SS, Zhou DY. Highly effective synthesis of novel structured phospholipid emulsifiers using magnetically recyclable Fe 3O 4@SiO 2/M (M = Zn or Al) composite. Food Chem 2024; 433:137313. [PMID: 37678122 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
It is of great importance to develop a most efficient, recyclable, and ecofriendly process to produce novel structured phospholipid emulsifiers. Herein, innovative medium-chain structured phospholipid (MCSPL) emulsifiers were synthesized through transesterification of soybean lecithins with medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) promoted by Zn- or Al-incorporated Fe3O4@SiO2, denoted by Fe3O4@SiO2/M (M = Zn or Al). Resultingly, Fe3O4@SiO2/M (M = Zn or Al) exhibited the most superior reactivity with 97.1% or 88.7% MCFA incorporation to other benchmark catalysts and also had excellent magnetic separability and recyclability. Noticeably, targeted MCSPLs possessed almost more superior emulsifying properties to other phospholipid emulsifiers, and had potential for use as oil-in-water emulsifiers. Conclusively, the present findings demonstrate that transesterification promoted by Fe3O4@SiO2/M (M = Zn or Al) can be a promising approach for green, economic, and highly effective synthesis of novel dual-function phospholipid emulsifiers with bioactive and emulsifying properties in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ma
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Hua-Wei Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qian-Qian Du
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Li
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Yang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Sha-Sha Yang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Da-Yong Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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Santos-Luna D, Sixto-López Y, Bravo-Alfaro D, Cano-Sarmiento C, García H, Correa-Basurto J. Design and simulation of a caprylic acid enzymatically modified phosphatidylcholine micelle using a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13902-13913. [PMID: 36826442 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2180434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Computationally simulated micelle models provide useful structural information on the molecular and biological sciences. One strategy to study the self-aggregation process of surfactant molecules that make up a micelle is through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this study, a theoretical approach with a coarse-grained MD simulation (CG-MD) was employed to evaluate the critical micellar concentration (CMC), the micellization process, building a tridimensional (3D) model system of a micelle using data from the experimentally enzymatically modified phospholipids (PL) by phospholipase A1 (PA1). This required enzymatic interesterification of soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC) with caprylic acid, along with purification and characterization by chromatographic techniques to measure the esterified fatty acids and the corresponding PL composition. The number of molecules used in the CG-MD simulation system was determined from the experimental CMC data which was 0.025%. The molecular composition of the system is: 1 C 18:2, 2 C 8:0/8:0, 3 C 8:0/18:3n-9, 4 C 8:0/18:0, 5 C8:0/18:2n-6, 6 C8:0/18:1n-9, and 7 C 8:0/16:0. According to our theoretical results, the micelle model is structurally stable with an average Rg of 3.64 ± 0.10 Å, and might have an elliptical form with a radius of 24.6 Å. Regarding CMC value there was a relationship between the experimental data of the modified PLs and the theoretical analysis by GC-MD, which suggest that the enzymatic modification of PLs does not affect their self-aggregation properties. Finally, the micellar system obtained in the current research can be used as a simple and useful model to design optimal biocompatible nanoemulsions as possible vehicles for bioactive small molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Santos-Luna
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Veracruz, Veracruz, México
| | - Yudibeth Sixto-López
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation) SEPI-ESM, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego Bravo-Alfaro
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Veracruz, Veracruz, México
| | - Cynthia Cano-Sarmiento
- CONACyT-Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnologico Nacional de México/IT de Veracruz, Veracruz, México
| | - Hugo García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Veracruz, Veracruz, México
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation) SEPI-ESM, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Cheng K, Zhang J, Yang S, Yin F, Li Z, Wang T, Zhou D. Acidolysis of phospholipids with medium-chain fatty acids over M-SBA-15 (M = Zn, Al) silicas as efficient solid catalysts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4714-4723. [PMID: 35191052 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient and sustainable production of structured phospholipids (SPLs) enriched in medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in a heterogeneous manner is crucial for their potential applications in functional foods and drugs. Herein, for the first time, Zn- and Al-incorporated SBA-15 silicas were prepared by the coprecipitation method and further researched for catalytic synthesis of MCFA-enriched SPLs through acidolysis reaction of natural phospholipids with capric or caprylic acid. RESULTS The as-prepared Zn- and Al-incorporated SBA-15 samples exhibited superior catalytic activities under mild experimental conditions (50 °C, 6 h) to commercial homogeneous Lewis acids and benchmark enzymes. Correspondingly, the capric acid and caprylic acid incorporations were respectively achieved up to ~40.25 ± 0.40% (or 35.08 ± 0.09%) and 37.26 ± 0.38% (or 33.02 ± 0.13%) for Zn- (or Al-) incorporated SBA-15 catalyst. Moreover, various methods such as scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and pyridine-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the two catalysts in order to elucidate the possible structure-performance relationship. Accordingly, the above-mentioned satisfactory results are most probably due to the well-ordered mesostructures and large amounts of active Lewis acid sites existing in the investigated materials. Noticeably, the two catalysts featured good separation and excellent recyclability as well. CONCLUSION The Zn- and Al-incorporated SBA-15 catalysts studied in this work might shed light on novel, sustainable and economic alternatives for effective SPL production to diminish the applications of conventional homogeneous catalysts and biocatalysts in food industries. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianghua Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Shasha Yang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Fawen Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Dayong Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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Zhang J, Cheng K, Li H, Yin F, Wang Q, Cui L, Yang S, Nie J, Zhou D, Zhu B. Efficient Synthesis of Structured Phospholipids Containing Short-Chain Fatty Acids over a Sulfonated Zn-SBA-15 Catalyst. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12444-12453. [PMID: 33079531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic production of structured phospholipids (SPLs) containing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in an efficient heterogeneous manner is of great importance from the standpoint of food engineering. Herein, a bifunctionalized sulfonated Zn-SBA-15 catalyst was studied for SPL synthesis through interesterification of soybean lecithin with ethyl propionate or methyl butyrate. Various characterization techniques such as pyridine Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were conducted to determine the physicochemical properties, so as to build the possible structure-reactivity relationship of the catalyst. In screening tests with commercial Amberlyst-15 or other SBA-15-type materials, the as-prepared sample showed promising catalytic performance probably owing to its mesoporous structure and cooperative role of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites. Notably, the sample was easily separated and recycled without obvious deactivation. In general, the investigated catalyst was regarded as one of the promising alternatives to otherwise expensive biocatalysts for SCFA-containing SPL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Pharmaceutical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Fawen Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qiaoe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Li Cui
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shasha Yang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jinggang Nie
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Dayong Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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