1
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Norgren J, Kåreholt I, Sindi S. Is there evidence of a ketogenic effect of coconut oil? Commentary: Effect of the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene and/or coconut oil on anthropometric variables in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A pilot study. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1333933. [PMID: 38260082 PMCID: PMC10801075 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1333933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Norgren
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Research and Development Unit, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Kåreholt
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shireen Sindi
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Wang Z, Zhang D, Cheng C, Lin Z, Zhou D, Sun Y, Li W, Yan J, Luo S, Qian Z, Li Z, Huang G. Supplementation of Medium-Chain Triglycerides Combined with Docosahexaenoic Acid Inhibits Amyloid Beta Protein Deposition by Improving Brain Glucose Metabolism in APP/PS1 Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4244. [PMID: 37836528 PMCID: PMC10574179 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The deterioration of brain glucose metabolism predates the clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) positively improve brain glucose metabolism and decrease the expression of AD-related proteins. However, the effects of the combined intervention are unclear. The present study explored the effects of the supplementation of MCTs combined with DHA in improving brain glucose metabolism and decreasing AD-related protein expression levels in APP/PS1 mice. The mice were assigned into four dietary treatment groups: the control group, MCTs group, DHA group, and MCTs + DHA group. The corresponding diet of the respective groups was fed to mice from the age of 3 to 11 months. The results showed that the supplementation of MCTs combined with DHA could increase serum octanoic acid (C8:0), decanoic acid (C10:0), DHA, and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) levels; improve glucose metabolism; and reduce nerve cell apoptosis in the brain. Moreover, it also aided with decreasing the expression levels of amyloid beta protein (Aβ), amyloid precursor protein (APP), β-site APP cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1), and presenilin-1 (PS1) in the brain. Furthermore, the supplementation of MCTs + DHA was significantly more beneficial than that of MCTs or DHA alone. In conclusion, the supplementation of MCTs combined with DHA could improve energy metabolism in the brain of APP/PS1 mice, thus decreasing nerve cell apoptosis and inhibiting the expression of Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Dalong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China; (D.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhenzhen Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Dezheng Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Jing Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Suhui Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China; (D.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhenshu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (Z.W.); (C.C.); (Z.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.S.); (W.L.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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3
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Sebag SC, Qian Q, Upara C, Ding Q, Cao H, Hong L, Yang L. A Medium Chain Fatty Acid, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA), Protects Against Obesity and Insulin Resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.19.549684. [PMID: 37502899 PMCID: PMC10370144 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.19.549684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a worldwide health problem, increases the risk for developing metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and diabetes. It is well recognized that obesity-associated chronic inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of systemic metabolic dysfunction. Previously, we revealed an anti-inflammatory role for spent culture supernatants isolated from the oral commensal bacterial species Streptococcus gordonii (Sg-SCS). Here, we identified that 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA), a medium chain fatty acid (MCFA), is the one of the key components of Sg-SCS . We found that treatment of 6-HHA in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) significantly reduced HFD-mediated weight gain which was largely attributed to a decrease in fat mass. Systemically, 6-HHA improves obesity-associated glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Furthermore, administration of 6-HHA suppressed obesity-associated systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia. At the cellular level, treatment of 6-HHA ameliorated aberrant inflammatory and metabolic transcriptomic signatures in white adipose tissue of mice with diet-induced obesity (HFD). Mechanistically, we found that 6-HHA suppressed adipocyte-proinflammatory cytokine production and lipolysis, the latter through Gαi-mediated signaling. This work provides direct evidence for the anti-obesity effects of a novel MCFA, which could be a new therapeutic treatment for combating obesity. KEY POINTS Hydroxyhexanoic medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are dietary and bacterial-derived energy sources, however, the outcomes of using MCFAs in treating metabolic disorders are diverse and complex. The MCFA 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA) is a metabolite secreted by the oral bacterial commensal species Streptococcus gordonii; here we investigated its role in modulating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic dysfunction. In a murine model of obesity, we found 6-HHA-mediated improvement of diet-mediated adiposity, insulin resistance and inflammation were in part due to actions on white adipose tissue (WAT).6-HHA suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production and lipolysis through Gi-mediated signaling in differentiated white adipocytes.
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4
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Zimbone S, Giuffrida ML, Sabatino G, Di Natale G, Tosto R, Consoli GML, Milardi D, Pappalardo G, Sciacca MFM. Aβ 8-20 Fragment as an Anti-Fibrillogenic and Neuroprotective Agent: Advancing toward Efficient Alzheimer's Disease Treatment. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1126-1136. [PMID: 36857606 PMCID: PMC10020970 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by a spectrum of symptoms associated with memory loss and cognitive decline with deleterious consequences in everyday life. The lack of specific drugs for the treatment and/or prevention of this pathology makes AD an ever-increasing economic and social emergency. Oligomeric species of amyloid-beta (Aβ) are recognized as the primary cause responsible for synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration, playing a crucial role in the onset of the pathology. Several studies have been focusing on the use of small molecules and peptides targeting oligomeric species to prevent Aβ aggregation and toxicity. Among them, peptide fragments derived from the primary sequence of Aβ have also been used to exploit any eventual recognition abilities toward the full-length Aβ parent peptide. Here, we test the Aβ8-20 fragment which contains the self-recognizing Lys-Leu-Val-Phe-Phe sequence and lacks Arg 5 and Asp 7 and the main part of the C-terminus, key points involved in the aggregation pathway and stabilization of the fibrillary structure of Aβ. In particular, by combining chemical and biological techniques, we show that Aβ8-20 does not undergo random coil to β sheet conformational transition, does not form amyloid fibrils by itself, and is not toxic for neuronal cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that Aβ8-20 mainly interacts with the 4-11 region of Aβ1-42 and inhibits the formation of toxic oligomeric species and Aβ fibrils. Finally, our data show that Aβ8-20 protects neuron-like cells from Aβ1-42 oligomer toxicity. We propose Aβ8-20 as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Zimbone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Giuffrida
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sabatino
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Natale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Rita Tosto
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Grazia M L Consoli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pappalardo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Michele F M Sciacca
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
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5
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The effect of PC20:0 and di-C7-PC amphiphilic surfactants on the aggregation of Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 using molecular dynamics simulation. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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6
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Cheng X, Tan Y, Li H, Huang J, Zhao D, Zhang Z, Yi M, Zhu L, Hui S, Yang J, Peng W. Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing and multi-compartment metabolomics revealed gut microbiota and metabolites interactions in APP/PS1 mice. Comput Biol Med 2022; 151:106312. [PMID: 36417828 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is a significant public health issue. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays a vital role in the onset and development of Alzheimer's disease. However, the potential role of the gut microbiota and the associated metabolic characteristics require further elucidation. METHODS The gut microbial compositions of APP/PS1 mice were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Metabolomics was used to characterize changes in metabolic profiles in feces, serum, and cortex. A multi-omics approach investigated the potential associations between gut microbes and metabolites. RESULTS The gut microbiota composition was markedly different between APP/PS1 mice and normal mice. Metabolomic analysis identified 253 fecal metabolites, 16 serum metabolites, and 123 cortical metabolites that were differentially abundant in APP/PS1 that may be potential biomarkers of AD. Nearly half of these metabolites were lipids. A combined analysis of the three sample types showed a correlation between fecal fatty acids and glycerolipids, serum glycerophospholipids, and cortical fatty acids. Furthermore, our study showed that Marinifilaceae and Akkermansiaceae were closely related to these lipids and lipid-like molecules, particularly fatty acids and glycerophospholipids. CONCLUSION Our study highlighted the interactions between the gut microbiome and the fecal, serum, and cortical metabolomes. This interaction provides a new direction for further exploring the link between gut microbiota composition and metabolism in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yejun Tan
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, 55455, MN, USA
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Min Yi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Shan Hui
- Department of Geratology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, 410011, China.
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7
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Ablinger I, Dressel K, Rott T, Lauer AA, Tiemann M, Batista JP, Taddey T, Grimm HS, Grimm MOW. Interdisciplinary Approaches to Deal with Alzheimer's Disease-From Bench to Bedside: What Feasible Options Do Already Exist Today? Biomedicines 2022; 10:2922. [PMID: 36428494 PMCID: PMC9687885 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the western population. The incidence of this disease increases with age. Rising life expectancy and the resulting increase in the ratio of elderly in the population are likely to exacerbate socioeconomic problems. Alzheimer's disease is a multifactorial disease. In addition to amyloidogenic processing leading to plaques, and tau pathology, but also other molecular causes such as oxidative stress or inflammation play a crucial role. We summarize the molecular mechanisms leading to Alzheimer's disease and which potential interventions are known to interfere with these mechanisms, focusing on nutritional approaches and physical activity but also the beneficial effects of cognition-oriented treatments with a focus on language and communication. Interestingly, recent findings also suggest a causal link between oral conditions, such as periodontitis or edentulism, and Alzheimer's disease, raising the question of whether dental intervention in Alzheimer's patients can be beneficial as well. Unfortunately, all previous single-domain interventions have been shown to have limited benefit to patients. However, the latest studies indicate that combining these efforts into multidomain approaches may have increased preventive or therapeutic potential. Therefore, as another emphasis in this review, we provide an overview of current literature dealing with studies combining the above-mentioned approaches and discuss potential advantages compared to monotherapies. Considering current literature and intervention options, we also propose a multidomain interdisciplinary approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease patients that synergistically links the individual approaches. In conclusion, this review highlights the need to combine different approaches in an interdisciplinary manner, to address the future challenges of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ablinger
- Speech and Language Therapy, Campus Bonn, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Dressel
- Speech and Language Therapy, Campus Düsseldorf, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 40210 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thea Rott
- Interdisciplinary Periodontology and Prevention, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Anna Andrea Lauer
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tiemann
- Sport Science, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - João Pedro Batista
- Sport Science and Physiotherapy, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Tim Taddey
- Physiotherapy, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Heike Sabine Grimm
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
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8
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Theiss EL, Griebsch LV, Lauer AA, Janitschke D, Erhardt VKJ, Haas EC, Kuppler KN, Radermacher J, Walzer O, Portius D, Grimm HS, Hartmann T, Grimm MOW. Vitamin B12 Attenuates Changes in Phospholipid Levels Related to Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162574. [PMID: 36010649 PMCID: PMC9406929 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is closely linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and is detected peripherally as well as in AD-vulnerable brain regions. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the generation and degradation of reactive oxidative species (ROS), leading to the oxidation of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Extensive lipid changes have been found in post mortem AD brain tissue; these changes include the levels of total phospholipids, sphingomyelin, and ceramide, as well as plasmalogens, which are highly susceptible to oxidation because of their vinyl ether bond at the sn-1 position of the glycerol-backbone. Several lines of evidence indicate that a deficiency in the neurotropic vitamin B12 is linked with AD. In the present study, treatment of the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y with vitamin B12 resulted in elevated levels of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and plasmalogens. Vitamin B12 also protected plasmalogens from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress due to an elevated expression of the ROS-degrading enzymes superoxide-dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, vitamin B12 elevates plasmalogen synthesis by increasing the expression of alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (AGPS) and choline phosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1) in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to H2O2-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Walzer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Dorothea Portius
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Gera, SRH University of Applied Health Science, 07548 Gera, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Hartmann
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
- Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
- Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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9
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Zheng Q, Lee B, Kebede MT, Ivancic VA, Kemeh MM, Brito HL, Spratt DE, Lazo ND. Exchange Broadening Underlies the Enhancement of IDE-Dependent Degradation of Insulin by Anionic Membranes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24757-24765. [PMID: 35874268 PMCID: PMC9301717 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitous zinc metalloprotease implicated in the efficient degradation of insulin monomer. However, IDE also degrades monomers of amyloidogenic peptides associated with disease, complicating the development of IDE inhibitors. In this work, we investigated the effects of the lipid composition of membranes on the IDE-dependent degradation of insulin. Kinetic analysis based on chromatography and insulin's helical circular dichroic signal showed that the presence of anionic lipids in membranes enhances IDE's activity toward insulin. Using NMR spectroscopy, we discovered that exchange broadening underlies the enhancement of IDE's activity. These findings, together with the adverse effects of anionic membranes in the self-assembly of IDE's amyloidogenic substrates, suggest that the lipid composition of membranes is a key determinant of IDE's ability to balance the levels of its physiologically and pathologically relevant substrates and achieve proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Valerie A. Ivancic
- Gustaf H. Carlson School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Merc M. Kemeh
- Gustaf H. Carlson School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Henrique Lemos Brito
- Gustaf H. Carlson School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Donald E. Spratt
- Gustaf H. Carlson School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Noel D. Lazo
- Gustaf H. Carlson School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
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10
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Janitschke D, Lauer AA, Bachmann CM, Winkler J, Griebsch LV, Pilz SM, Theiss EL, Grimm HS, Hartmann T, Grimm MOW. Methylxanthines Induce a Change in the AD/Neurodegeneration-Linked Lipid Profile in Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042295. [PMID: 35216410 PMCID: PMC8875332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an increased plaque burden and tangle accumulation in the brain accompanied by extensive lipid alterations. Methylxanthines (MTXs) are alkaloids frequently consumed by dietary intake known to interfere with the molecular mechanisms leading to AD. Besides the fact that MTX consumption is associated with changes in triglycerides and cholesterol in serum and liver, little is known about the effect of MTXs on other lipid classes, which raises the question of whether MTX can alter lipids in a way that may be relevant in AD. Here we have analyzed naturally occurring MTXs caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, and the synthetic MTXs pentoxifylline and propentofylline also used as drugs in different neuroblastoma cell lines. Our results show that lipid alterations are not limited to triglycerides and cholesterol in the liver and serum, but also include changes in sphingomyelins, ceramides, phosphatidylcholine, and plasmalogens in neuroblastoma cells. These changes comprise alterations known to be beneficial, but also adverse effects regarding AD were observed. Our results give an additional perspective of the complex link between MTX and AD, and suggest combining MTX with a lipid-altering diet compensating the adverse effects of MTX rather than using MTX alone to prevent or treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Janitschke
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Anna Andrea Lauer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Cornel Manuel Bachmann
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Jakob Winkler
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Lea Victoria Griebsch
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Sabrina Melanie Pilz
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Elena Leoni Theiss
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Heike Sabine Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
- Deutsches Institut für Demenzprävention, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
- Deutsches Institut für Demenzprävention, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Science, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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The Impact of Medium Chain and Polyunsaturated ω-3-Fatty Acids on Amyloid-β Deposition, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Dysfunction Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121991. [PMID: 34943094 PMCID: PMC8698946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population, is closely linked to a dysregulated cerebral lipid homeostasis and particular changes in brain fatty acid (FA) composition. The abnormal extracellular accumulation and deposition of the peptide amyloid-β (Aβ) is considered as an early toxic event in AD pathogenesis, which initiates a series of events leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. These include the induction of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, the disruption of calcium homeostasis and membrane integrity, an impairment of cerebral energy metabolism, as well as synaptic and mitochondrial dysfunction. Dietary medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and polyunsaturated ω-3-fatty acids (ω-3-PUFAs) seem to be valuable for disease modification. Both classes of FAs have neuronal health-promoting and cognition-enhancing properties and might be of benefit for patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms by which MCFAs and ω-3-PUFAs reduce the cerebral Aβ deposition, improve brain energy metabolism, and lessen oxidative stress levels.
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