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Chang Y, Sui J, Fu Q, Lu Z, Piao Z, Jin T, Zhang M. Mortalin promotes the evolution of androgen-independent prostate cancer through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:203. [PMID: 38849851 PMCID: PMC11162088 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a major global health concern affecting male individuals. Among its variants, androgen-independent prostate cancer exhibits slow progression and lacks effective treatment targets, rendering it insensitive to hormone therapy. Recent reports have highlighted the significance of Mortalin, an important oncogene, in tumor migration and invasion through various signaling pathways. Experimental evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies indicate upregulated expression of Mortalin in prostate cancer tissues. Moreover, it has been shown to regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby promoting prostate cancer proliferation and metastasis. These findings suggest that Mortalin may serve as a promising novel immunotherapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Department of Health Examination Centre, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Jinyuan Sui
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Zhongqi Lu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Zhengri Piao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China.
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China.
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Department of Health Examination Centre, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China.
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China.
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Guo J, Yan Y, Sun J, Ji K, Hei Z, Zeng L, Xu H, Ren X, Sun Y. Chaperones Hsc70 and Hsp70 play distinct roles in the replication of bocaparvovirus minute virus of canines. Mol Microbiol 2024; 121:1127-1147. [PMID: 38629786 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Minute virus of canines (MVC) belongs to the genus Bocaparvovirus (formerly Bocavirus) within the Parvoviridae family and causes serious respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms in neonatal canines worldwide. A productive viral infection relies on the successful recruitment of host factors for various stages of the viral life cycle. However, little is known about the MVC-host cell interactions. In this study, we identified that two cellular proteins (Hsc70 and Hsp70) interacted with NS1 and VP2 proteins of MVC, and both two domains of Hsc70/Hsp70 were mediated for their interactions. Functional studies revealed that Hsp70 was induced by MVC infection, knockdown of Hsc70 considerably suppressed MVC replication, whereas the replication was dramatically promoted by Hsp70 knockdown. It is interesting that low amounts of overexpressed Hsp70 enhanced viral protein expression and virus production, but high amounts of Hsp70 overexpression weakened them. Upon Hsp70 overexpressing, we observed that the ubiquitination of viral proteins changed with Hsp70 overexpression, and proteasome inhibitor (MG132) restored an accumulation of viral proteins. In addition, we verified that Hsp70 family inhibitors remarkably decreased MVC replication. Overall, we identified Hsc70 and Hsp70 as interactors of MVC NS1 and VP2 proteins and were involved in MVC replication, which may provide novel targets for anti-MVC approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinhan Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Kai Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhiping Hei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huanzhou Xu
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuning Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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3
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Xu Z, Chen X, Zhou H, Sun L, Bai R, Yu W, Yang J, Liu H. The clinical significance of mitochondrial calcium uniporter in gastric cancer patients and its preliminary exploration of the impact on mitochondrial function and metabolism. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1355559. [PMID: 38737905 PMCID: PMC11082321 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1355559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to elucidate the influence of MCU on the clinical pathological features of GC patients, to investigate the function and mechanism of the mitochondrial calcium uptake transporter MCU in the initiation and progression of GC, and to explore its impact on the metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of mitochondria. The ultimate goal is to identify novel targets and strategies for the clinical management of GC patients. Methods Tumor and adjacent tissue specimens were obtained from 205 patients with gastric cancer, and immunohistochemical tests were performed to assess the expression of MCU and its correlation with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis. Data from TCGA, GTEx and GEO databases were retrieved for gastric cancer patients, and bioinformatics analysis was utilized to investigate the association between MCU expression and clinical pathological features. Furthermore, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the role of MCU in GC patients. We investigated the correlation between MCU expression in GC and its impact on mitochondrial function, metabolism, biosynthesis, and immune cells. Additionally, we studied the proteins or molecules that interact with MCU. Results Our research revealed high expression of MCU in the GC tissues. This high expression was associated with poorer T and N staging, and indicated a worse disease-free survival period. MCU expression was positively correlated with mitochondrial function, mitochondrial metabolism, nucleotide, amino acid, and fatty acid synthesis metabolism, and negatively correlated with nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Furthermore, the MCU also regulates the function of the mitochondrial oxidative respiratory chain. The MCU influences the immune cells of GC patients and regulates ROS generation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and resistance to platinum-based drugs in gastric cancer cells. Conclusion High expression of MCU in GC indicates poorer clinical outcomes. The expression of the MCU are affected through impacts the function of mitochondria, energy metabolism, and cellular biosynthesis in gastric cancer cells, thereby influencing the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Therefore, the mitochondrial changes regulated by MCU could be a new focus for research and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Xu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Chang An Hospital, Xian, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Chang An Hospital, Xian, China
| | - Haicun Zhou
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Chang An Hospital, Xian, China
| | - Luming Sun
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Gene Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Lohistica Support force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruobing Bai
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Chang An Hospital, Xian, China
| | - Junhao Yang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Gene Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Lohistica Support force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Gene Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Lohistica Support force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
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Bai Y, Miao Y, Wang J, Gan J, Feng J. Predictive Value and Immunological Role of the HSPA5 Gene in Cervical Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10782-w. [PMID: 38584219 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) ranks fourth among women's malignancies worldwide and seriously affects women's health. HSPA5 is a heat shock protein, also known as glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78). Upregulation of HSPA5 has been reported to be closely associated with multiple types of tumors. However, the specific role of HSPA5 in cervical cancer has not been discovered. In our study, we explored the prognostic value of HSPA5 in CC. Here, we analyzed the (TCGA) and (UCSC) databases, the analysis of HSPA5 in many tumors types was conducted with the "wilcox. test" method. A False Discovery Rate (FDR) value < 0.05 and Log2 | (fold change, FC) |> 1 were set as the cutoffs. "*", "**", and "***" indicate FDR < 0.05, < 0.01, and < 0.001, respectively, and further used human cervical cancer cells for q-PCR and western blotting detection. q-PCR and western blotting results showed that HSPA5 was highly expressed in cervical cancer cells, while it was expressed at low levels in normal cells (P < 0.05).We also analyzed the immunohistochemical data. immunohistochemical analysis results showed that HSPA5 was highly expressed in human cervical cancer, while it was expressed at low levels in normal tissues (P < 0.05). Analysis in TCGA-UCSC showed that the proportion of G3 in the group with high expression of HSPA5 was relatively high (P < 0.05). Enrichment analysis and survival analysis showed that the increased expression of HSPA5 in cervical cancer was related to the survival of CC and was involved in the regulation of biological behavior and molecular signaling pathways of cervical cancer. The correlation analysis of immune checkpoint and immune infiltration showed that HSPA5 was involved in the regulation of immune process of cervical cancer (P < 0.05). Drug sensitivity correlation analysis showed that HSPA5 was a sensitive target for tumor drugs (P < 0.05). In brief, those results suggest that HSPA5 can act as an oncogene of CC development and can serve as an effective predictive biomarker in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Bai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 569Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xian, 710038, Shanxi, China
| | - Yandong Miao
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Jian Gan
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 569Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xian, 710038, Shanxi, China.
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Yang M, Weng K, Guo Y, Huang L, Chen J, Lu H. GRP78 promotes bone metastasis of prostate cancer by regulating bone microenvironment through Sonic hedgehog signaling. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:494-509. [PMID: 38085107 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is the leading cause of tumor-related deaths in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The interactions between PCa and the bone microenvironment form a vicious cycle. However, the complex molecular mechanism by which PCa regulates the bone microenvironment remains unclear. To determine the role of glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in bone metastasis and growth, we established intracardiac injection and tibial injection models, and performed their histological staining. To assess the effect of GRP78 on the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, we performed cell co-culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, alizarin red staining, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. We found that GRP78 is upregulated in PCa tissues and that its upregulation is associated with PCa progression in patients. Functional experiments showed that GRP78 overexpression in PCa cells considerably promotes bone metastasis and induces bone microstructure changes. Silencing GRP78 substantially inhibits the migration and invasion of PCa cells in vitro and bone metastasis and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, GRP78 promotes the migration and invasion of PCa cells via the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway. Cell co-culture showed that GRP78 promotes the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts through Shh signaling. Our findings suggest that tumor-bone matrix interactions owing to GRP78-activated paracrine Shh signaling by PCa cells regulate the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This process promotes bone metastasis and the proliferation of PCa cells in the bone microenvironment. Targeting the GRP78/Shh axis can serve as a therapeutic strategy to prevent bone metastasis and improve the quality of life of patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsheng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kangqiang Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuanqing Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Junquan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Wang J, Zhang J, Guo Z, Hua H, Zhang H, Liu Y, Jiang Y. Targeting HSP70 chaperones by rhein sensitizes liver cancer to artemisinin derivatives. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155156. [PMID: 37897861 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is one of common types of cancer with poor prognosis and limited therapies. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are molecular chaperones that have important roles in tumorigenesis, and emerging as therapeutic targets. Artemisinin and rhein are natural agents from Artemisia annua L. and Rheum undulatum L., respectively. Both rhein and artemisinin have anticancer effects; however, the molecular targets of rhein remain to be identified. It is also unclear whether rhein can synergize with artemisinin derivatives to inhibit liver cancer. PURPOSE We aim to identify the targets of rhein in the treatment of hepatocarcinoma and determine the effects of combining rhein and artemisinin derivatives on liver cancer cells. METHODS The targets of rhein were detected by mass spectrometry and validated by rhein-proteins interaction assays. The effects of rhein on the chaperone activity of HSP72/HSC70/GRP78 were determined by luciferase refolding assays. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. For in vivo study, xenograft tumor models were established and treated with rhein and artesunate. Tumor growth was monitored regularly. RESULTS Mass spectrometry analysis of rhein-binding proteins in HepG2 cells revealed that HSP72, HSC70 and GRP78 were more profoundly pulled down by rhein-crosslinked sepharose 4B beads compared to the control beads. Further experiments demonstrated that rhein directly interacted with HSP72/HSC70/GRP78 proteins, and inhibit their activity of refolding denatured luciferase. Meanwhile, rhein induced proteasomal degradation of HIF1α and β-catenin. Artesunate or dihydroartemisinin in combination with knockdown of both HSP72 and HSC70 significantly inhibited cell viability. The HSP70/HSC70/GRP78 inhibitors VER-155,008 and rhein phenocopied HSP72/HSC70 knockdown, synergizing with artesunate or dihydroartemisinin to inhibit hepatocarcinoma cell viability. Combinatorial treatment with rhein and artemisinin derivatives significantly induced hepatocarcinoma cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrates that rhein is a novel HSP72/HSC70/GRP78 inhibitor that suppresses the chaperone activity of HSP70s. Dual inhibition of HSP72 and HSC70 can enhance the sensitivity of hepatocarcinoma cells to artemisinin derivatives. Combined treatment with artemisinin derivative and rhein significantly inhibits hepatocarcinoma. Artemisinin derivatives in combination with dual inhibition of HSP72 and HSC70 represents a new approach to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Cancer center, Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Cancer center, Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Zeyu Guo
- Cancer center, Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Cancer center, Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Cancer center, Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- Cancer center, Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China.
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Liu Y, Pang Z, Wang J, Wang J, He J, Ji B, Zhang L, Ren M. Heat shock protein family A member 8 is a prognostic marker for bladder cancer: Evidences based on experiments and machine learning. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3995-4008. [PMID: 37771276 PMCID: PMC10746959 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein member 8 (HSPA8) is one of the most abundant chaperones in eukaryotic cells, but its biological roles in bladder cancer (BC) are largely unclear. First, we observed that HSPA8 was abundant in both cell lines and tissues of BC, and the HSPA8-high group had poorer T stages and overall survival (OS) than the HSPA8-low group in the TCGA patients. Next, when we knocked down HSPA8 in BC cells, the growth and migration abilities were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rates were significantly increased, and the Ki67 fluorescence intensity was decreased in BC cells. Moreover, caspase 3 was significantly decreased with overexpression of HSPA8 in BC cells. After that, a machine learning prognostic model was created based on the expression of HSPA8 by applying LASSO Cox regression in TCGA and GEO patients. The model indicated that the low-risk (LR) group with BC had better tumour stages, lymphovascular invasion, and OS than the high-risk (HR) group. Additionally, the risk score was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of BC by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Moreover, the HR group showed a greater rate of TP53 mutations and was mostly enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction pathway than the LR group. Importantly, lower CD8+ T-cell and NK cell infiltration, higher immune exclusion scores, higher expression of PD-L1 and CTLA4 and poorer immune checkpoint therapy effects were found in the HR group. These findings demonstrated how crucial HSPA8 plays a role in determining the prognosis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Zhong‐qi Pang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jian‐she Wang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jin‐feng Wang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jia‐xin He
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Bo Ji
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Ming‐hua Ren
- Department of Urinary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
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Wang S, Wang YF, Yang G, Zhang HH, Yuan HF, Hou CY, Zhao LN, Suo YH, Sun J, Sun LL, Lv P, Sun Y, Zhang NN, Zhang XD, Lu W. Heat shock protein family A member 8 serving as a co-activator of transcriptional factor ETV4 up-regulates PHLDA2 to promote the growth of liver cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2525-2536. [PMID: 37474643 PMCID: PMC10692233 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein family A member 8 (HSPA8) participates in the folding or degradation of misfolded proteins under stress and plays critical roles in cancer. In this study, we investigated the function of HSPA8 in the development of liver cancer. By analyzing the TCGA transcriptome dataset, we found that HSPA8 was upregulated in 134 clinical liver cancer tissue samples, and positively correlated with poor prognosis. IHC staining showed the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of HSPA8 in liver cancer cells. Knockdown of HSPA8 resulted in a decrease in the proliferation of HepG2 and Huh-7 cells. ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis revealed that HSPA8 bound to the promoter of pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 2 (PHLDA2) and regulated its expression. The transcription factor ETV4 in HepG2 cells activated PHLDA2 transcription. HSPA8 and ETV4 could interact with each other in the cells and colocalize in the nucleus. From a functional perspective, we demonstrated that HSPA8 upregulated PHDLA2 through the coactivating transcription factor ETV4 to enhance the growth of liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. From a therapeutic perspective, we identified both HSPA8 and PHDLA2 as novel targets in the treatment of HCC. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that HSPA8 serves as a coactivator of ETV4 and upregulates PHLDA2, leading to the growth of HCC, and is a potential therapeutic target in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu-Fei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hong-Feng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chun-Yu Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Li-Na Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu-Hong Suo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Lin-Lin Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pan Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Venediktov AA, Bushueva OY, Kudryavtseva VA, Kuzmin EA, Moiseeva AV, Baldycheva A, Meglinski I, Piavchenko GA. Closest horizons of Hsp70 engagement to manage neurodegeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1230436. [PMID: 37795273 PMCID: PMC10546621 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1230436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our review seeks to elucidate the current state-of-the-art in studies of 70-kilodalton-weighed heat shock proteins (Hsp70) in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The family has already been shown to play a crucial role in pathological aggregation for a wide spectrum of brain pathologies. However, a slender boundary between a big body of fundamental data and its implementation has only recently been crossed. Currently, we are witnessing an anticipated advancement in the domain with dozens of studies published every month. In this review, we briefly summarize scattered results regarding the role of Hsp70 in the most common NDs including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We also bridge translational studies and clinical trials to portray the output for medical practice. Available options to regulate Hsp70 activity in NDs are outlined, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem A. Venediktov
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Bushueva
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Varvara A. Kudryavtseva
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor A. Kuzmin
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra V. Moiseeva
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Baldycheva
- STEMM Laboratory, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Meglinski
- Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gennadii A. Piavchenko
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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10
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Tan KS, Azman AS, Hassandarvish P, Amelia-Yap ZH, Tan TK, Low VL. Protein Profiling of Aedes aegypti Treated with Streptomyces sp. KSF103 Ethyl Acetate Extract Reveals Potential Insecticidal Targets and Metabolic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12398. [PMID: 37569772 PMCID: PMC10418484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The insecticidal activity of Streptomyces sp. KSF103 ethyl acetate (EA) extract against mosquitoes is known; however, the underlying mechanism behind this activity remains elusive. In this study, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to investigate changes in the protein profile of Aedes aegypti larvae and adults treated with lethal concentrations of 50 (LC50) EA extract. By comparing the treated and untreated mosquitoes, this study aimed to identify proteins or pathways that exhibit alterations, potentially serving as targets for future insecticide development. Treatment with a lethal concentration of EA extract upregulated 15 proteins in larvae, while in adults, 16 proteins were upregulated, and two proteins were downregulated. These proteins were associated with metabolism, protein regulation/degradation, energy production, cellular organization and structure, enzyme activity, and catalysis, as well as calcium ion transport and homeostasis. Notably, ATP synthase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), and ATP citrate synthase were significantly expressed in both groups. Gene ontology analysis indicated a focus on energy metabolic processes. Molecular docking revealed a strong interaction between dodemorph, selagine (compounds from the EA extract), and FBA, suggesting FBA as a potential protein target for insecticide development. Further studies such as Western blot and transcriptomic analyses are warranted to validate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker Shien Tan
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.S.T.); (P.H.); (Z.H.A.-Y.)
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.S.T.); (P.H.); (Z.H.A.-Y.)
| | - Zheng Hua Amelia-Yap
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.S.T.); (P.H.); (Z.H.A.-Y.)
| | - Tiong Kai Tan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Van Lun Low
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.S.T.); (P.H.); (Z.H.A.-Y.)
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11
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Ye J, Wu J, Liu B. Therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188866. [PMID: 36842765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite some advances in targeted therapeutics of human cancers, curative cancer treatment still remains a tremendous challenge due to the occurrence of drug resistance. A variety of underlying resistance mechanisms to targeted cancer drugs have recently revealed that the dual-target therapeutic strategy would be an attractive avenue. Compared to drug combination strategies, one agent simultaneously modulating two druggable targets generally shows fewer adverse reactions and lower toxicity. As a consequence, the dual-target small molecule has been extensively explored to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing drug resistance mechanisms of cancer cells, such as enhanced drug efflux, deregulated cell death, DNA damage repair, and epigenetic alterations. Based upon the resistance mechanisms, we further discuss the current therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance, which will shed new light on exploiting more intricate mechanisms and relevant dual-target drugs for future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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12
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Szelechowski M, Texier B, Prime M, Atamena D, Belenguer P. Mortalin/Hspa9 involvement and therapeutic perspective in Parkinson’s disease. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:293-298. [PMID: 35900406 PMCID: PMC9396523 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.346487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By controlling the proper folding of proteins imported into mitochondria and ensuring crosstalk between the reticulum and mitochondria to modulate intracellular calcium fluxes, Mortalin is a chaperone protein that plays crucial roles in neuronal homeostasis and activity. However, its expression and stability are strongly modified in response to cellular stresses, in particular upon altered oxidative conditions during neurodegeneration. Here, we report and discuss the abundant literature that has highlighted its contribution to the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, as well as its therapeutic and prognostic potential in this still incurable pathology.
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13
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Rai R, Chandra V, Kennedy AL, Zuna RE, Benbrook DM. Distinct mechanism of cervical cancer cell death caused by the investigational new drug SHetA2. Front Oncol 2022; 12:958536. [PMID: 36203464 PMCID: PMC9531157 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.958536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-targetable vulnerabilities of cancer cells include their dependence on heat shock proteins (HSPs) to support elevated mitochondrial metabolism and counteract cell death factors. The investigational new drug SHetA2 targets these vulnerabilities in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells by disrupting complexes of the mortalin HSP with its client proteins (mitochondrial support proteins, metabolic enzymes, p53) leading to mitochondrial leakage of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Our objective was to evaluate the roles of mitochondrial damage and another SHetA2-target HSP protein, cytoplasmic heat shock cognate 70 (hsc70), in the mechanism of SHetA2 killing of cervical cancer cells. Cervical cancer cells responded to SHetA2 with excessive mitophagy that did not deter AIF leakage into the cytoplasm. Then, hsc70 was unable to prevent cytoplasmic AIF nuclear translocation and promotion of DNA damage and cell death, because SHetA2 disrupted hsc70/AIF complexes. The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis found that overexpression of hsc70, but not mortalin, was associated with worse cervical cancer patient survival. Use of specific inhibitors documented that AIF and mitophagy, but not caspases, contributed to the mechanism of SHetA2-induced cell death in cervical cancer cells. As validation, excessive mitophagy and lack of caspase activation were observed in SHetA2-inhibited xenograft tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Rai
- Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Vishal Chandra
- Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Amy L. Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Rosemary E. Zuna
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook
- Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States,Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States,*Correspondence: Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook,
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14
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Gu J, Sun Y, Song J, Zhao R, Di X, Zhang Y, Ge X, Zhang S, Gu Y, Sun X. Irradiation induces DJ-1 secretion from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells to accelerate metastasis of bystander cells via a TGF-β1 positive feedback loop. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:259. [PMID: 36008860 PMCID: PMC9413943 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) can promote tumor metastasis contributing to the failure of radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Aberrant expression of DJ-1 has been identified in ESCC; however, the relationship between DJ-1 and RIBE in ESCC remains unknown. Methods We detected DJ-1 in the serum and cell supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and evaluated tumor metastasis by phenotypic experiments in vivo and in vitro. RNA-seq, mass spectrometry, western blot (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Results DJ-1 was highly expressed in the serum of patients with ESCC receiving radiotherapy and was significantly overexpressed in the medium of ESCC cells receiving irradiation. DJ-1 promoted tumor metastasis via the TGF-β1 pathway. Mechanistic studies revealed that DJ-1 bound to HSC70 to promote Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear aggregation in a protein-interaction manner, which activated the transcription of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). Subsequently, the activation of TGF-β1 by TSP1 re-promoted Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear aggregation, constituting a positive feedback loop to strengthen the metastasis of ESCC cells, which was effectively blocked by LY2109761 and LSKL. Moreover, higher levels of serum DJ-1 in patients with ESCC were related to a poorer prognosis of radiotherapy. Conclusions Irradiation can induce ESCC cells secreting DJ-1. Secreted DJ-1 enters bystander cells to initiate activation of the TGF-β1 pathway via the DJ-1/HSC70/Smad3 signaling axis. The TSP1/TGF-β1/Smad3 positive feedback pathway constitutes the core pathway that promotes ESCC metastasis. DJ-1 is a useful biomarker for predicting the efficacy of radiotherapy and a potential therapeutic target for reversing RIBE in ESCC. Graphical Abstract Schematic diagram showing the underlying mechanism
that irradiation-induced secretion of DJ-1 accelerates the metastasis of
bystander ESCC cells. ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02471-6.
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15
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Potential to Eradicate Cancer Stemness by Targeting Cell Surface GRP78. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070941. [PMID: 35883497 PMCID: PMC9313351 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stemness is proposed to be the main cause of metastasis and tumor relapse after conventional therapy due to the main properties of cancer stem cells. These include unlimited self-renewal, the low percentage in a cell population, asymmetric/symmetric cell division, and the hypothetical different nature for absorbing external substances. As the mechanism of how cancer stemness is maintained remains unknown, further investigation into the basic features of cancer stemness is required. Many articles demonstrated that glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) plays a key role in cancer stemness, suggesting that this molecule is feasible for targeting cancer stem cells. This review summarizes the history of finding cancer stem cells, as well as the functions of GRP78 in cancer stemness, for discussing the possibility of targeting GRP78 to eradicate cancer stemness.
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16
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Fu X, Liu H, Liu J, DiSanto ME, Zhang X. The Role of Heat Shock Protein 70 Subfamily in the Hyperplastic Prostate: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132052. [PMID: 35805135 PMCID: PMC9266107 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men, which is characterized by a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate. BPH troubles the vast majority of aging men worldwide; however, the pathogenetic factors of BPH have not been completely identified. The heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) subfamily, which mainly includes HSP70, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and GRP75, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. HSP70s are overexpressed in the course of BPH and involved in a variety of biological processes, such as cell survival and proliferation, cell apoptosis, epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis, contributing to the development and progress of prostate diseases. These chaperone proteins also participate in oxidative stress, a cellular stress response that takes place under stress conditions. In addition, HSP70s can bind to the androgen receptor (AR) and act as a regulator of AR activity. This interaction of HSP70s with AR provides insight into the importance of the HSP70 chaperone family in BPH pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the function of the HSP70 family in prostate glands and the role of HSP70s in the course of BPH. We also review the potential applications of HSP70s as biomarkers of prostate diseases for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Fu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Michael E. DiSanto
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08028, USA;
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Tran Q, Lee H, Jung JH, Chang SH, Shrestha R, Kong G, Park J, Kim SH, Park KS, Rhee HW, Yun J, Cho MH, Kim KP, Park J. Emerging role of LETM1/GRP78 axis in lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:543. [PMID: 35680871 PMCID: PMC9184611 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04993-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria is called mitophagy. Mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, and apoptosis have been suggested to be interrelated in various human lung carcinomas. Leucine zipper EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein-1 (LETM1) was cloned in an attempt to identify candidate genes for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. LETM1 plays a role in mitochondrial morphology, ion homeostasis, and cell viability. LETM1 has also been shown to be overexpressed in different human cancer tissues, including lung cancer. In the current study, we have provided clear evidence that LETM1 acts as an anchoring protein for the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM). Fragmented mitochondria have been found in lung cancer cells with LETM1 overexpression. In addition, a reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and significant accumulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1B-light chain 3 punctate, which localizes with Red-Mito, was found in LETM1-overexpressed cells, suggesting that mitophagy is upregulated in these cells. Interestingly, glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78; an ER chaperon protein) and glucose-regulated protein 75 kDa (GRP75) were posited to interact with LETM1 in the immunoprecipitated LETM1 of H460 cells. This interaction was enhanced in cells treated with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, a chemical mitophagy inducer. Treatment of cells with honokiol (a GRP78 inhibitor) blocked LETM1-mediated mitophagy, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GRP75 knockout inhibited LETM1-induced autophagy. Thus, GRP78 interacts with LETM1. Taken together, these observations support the notion that the complex formation of LETM1/GRP75/GRP78 might be an important step in MAM formation and mitophagy, thus regulating mitochondrial quality control in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangdon Tran
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratories, Hai Phong International Hospital, Hai Phong City, #18000 Vietnam
| | - Hyunji Lee
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Jae Hun Jung
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Kyunghee University, Yongin, 17104 South Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Chang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Robin Shrestha
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Gyeyeong Kong
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.411948.10000 0001 0523 5122Department of Life Science, Hyehwa Liberal Arts College, Daejeon University, Daejeon, 34520 South Korea
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Physiology and Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26427 Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- grid.42687.3f0000 0004 0381 814XDepartment of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919 Korea
| | - Jeanho Yun
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201 South Korea
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,RNABIO, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13201 South Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Kyunghee University, Yongin, 17104 South Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
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Benbrook DM. SHetA2 Attack on Mortalin and Colleagues in Cancer Therapy and Prevention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:848682. [PMID: 35281109 PMCID: PMC8906462 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.848682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Proteins of the 70-kDa family (HSP70s) do not cause cancer by themselves, but instead protect cells as they transform into cancer. These molecular chaperones bind numerous client proteins and utilize ATP hydrolysis to facilitate proper protein folding, formation of functional complexes and cellular localizations, or degradation of irreparably damaged proteins. Their transient upregulation by stressful situations avoids induction of programmed cell death. Continued upregulation of the mortalin, heat shock cognate (hsc70) and glucose regulated protein 78 (Grp78) support cancer development and progression by supporting pro-proliferative and metabolic functions and repressing pro-death functions of oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. This review describes the discovery and development of a lead anti-cancer compound, sulfur heteroarotinoid A2 (SHetA2, NSC726189), which was originally developed to bind retinoic acid receptors, but was subsequently found to work independently of these receptors. The discovery and validation of mortalin, hsc70 and Grp78 as SHetA2 target proteins is summarized. The documented and hypothesized roles of these HSP70 proteins and their clients in the mechanism of SHetA2 inhibition of cancer without toxicity are discussed. Use of this mechanistic data to evaluate drug action in a cancer clinical trial and develop synergistic drug combinations is explained. Knowledge needed to optimize SHetA2 analogs for use in cancer therapy and prevention is proposed as future directions.
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