1
|
Liu X, Teng L, Dai J, Shao H, Chen R, Li H, Li J, Zou H. Effect of Intraoperative Opioid Dose on Perioperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Glioma. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2159-2167. [PMID: 38617385 PMCID: PMC11016269 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s451455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) are inflammatory biomarkers. Until now, it is unknown the impact of opioid dosage on perioperative immunity in glioma patients. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of intraoperative opioid dosage on perioperative immune perturbations using NLR and LMR as inflammatory biomarkers and evaluate the correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and pathological grade of glioma. Methods The study included 208 patients with primary glioma who underwent glioma resection from February 2012 to November 2019 at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital. Complete blood count (CBC) was collected at 3 time points: one week before surgery, and 24 hours and one week after surgery. Patients were divided into high-dose and low-dose groups, based on the median value of intraoperative opioid dose. The relationships between perioperative NLR, LMR and intraoperative opioid dosage were analyzed using repeated measurement analysis of variance (ANOVA). Correlations between preoperative various factors and pathological grade were analyzed by Spearman analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to assess the predictive performance of the NLR and LMR for pathological grade. Results The NLR (P=0.020) and lower LMR (P=0.037) were statistically significant different between high-dose and low-dose groups one week after surgery. The area under the curve (AUC) of the NLR to identify poor diagnosis was 0.685, which was superior to the LMR (AUC: 0.607) and indicated a correlation between the NLR with pathological grade. The preoperative NLR (P=0.000), LMR (P=0.009), age (P=0.000) and tumor size (P=0.001) exhibited a significant correlation with the pathological grade of glioma. Conclusion Intraoperative opioids in the high-dose group were associated with higher NLR and lower LMR in postoperative glioma patients. The preoperative NLR and LMR demonstrated predictive value for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Teng
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junzhu Dai
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxue Shao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huichao Zou
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khan C, Rusan NM. Using Drosophila to uncover the role of organismal physiology and the tumor microenvironment in cancer. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:289-311. [PMID: 38350736 PMCID: PMC11008779 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis causes over 90% of cancer patient fatalities. Poor prognosis is determined by tumor type, the tumor microenvironment (TME), organ-specific biology, and animal physiology. While model organisms do not fully mimic the complexity of humans, many processes can be studied efficiently owing to the ease of genetic, developmental, and cell biology studies. For decades, Drosophila has been instrumental in identifying basic mechanisms controlling tumor growth and metastasis. The ability to generate clonal populations of distinct genotypes in otherwise wild-type animals makes Drosophila a powerful system to study tumor-host interactions at the local and global scales. This review discusses advancements in tumor biology, highlighting the strength of Drosophila for modeling TMEs and systemic responses in driving tumor progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali Khan
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Nasser M Rusan
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adrados I, García-López L, Aguilar-Aragon M, Maranillo E, Domínguez M. Modeling childhood cancer in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 185:35-48. [PMID: 38556450 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Childhood cancer is a major cause of death in developed countries, and while treatments and survival rates have improved, long-term side effects remain a challenge. The genetic component of pediatric tumors and their aggressive progression, makes the study of childhood cancer a complex area of research. Here, we introduce the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as study model. We emphasize its numerous advantages, including binary gene expression systems that enable precise control over the timing and location of gene expression manipulation, the capacity to combine multiple genes associated with cancer or the testing of human cancer variants within a live, intact animal. As an illustrative example, we focus on the Drosophila cancer paradigm which involves medically relevant genes, the Notch and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. We describe how this cancer paradigm allows assessing two critical aspects of tumorigenesis during juvenile stages: (1) viability (do animals with particular cancer mutations survive into adulthood?), and (2) tumor burden (what percentage of animals bearing the cancer mutations actually develop cancer and what is the extent of the tumor?). We highlight the potential of Drosophila as a molecular therapeutic tool for drug screening and drug repurposing of medicines already approved to treat other diseases in children, thereby accelerating the potential translation of results into humans. This preclinical animal model sustains huge potential and is cost-effective. It allows screening of thousands of compounds and genes at a relatively low cost and human efforts, opening innovative venues to explore more effective and safer treatments of childhood cancer.
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen L, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang Z, Miao Y, Du H, Liu D. The water-soluble subfraction from Artemisia argyi alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory responses via multiple pathways and targets in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117364. [PMID: 38380576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a traditional Chinese medicine, Artemisia argyi has been used medicinally and eaten for more than 2000 years in China. It is widely reported in treating inflammatory diseases such as eczema, dermatitis, arthritis, allergic asthma and colitis. Although several studies claim that its volatile oil and organic reagent extracts have certain anti-inflammatory effects, the water-soluble fractions and molecular mechanisms have not been studied. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic effect of A. argyi water extract (AAWE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses and to identify the most effective water-soluble subfractions. Moreover, the relevant pharmacological and molecular mechanisms by which the active subfraction mitigates inflammation were further investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS were treated with AAWE (50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) or the water-soluble subfractions separated by D101 macroporous resin (AAWE1-AAWE4, 100 μg/mL), and NO production and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes were evaluated to determine the most effective water-soluble subfractions. Secondly, the chemical components of the active subfraction (AAWE4) were analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Thirdly, transcriptome and network pharmacology analysis, RT-qPCR and Western blotting assays were conducted to explore the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism and active compounds of AAWE4. Subsequently, the binding ability of the potential active components in AAWE4 to the core targets was further determined by molecular docking. Eventually, the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of AAWE4 (1.17, 2.34 and 4.68 g/kg, administered per day for 7 d) was evaluated in mice with LPS-induced systemic inflammation. RESULTS In this study, AAWE showed excellent anti-inflammatory effects, and its water-soluble subfraction AAWE4 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on NO concentration and inflammatory gene mRNA expression after LPS stimulation, indicating that it was the most effective subfraction. Thereafter, four main compounds in AAWE4 were confirmed or tentatively identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS, including three flavonoid glycosides and one phenolic acid. Furthermore, the transcriptome and network pharmacology analysis showed that AAWE4 inhibited inflammation via multiple pathways and multiple targets. Based on the RT-qPCR and Western blotting results, AAWE4 downregulated not only the p38, PI3K, CCL5, MMP9, AP-1, and BCL3 mRNA expression levels activated by LPS but also their upstream and downstream protein expression levels and protein phosphorylation (p-AKT/AKT, p-p38/p38, p-ERK/ERK, p-JNK/JNK). Moreover, four identified compounds (isochlorogenic acid A, vicenin-2, schaftoside and isoschaftoside) could significantly inhibit NO content and the overexpression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA induced by LPS, and the molecular docking confirmed the high binding activity of four active compounds with selected core targets (p38, AKT1, MMP9, and CCL5). In addition, the mRNA expression and immunohistochemical analysis showed that AAWE44 could inhibit lung inflammation via multiple pathways and multiple targets in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that the water-soluble subfraction AAWE4 from A. argyi ameliorated the inflammation caused by LPS through multiple pathways and multiple targets in vitro and in vivo, providing scientific support for the medicinal use of A. argyi. Importantly, it shows that the A. argyi subfraction AAWE4 can be developed as an anti-inflammatory drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yunyun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuqiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhouyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ziling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuhuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Dahui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hsi TC, Ong KL, Sepers JJ, Kim J, Bilder D. Systemic coagulopathy promotes host lethality in a new Drosophila tumor model. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3002-3010.e6. [PMID: 37354901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumors trigger a complex network of inflammatory and wound repair responses, prompting Dvorak's characterization of tumors as "wounds that never heal."1 Some of these responses lead to profound defects in blood clotting, such as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), which correlate with poor prognoses.2,3,4 Here, we demonstrate that a new tumor model in Drosophila provokes phenotypes that resemble coagulopathies observed in patients. Fly ovarian tumors overproduce multiple secreted components of the clotting cascade and trigger hypercoagulation of fly blood (hemolymph). Hypercoagulation occurs shortly after tumor induction and is transient; it is followed by a hypocoagulative state that is defective in wound healing. Cellular clotting regulators accumulate on the tumor over time and are depleted from the body, suggesting that hypocoagulation is caused by exhaustion of host clotting components. We show that rescuing coagulopathy by depleting a tumor-produced clotting factor improves survival of tumor-bearing flies, despite the fact that flies have an open (non-vascular) circulatory system. As clinical studies suggest that lethality in patients with high serum levels of clotting components can be independent of thrombotic events,5,6 our work establishes a platform for identifying alternative mechanisms by which tumor-driven coagulopathy triggers early mortality. Moreover, it opens up exploration of other conserved mechanisms of host responses to chronic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Ching Hsi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Katy L Ong
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jorian J Sepers
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David Bilder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sharpe JL, Morgan J, Nisbet N, Campbell K, Casali A. Modelling Cancer Metastasis in Drosophila melanogaster. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050677. [PMID: 36899813 PMCID: PMC10000390 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis, the process by which tumour cells spread throughout the body and form secondary tumours at distant sites, is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The metastatic cascade is a highly complex process encompassing initial dissemination from the primary tumour, travel through the blood stream or lymphatic system, and the colonisation of distant organs. However, the factors enabling cells to survive this stressful process and adapt to new microenvironments are not fully characterised. Drosophila have proven a powerful system in which to study this process, despite important caveats such as their open circulatory system and lack of adaptive immune system. Historically, larvae have been used to model cancer due to the presence of pools of proliferating cells in which tumours can be induced, and transplanting these larval tumours into adult hosts has enabled tumour growth to be monitored over longer periods. More recently, thanks largely to the discovery that there are stem cells in the adult midgut, adult models have been developed. We focus this review on the development of different Drosophila models of metastasis and how they have contributed to our understanding of important factors determining metastatic potential, including signalling pathways, the immune system and the microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L. Sharpe
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jason Morgan
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nicholas Nisbet
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Kyra Campbell
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Correspondence: (K.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Andreu Casali
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida and IRBLleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Correspondence: (K.C.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Q, Liang J, Liang L, Liao Z, Yang B, Qi J. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as an Indicator of Opioid-Induced Immunosuppression After Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pain Res 2022; 15:1855-1862. [PMID: 35795100 PMCID: PMC9252298 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s371022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful prognostic marker for various diseases and surgery-induced immunosuppression. While opioids are important in general anesthesia, the association between immediate perioperative immune monitoring and opioid consumption for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of analgesic techniques on opioid-induced immune perturbation, and the feasibility of NLR as an indicator of opioid-induced immune changes. Patients and Methods Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group P (n=40) or Group C (n=40). Patients in group P received ultrasound-guided paravertebral block (PVB) before surgery, and followed by sufentanil patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery, and group C received sufentanil PCIA only. The total and differential white blood cell counts, including CD4+ T lymphocyte counts, CD8+ T lymphocyte were recorded before surgery and at 24 and 72 hours after surgery. NLR was determined using the frequencies of lymphocyte subpopulations. The cumulative dose of sufentanil were recorded at 24 and 24h after surgery while the 40-item quality of recovery questionnaire (QoR-40) score were assessed at 48h after the surgery. Results At 24 and 48 hours after surgery, a lower sufentanil consumption, and higher QoR-40 recovery scores were found in group P than in group C (P<0.05). In biochemical analyses, the values of NLR were lower in group P compared to group C (p<0.0001) and ratio of CD4/CD8 were higher in group P compared to group C (p<0.05) on day three after surgery. NLR showed excellent predictive capability for immunosuppression, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86-0.98, P < 0.0001]. Conclusion Opioid-sparing pain management strategies may affect postoperative immunosuppression and NLR could be a reliable indicator of opioid-related immunosuppression. Moreover, opioid-sparing pain management strategies could improve patient's satisfaction in VATS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Liang
- Chongqing Cancer Multi-Omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liang
- Chongqing Cancer Multi-Omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongli Liao
- Chongqing Cancer Multi-Omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qi
- Chongqing Cancer Multi-Omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|