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Taliento C, Morciano G, Nero C, Froyman W, Vizzielli G, Pavone M, Salvioli S, Tormen M, Fiorica F, Scutiero G, Scambia G, Giorgi C, Greco P, Pinton P. Circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for predicting progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2024; 34:906-918. [PMID: 38658022 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2024-005313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a potential prognostic biomarker in multiple tumor types. However, despite the many studies available on small series of patients with ovarian cancer, a recent systematic review and meta-analysis is lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the association of ctDNA with progression-free-survival and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS An electronic search was conducted using PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane Library), and CINAHL-Complete from January 2000 to September 15, 2023. To be included in the analysis the studies had to meet the following pre-specified inclusion criteria: (1) evaluable ctDNA; (2) progression-free-survival and overall survival reported as hazard ratio (HR); and (3) the patient population had epithelial ovarian cancer at the time of ctDNA detection. We evaluated the association of ctDNA with progression-free survival and overall survival. Secondary outcomes focused on sub-group analysis of genomic alterations and international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. RESULTS A total of 26 studies reporting on 1696 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were included. The overall concordance rate between plasma-based and tissue-based analyses was approximately 62%. We found that a high level of ctDNA in epithelial ovarian cancer was associated with worse progression-free survival (HR 5.31, 95% CI 2.14 to 13.17, p<0.001) and overall survival (HR 2.98, 95% CI 1.86 to 4.76, p<0.0001). The sub-group analysis showed a greater than threefold increase in the risk of relapse in patients with positive HOXA9 meth-ctDNA (HR 3.84, 95% CI 1.57 to 9.41, p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS ctDNA was significantly associated with worse progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Further prospective studies are needed. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023469390.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Taliento
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, "S. Anna" University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giampaolo Morciano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Camilla Nero
- Department of Women and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Rome, Italy
| | - Wouter Froyman
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Udine Medical Area Department, Udine, Italy
| | - Matteo Pavone
- Department of Women and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- IHU Strasbourg, Institute of Image Guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mara Tormen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, "S. Anna" University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Gennaro Scutiero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, "S. Anna" University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Women and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pantaleo Greco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, "S. Anna" University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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2
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Li N, Jin S, Wu J, Ji H, Du C, Liu B. Effect of different treatment modalities on ovarian cancer patients with liver metastases: A retrospective cohort study based on SEER. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299504. [PMID: 38635517 PMCID: PMC11025763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the trends in morbidity and mortality among ovarian cancer patients with liver metastases, and investigate the impact of different treatments on both overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). METHODS 2,925 ovarian cancer patients with liver metastases from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 2010-2019 were included. The primary endpoint was considered as OS and CSS. We conducted trend analysis of the incidence, OS and CSS rates of liver metastases in ovarian cancer. Univariate and multivariate COX proportional risk models were used to investigate the association between different treatment methods and OS, and univariate and multivariate competing risk models were employed to evaluate the impact of treatment methods on CSS. RESULTS At the end of follow-up, 689 patients remained alive. The OS and CSS rates were 76.44% and 72.99% for all patients, respectively. There was a significant decreasing trend in the incidence [average annual percent change (AAPC) = -2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.9, -0.7], all-cause mortality (AAPC = -12.8, 95% CI: -15.6, -9.9) and specific mortality (AAPC = -13.0, 95% CI: -16.1, -9.8) rate of liver metastases in ovarian cancer. After adjusting all confounding factor, only receiving surgery was associated with OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.31-0.48]/CSS (HR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.30-0.47). Chemotherapy was found to be protective factor for OS (HR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.30-0.37)/CSS (HR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.39-0.50) of ovarian cancer patients, while not receiving surgery remained a risk factor. Additionally, the result of subgroup analyses also showed that only receiving surgery and chemotherapy still were significant protective factor of OS and CSS for patients without other distant metastases, with distant metastases to the bone, lung, brain or other organs, with bone metastasis, and with lung metastasis. CONCLUSION Our research has elucidated a downward trend in morbidity and mortality rates among patients with liver metastases originating from ovarian cancer. Only receiving surgery and chemotherapy as therapies methods confer survival benefits to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Shanxiu Jin
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Dalian Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jingran Wu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Dalian Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Ji
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Jinzhou Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Du
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Bona Liu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P. R. China
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3
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Islam T, Sheakh MA, Tahosin MS, Hena MH, Akash S, Bin Jardan YA, FentahunWondmie G, Nafidi HA, Bourhia M. Predictive modeling for breast cancer classification in the context of Bangladeshi patients by use of machine learning approach with explainable AI. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8487. [PMID: 38605059 PMCID: PMC11009331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57740-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has rapidly increased in prevalence in recent years, making it one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Among all cancers, it is by far the most common. Diagnosing this illness manually requires significant time and expertise. Since detecting breast cancer is a time-consuming process, preventing its further spread can be aided by creating machine-based forecasts. Machine learning and Explainable AI are crucial in classification as they not only provide accurate predictions but also offer insights into how the model arrives at its decisions, aiding in the understanding and trustworthiness of the classification results. In this study, we evaluate and compare the classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores of five different machine learning methods using a primary dataset (500 patients from Dhaka Medical College Hospital). Five different supervised machine learning techniques, including decision tree, random forest, logistic regression, naive bayes, and XGBoost, have been used to achieve optimal results on our dataset. Additionally, this study applied SHAP analysis to the XGBoost model to interpret the model's predictions and understand the impact of each feature on the model's output. We compared the accuracy with which several algorithms classified the data, as well as contrasted with other literature in this field. After final evaluation, this study found that XGBoost achieved the best model accuracy, which is 97%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taminul Islam
- School of Computing, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Md Alif Sheakh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Sazia Tahosin
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Most Hasna Hena
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2325, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
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Luo L, Xu N, Liu Y, Zhong S, Yang S, Chen X. Prognostic factors and novel nomograms for overall survival and cancer specific survival of malignant ovarian cancer patients with bone metastasis: A SEER-based study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 165:176-187. [PMID: 38013509 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer (OC) is a frequent and fatal disease in women, and bone metastasis of ovarian cancer (OCBM) leads to a poor survival trend. This study aimed to determine the factors which influence overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of OCBM patients and to develop prognostic predictive models. METHODS Data of OCBM patients were stratified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database from 2010 to 2017 and were randomly divided into training and testing datasets (7:3). Prognostic factors were identified by Cox regression analyses and nomograms were then developed. Nomogram models were examined on the discriminative ability and accuracy by calibration plots, Brier score (BS), and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Decision curve analyses (DCA) was used for estimation of the clinical benefit of nomogram models. RESULTS Grade, tumor size, tumor metastasis (liver, lung), primary site surgery, chemotherapy, and systemic therapy were realized as independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS, respectively. Agreement between the actual and predicted outcomes was proved by calibration plots. Nomograms performed well in OS and CSS predictions, as shown by area under the ROC curves (AUCs) and BSs for testing dataset as follows: for OS, 3-/6-/12-month AUCs and BSs were 0.778/0.788/0.822 and 19.0/18.5/15.4, respectively; for CSS, 3-/6-/12-month AUCs and BSs were 0.799/0.806/0.832 and 18.1/18.0/15.4, respectively. DCA suggested an agreeable clinical benefit of both nomograms. CONCLUSION The nomograms developed for OCBM patients' survival prediction were proved to be accurate, efficient, and clinically beneficial, which were further deployed as web-based calculators to help in clinical decision making and future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Luo
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Shaoyang First People's Hospital Graduate Joint Training Innovation Base, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ningze Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Department of School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Zhong
- Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Shaoyang First People's Hospital Graduate Joint Training Innovation Base, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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5
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Ulevicius J, Jasukaitiene A, Bartkeviciene A, Dambrauskas Z, Gulbinas A, Urboniene D, Paskauskas S. Dysregulation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Immune-Related Proteins during the Early Post-Operative Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:190. [PMID: 38201617 PMCID: PMC10778568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment is a cornerstone of ovarian cancer (OC) therapy and exerts a substantial influence on the immune system. Immune responses also play a pivotal and intricate role in OC progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of immune-related protein expression and the activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in OC patients, both before surgery and during the early postoperative phase. The study cohort comprised 23 OC patients and 20 non-cancer controls. A comprehensive analysis of PBMCs revealed significant pre-operative downregulation in the mRNA expression of multiple immune-related proteins, including interleukins, PD-1, PD-L1, and HO-1. This was followed by further dysregulation during the first 5 post-operative days. Although most serum interleukin concentrations showed only minor changes, a distinct increase in IL-6 and HO-1 levels was observed post-operatively. Reduced metabolic and phagocytic activity and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed on day 1 post-surgery. These findings suggest a shift towards immune tolerance during the early post-operative phase of OC, potentially creating a window for treatment. Further research into post-operative PBMC activity could lead to the development of new or improved treatment strategies for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Ulevicius
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Aldona Jasukaitiene
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Arenida Bartkeviciene
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Zilvinas Dambrauskas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Antanas Gulbinas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Daiva Urboniene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Saulius Paskauskas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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6
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Yang Z, Zhou D, Huang J. Identifying Explainable Machine Learning Models and a Novel SFRP2 + Fibroblast Signature as Predictors for Precision Medicine in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16942. [PMID: 38069266 PMCID: PMC10706905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a type of malignant tumor with a consistently high mortality rate. The diagnosis of early-stage OC and identification of functional subsets in the tumor microenvironment are essential to the development of patient management strategies. However, the development of robust models remains unsatisfactory. We aimed to utilize artificial intelligence and single-cell analysis to address this issue. Two independent datasets were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and processed to obtain overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stage II-IV vs. stage I diseases. Three explainable machine learning algorithms were integrated to construct models that could determine the tumor stage and extract important characteristic genes as diagnostic biomarkers. Correlations between cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration and characteristic gene expression were analyzed using TIMER2.0 and their relationship with survival rates was comprehensively explored via the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM-plotter) online database. The specific expression of characteristic genes in fibroblast subsets was investigated through single-cell analysis. A novel fibroblast subset signature was explored to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response and oncogene mutation through Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) and artificial neural network algorithms, respectively. We found that Support Vector Machine-Shapley Additive Explanations (SVM-SHAP), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF) successfully diagnosed early-stage OC (stage I). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of these models exceeded 0.990. Their overlapping characteristic gene, secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2), was a risk factor that affected the overall survival of OC patients with stage II-IV disease (log-rank test: p < 0.01) and was specifically expressed in a fibroblast subset. Finally, the SFRP2+ fibroblast signature served as a novel predictor in evaluating ICI response and exploring pan-cancer tumor protein P53 (TP53) mutation (AUC = 0.853, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.829-0.877). In conclusion, the models based on SVM-SHAP, XGBoost, and RF enabled the early detection of OC for clinical decision making, and SFRP2+ fibroblast signature used in diagnostic models can inform OC treatment selection and offer pan-cancer TP53 mutation detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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7
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Li Z, Gu H, Xu X, Tian Y, Huang X, Du Y. Unveiling the novel immune and molecular signatures of ovarian cancer: insights and innovations from single-cell sequencing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1288027. [PMID: 38022625 PMCID: PMC10654630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1288027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a highly heterogeneous and lethal malignancy with limited treatment options. Over the past decade, single-cell sequencing has emerged as an advanced biological technology capable of decoding the landscape of ovarian cancer at the single-cell resolution. It operates at the level of genes, transcriptomes, proteins, epigenomes, and metabolisms, providing detailed information that is distinct from bulk sequencing methods, which only offer average data for specific lesions. Single-cell sequencing technology provides detailed insights into the immune and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor occurrence, development, drug resistance, and immune escape. These insights can guide the development of innovative diagnostic markers, therapeutic strategies, and prognostic indicators. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the diverse applications of single-cell sequencing in ovarian cancer. It encompasses the identification and characterization of novel cell subpopulations, the elucidation of tumor heterogeneity, the investigation of the tumor microenvironment, the analysis of mechanisms underlying metastasis, and the integration of innovative approaches such as organoid models and multi-omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haihan Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanpeng Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianghua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanfang Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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8
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Honar YS, Javaher S, Soleimani M, Zarebkohan A, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Tohidfar M, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M. Advanced stage, high-grade primary tumor ovarian cancer: a multi-omics dissection and biomarker prediction process. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17265. [PMID: 37828118 PMCID: PMC10570268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) incidence and mortality rates continue to escalate globally. Early detection of OC is challenging due to extensive metastases and the ambiguity of biomarkers in advanced High-Grade Primary Tumors (HGPTs). In the present study, we conducted an in-depth in silico analysis in OC cell lines using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray dataset with 53 HGPT and 10 normal samples. Differentially-Expressed Genes (DEGs) were also identified by GEO2r. A variety of analyses, including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), ChIP enrichment analysis (ChEA), eXpression2Kinases (X2K) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA), elucidated signaling pathways, transcription factors (TFs), kinases, and proteome, respectively. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks were generated using STRING and Cytoscape, in which co-expression and hub genes were pinpointed by the cytoHubba plug-in. Validity of DEG analysis was achieved via Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Of note, KIAA0101, RAD51AP1, FAM83D, CEP55, PRC1, CKS2, CDCA5, NUSAP1, ECT2, and TRIP13 were found as top 10 hub genes; SIN3A, VDR, TCF7L2, NFYA, and FOXM1 were detected as predominant TFs in HGPTs; CEP55, PRC1, CKS2, CDCA5, and NUSAP1 were identified as potential biomarkers from hub gene clustering. Further analysis indicated hsa-miR-215-5p, hsa-miR-193b-3p, and hsa-miR-192-5p as key miRNAs targeting HGPT genes. Collectively, our findings spotlighted HGPT-associated genes, TFs, miRNAs, and pathways as prospective biomarkers, offering new avenues for OC diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousof Saeedi Honar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Saleh Javaher
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Marziye Soleimani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516661-4733, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Tohidfar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran.
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9
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Tunc C, Kursunluoglu G, Akdeniz M, Kutlu AU, Han MI, Yerer MB, Aydin O. Investigation of Gold Nanoparticle Naproxen-Derived Conjugations in Ovarian Cancer. ACS MATERIALS AU 2023; 3:483-491. [PMID: 38089100 PMCID: PMC10510500 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, which is one of the most diagnosed cancer types among women, maintains its significance as a global health problem. Several drug candidates have been investigated for the potential treatment of ovarian cancer. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) demonstrated anti-cancer activity through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and by inhibiting COX-2-dependent prostaglandin (PG) production. Naproxen is one of the most used NSAIDs and Naproxen-derived compounds (NDCs) may show potential treatment effects on cancer as chemotherapeutic drugs. Although there are successful drug development studies, the lack of solubility of these drug candidates in aqueous media results in limited bioavailability and high variability of patient responses during treatment. Low aqueous solubility is one of the main problems in the pharmaceutical industry in terms of drug development. Nanotechnology-based strategies provide solutions to hydrophobic drug limitations by increasing dispersion and improving internalization. In this study, two different NDCs (NDC-1 and NDC-2) bearing a thiosemicarbazide/1,2,4-triazole moiety were synthesized and tested for chemotherapeutic effects on ovarian cancer cells, which have a high COX-2 expression. To overcome the limited dispersion of these hydrophobic drugs, the drug molecules were conjugated to the surface of 13 nm AuNPs. Conjugation of drugs to AuNPs increased the distribution of drugs in aqueous media, and NDC@AuNP conjugates exhibited excellent colloidal stability for up to 8 weeks. The proposed system demonstrated an increased chemotherapeutic effect than the free drug counterparts with at least 5 times lower IC50 values. NDC@AuNP nanosystems induced higher apoptosis rates, which established a simple and novel way to investigate activity of prospective drugs in drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu
Umran Tunc
- Nanothera
Lab, Drug Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Utah
Center for Nanomedicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Gizem Kursunluoglu
- Nanothera
Lab, Drug Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Munevver Akdeniz
- Nanothera
Lab, Drug Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Aybuke Ulku Kutlu
- Nanothera
Lab, Drug Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Ihsan Han
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Drug
Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Auckland
Cancer Society Research Centre, University
of Auckland, 92019 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mukerrem Betul Yerer
- Drug
Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Pharmacology, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Omer Aydin
- Nanothera
Lab, Drug Application and Research Center (ERFARMA), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Clinical
Engineering Research and Implementation Center (ERKAM), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38040, Turkey
- Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center (ERNAM), Erciyes University, Kayseri 38040, Turkey
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10
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Karimi F, Azadbakht O, Veisi A, Sabaghan M, Owjfard M, Kharazinejad E, Dinarvand N. Liquid biopsy in ovarian cancer: advantages and limitations for prognosis and diagnosis. Med Oncol 2023; 40:265. [PMID: 37561363 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly fatal gynecologic malignancy, often diagnosed at an advanced stage which presents significant challenges for disease management. The clinical application of conventional tissue biopsy methods and serological biomarkers has limitations for the diagnosis and prognosis of OC patients. Liquid biopsy is a novel sampling method that involves analyzing distinctive tumor elements secreted into the peripheral blood. Growing evidence suggests that liquid biopsy methods such as circulating tumor cells, cell-free RNA, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, and tumor-educated platelets may improve early prognosis and diagnosis of OC, leading to enhanced therapeutic management of the disease. This study reviewed the evidence demonstrating the utility of liquid biopsy components in OC prognosis and diagnosis, and evaluated the current advantages and limitations of these methods. Additionally, the existing obstacles and crucial topics for future studies utilizing liquid biopsy in OC patients were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Karimi
- Department of Physiology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Omid Azadbakht
- Department of Radiology Technology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Ali Veisi
- Department of Physiology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sabaghan
- Department of Parasitology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Owjfard
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST), Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Negar Dinarvand
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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11
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Yin Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhang C, He A. Gab2 plays a carcinogenic role in ovarian cancer by regulating CrkII. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:79. [PMID: 37085900 PMCID: PMC10120224 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the expression of Growth factor binding protein 2 associated binding protein 2 (Gab2) and CT10 regulator of kinase II (CrkII) in ovarian cancer and analyze their clinical significance. To explore the effects of Gab2 and CrkII on the biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells. To analyze the possible molecular mechanism of Gab2 in the development of ovarian cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Gab2 and CrkII in ovarian cancer. Chi square test was used to analyze the correlation between Gab2, CrkII and clinical parameters. Using Cox regression model to evaluate the risk factors affecting the prognosis. To analyze the correlation between Gab2, CrkII and survival rate by Kaplan-Meier. Cell experiments were preformed to explore the effects of Gab2 and CrkII on the biological behavior of cells. The interaction between Gab2 and CrkII was explored by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed that high expression of Gab2 and CrkII in ovarian cancer. Patients with high expression of Gab2 or CrkII had higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, grade and platinum-resistance recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that Gab2 and CrkII were independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the higher Gab2 and CrkII were, the poor prognosis the patients had. We observed that the overexpression of Gab2 and CrkII promoted the proliferation, metastasis and reduced chemosensitivity of cells. Conversely, the knockdown of Gab2 and CrkII resulted in the opposite results. In CrkII-knockdown cells, we found that Gab2 mediates biological behavior through CrkII. CONCLUSIONS The expression of Gab2 and CrkII increase in ovarian cancer. The higher expression of Gab2 and CrkII predict the poor prognosis of patients. Gab2 and CrkII promote the proliferation and migration and reduce the chemosensitivity of cells. Gab2 regulates the biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells through CrkII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research Center, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiqin He
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Baghban N, Ullah M, Nabipour I. The current trend of exosome in epithelial ovarian cancer studies: A bibliometric review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1082066. [PMID: 36969852 PMCID: PMC10034012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1082066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common type of ovarian cancer. About 90% of ovary tumors are epithelial. The current treatment for EOC involves surgical debulking of the tumors followed by a combination of chemotherapy. While most patients achieve complete remission, many EOCs will recur and develop chemoresistance. The cancer cells can adapt to several stress stimuli, becoming resistant. Therefore, new ways to fight resistant cells during the disease are being studied. Recently, exosomes, which reflect cell behavior in normal and pathological conditions such as epithelial ovarian cancer, are of academic interest as new biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. Consequently, the current study aimed to investigate the research output of exosomes in EOC.Method: A bibliometric method was used for analyzing publications on exosome and epithelial ovarian cancer from the beginning to 15 October 2022 by searching keywords in Scopus, PubMed and Google scholar. Annual scientific publications, authors, citations, journals, co-authorships, and keywords co-occurrence were analyzed and plotted using Microsoft Office Excel and VOS viewer. 39 original journal articles and 3 reviews have been published since 2015 up to 15 October 2022.Results: The findings showed that China is the top country in research output, international collaborations, organization, author, and sponsorship. The top journals were the Journal of Ovarian Research, Oncotarget, and Tumor Biology, all in the United States. The top institution was Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. The top author was Xipeng Wang. Co-occurrence analysis showed that academics’ interest is toward:1) 1) Exosomes as prognostic biomarkers of EOC as well as their role in the proliferation and migration of cells. 2) The role of exosomes in metastasis through different mechanisms; 3) The role of exosomes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells; 4) The diagnostic role of EVs in EOC; and 5) Conferring chemoresistance in EOC through the exosomal transfer of miRNAs.Conclusion: Research on the exosome and EOC has an increasing trend, and China is much more involved than other countries in research, financial support, and international cooperation. These findings could aid researcher in understanding novel ideas and subjects interested by sponsors in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Neda Baghban,
| | - Mujib Ullah
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., South SanFrancisco, CA, United States
- Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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13
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Al-Shamma SA, Zaher DM, Hersi F, Abu Jayab NN, Omar HA. Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy: An approach to tackle resistance in cancer cells. Life Sci 2023; 320:121541. [PMID: 36870386 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Modern cancer chemotherapy originated in the 1940s, and since then, many chemotherapeutic agents have been developed. However, most of these agents show limited response in patients due to innate and acquired resistance to therapy, which leads to the development of multi-drug resistance to different treatment modalities, leading to cancer recurrence and, eventually, patient death. One of the crucial players in inducing chemotherapy resistance is the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme. ALDH is overexpressed in chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells, which detoxifies the generated toxic aldehydes from chemotherapy, preventing the formation of reactive oxygen species and, thus, inhibiting the induction of oxidative stress and the stimulation of DNA damage and cell death. This review discusses the mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells promoted by ALDH. In addition, we provide detailed insight into the role of ALDH in cancer stemness, metastasis, metabolism, and cell death. Several studies investigated targeting ALDH in combination with other treatments as a potential therapeutic regimen to overcome resistance. We also highlight novel approaches in ALDH inhibition, including the potential synergistic employment of ALDH inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy against different cancers, including head and neck, colorectal, breast, lung, and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A Al-Shamma
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana M Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour N Abu Jayab
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
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14
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Bhardwaj V, Zhang X, Pandey V, Garg M. Neo-vascularization-based therapeutic perspectives in advanced ovarian cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188888. [PMID: 37001618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The process of angiogenesis is well described for its potential role in the development of normal ovaries, and physiological functions as well as in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of ovarian cancer (OC). In advanced stages of OC, cancer cells spread outside the ovary to the pelvic, abdomen, lung, or multiple secondary sites. This seriously limits the efficacy of therapeutic options contributing to fatal clinical outcomes. Notably, a variety of angiogenic effectors are produced by the tumor cells to initiate angiogenic processes leading to the development of new blood vessels, which provide essential resources for tumor survival, dissemination, and dormant micro-metastasis of tumor cells. Multiple proangiogenic effectors and their signaling axis have been discovered and functionally characterized for potential clinical utility in OC. In this review, we have provided the current updates on classical and emerging proangiogenic effectors, their signaling axis, and the immune microenvironment contributing to the pathogenesis of OC. Moreover, we have comprehensively reviewed and discussed the significance of the preclinical strategies, drug repurposing, and clinical trials targeting the angiogenic processes that hold promising perspectives for the better management of patients with OC.
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15
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Nazam N, Jabir NR, Ahmad I, Alharthy SA, Khan MS, Ayub R, Tabrez S. Phenolic Acids-Mediated Regulation of Molecular Targets in Ovarian Cancer: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:274. [PMID: 37259418 PMCID: PMC9962268 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health concern with a dynamic rise in occurrence and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Among different types of cancer, ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most diagnosed malignant tumor, while among the gynecological malignancies, it ranks third after cervical and uterine cancer and sadly bears the highest mortality and worst prognosis. First-line treatments have included a variety of cytotoxic and synthetic chemotherapeutic medicines, but they have not been particularly effective in extending OC patients' lives and are associated with side effects, recurrence risk, and drug resistance. Hence, a shift from synthetic to phytochemical-based agents is gaining popularity, and researchers are looking into alternative, cost-effective, and safer chemotherapeutic strategies. Lately, studies on the effectiveness of phenolic acids in ovarian cancer have sparked the scientific community's interest because of their high bioavailability, safety profile, lesser side effects, and cost-effectiveness. Yet this is a road less explored and critically analyzed and lacks the credibility of the novel findings. Phenolic acids are a significant class of phytochemicals usually considered in the nonflavonoid category. The current review focused on the anticancer potential of phenolic acids with a special emphasis on chemoprevention and treatment of OC. We tried to summarize results from experimental, epidemiological, and clinical studies unraveling the benefits of various phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic acid and hydroxycinnamic acid) in chemoprevention and as anticancer agents of clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Nazam
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nasimudeen R. Jabir
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur 613403, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif A. Alharthy
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Ayub
- Technology and Innovation Unit, Department of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Li S, Shen S, Ge W, Cen Y, Zhang S, Cheng X, Wang X, Xie X, Lu W. Long non-coding RNA SLC25A21-AS1 inhibits the development of epithelial ovarian cancer by specifically inducing PTBP3 degradation. Biomark Res 2023; 11:12. [PMID: 36717926 PMCID: PMC9885650 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a highly prevalent disease that rapidly metastasizes and has poor prognosis. Most women are in the middle or late stages when diagnosed and have low survival rates. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were recognized to play pivotal roles in the development of EOC. METHODS The expression of SLC25A21 antisense RNA 1 (SLC25A21-AS1) and Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein 3 (PTBP3) in EOC cells was assessed via qPCR. The proliferation activity of these cells was detected by EdU and Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assays, while the death rate of apoptotic cells and the cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Detection of cell transfer rate by transwell assay. Protein expression was measured through western blotting. Interactions between SLC25A21-AS1 and PTBP3 were detected through RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), IF-FISH co-localization experiments and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The in vivo importance of SLC25A21-AS1 as a tumor suppressor modulator was assessed using murine xenograft models. RESULTS The lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 has negligible expression in ovarian cancer tissues compared with that in normal ovarian tissues. A series of functional experiments revealed that the upregulation of SLC25A21-AS1 markedly blocked the proliferation and metastasis of EOC cells in vitro, while its downregulation had the opposite effect. Overexpression of SLC25A21-AS1 in a nude mouse model of EOC in vivo resulted in slower tumor growth and weakened metastatic potential. Moreover, SLC25A21-AS1 reduced the protein stability of PTBP3 and promoted its degradation. A series of subsequent experiments found that SLC25A21-AS1 inhibits EOC cell proliferation and metastasis by modulating PTBP3 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and that the combination of SLC25A21-AS1 and PTBP3 provides the necessary conditions for the for the function to be realized. CONCLUSIONS Our research reveals the effect of SLC25A21-AS1 in EOC development and suggests SLC25A21-AS1 can serve as a prognostic target by promoting the degradation of PTBP3 to improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Shizhen Shen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Wanzhong Ge
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDivision of Human Reproduction and Developmental Genetics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Yixuan Cen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Songfa Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology; Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology; Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology; Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xing Xie
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology; Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women’s Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology; Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
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17
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Salari Z, Khosravi A, Pourkhandani E, Molaakbari E, Salarkia E, Keyhani A, Sharifi I, Tavakkoli H, Sohbati S, Dabiri S, Ren G, Shafie’ei M. The inhibitory effect of 6-gingerol and cisplatin on ovarian cancer and antitumor activity: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1098429. [PMID: 36937441 PMCID: PMC10020515 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1098429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer is very common in women and causes hundreds of deaths per year worldwide. Chemotherapy drugs including cisplatin have adverse effects on patients' health. Complementary treatments and the use of herbal medicines can help improve the performance of medicine. 6-Gingerol is the major pharmacologically active component of ginger. In this study, we compared the effects of 6-gingerol, cisplatin, and their combination in apoptotic and angiogenetic activities in silico, in test tubes, and in in vivo assays against two ovarian cancer cell lines: OVCAR-3 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods The drug-treated cell lines were evaluated for their cytotoxicity, cell cycle, and apoptotic and angiogenetic gene expression changes. Results The proportion of apoptosis treated by 6-gingerol coupled with cisplatin was significantly high. In the evaluation of the cell cycle, the combination therapy also showed a significant promotion of a higher extent of the S sequence. The expression of p53 level, Caspase-8, Bax, and Apaf1 genes was amplified again with combination therapy. Conversely, in both cell lines, the cumulative drug concentrations reduced the expression of VEGF, FLT1, KDR, and Bcl-2 genes. Similarly, in the control group, combination treatment significantly decreased the expression of VEGF, FLT1, KDR, and Bcl-2 genes in comparison to cisplatin alone. Conclusions The findings of the present study demonstrated that the cisplatin and 6-gingerol combination is more effective in inducing apoptosis and suppressing the angiogenesis of ovarian cancer cells than using each drug alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Salari
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Khosravi, ; Elham Pourkhandani,
| | - Elham Pourkhandani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Khosravi, ; Elham Pourkhandani,
| | - Elaheh Molaakbari
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Keyhani
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hadi Tavakkoli
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samira Sohbati
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Afzalipour School of Medicine and Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Guogang Ren
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Shafie’ei
- Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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18
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Kujala A, Valkonen E, Sallinen H, Tuppurainen L, Laakso H, Ylä-Herttuala E, Liimatainen T, Kujala J, Jokelainen O, Sironen R, Anttila M, Ylä-Herttuala S. AAV8-mediated sVEGFR2 and sVEGFR3 gene therapy combined with chemotherapy reduces the growth and microvasculature of human ovarian cancer and prolongs the survival in mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1018208. [PMID: 36569136 PMCID: PMC9773272 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1018208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are major regulators of intratumoral angiogenesis in ovarian cancer (OVCA). Overexpression of VEGFs is associated with increased tumor growth and metastatic tendency and VEGF-targeting therapies are thus considered as potential treatments for OVCA. Here, we examined the antiangiogenic and antitumoral effects on OVCA of adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8)-mediated expression of soluble VEGF receptors (sVEGFRs) sVEGFR2 and sVEGFR3 together with paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy. Materials and methods Immunodeficient mice were inoculated with human OVCA cell line SKOV-3m. Development of tumors was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mice were treated with gene therapy and paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy. The study groups included (I) non-treated control group, (II) blank control vector AAV8-CMV, (III) AAV8-CMV with chemotherapy, (IV) AAV8-sVEGFR2, (V) AAV8-sVEGFR3, (VI) AAV8-sVEGFR2 and AAV8-sVEGFR3, and (VII) AAV8-sVEGFR2 and AAV8-sVEGFR3 with chemotherapy. Antiangiogenic and antitumoral effects were evaluated with immunohistochemical stainings and serial MRI. Results Reduced intratumoral angiogenesis was observed in all antiangiogenic gene therapy groups. The combined use of AAV8-sVEGFR2 and AAV8-sVEGFR3 with chemotherapy suppressed ascites fluid formation and tumor growth, thus improving the overall survival of mice. Antitumoral effect was mainly caused by AAV8-sVEGFR2 while the benefits of AAV8-sVEGFR3 and chemotherapy were less prominent. Conclusion Combined use of the AAV8-sVEGFR2 and AAV8-sVEGFR3 with chemotherapy reduces intratumoral angiogenesis and tumor growth in OVCA mouse model. Results provide preclinical proof-of-concept for the use of soluble decoy VEGFRs and especially the AAV8-sVEGFR2 in the treatment of OVCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Kujala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elina Valkonen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna Sallinen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Department of Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland,School of Medicine, Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Tuppurainen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanne Laakso
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elias Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Clinical Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Liimatainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni Kujala
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Otto Jokelainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Reijo Sironen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maarit Anttila
- Department of Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland,School of Medicine, Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Heart Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland,*Correspondence: Seppo Ylä-Herttuala,
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19
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Kozłowski M, Borzyszkowska D, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. The Role of TIM-3 and LAG-3 in the Microenvironment and Immunotherapy of Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2826. [PMID: 36359346 PMCID: PMC9687228 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecologic malignancies. The main treatment options are surgical removal of the tumor and chemotherapy. Cancer treatment has been revolutionized by immunotherapy, which has developed explosively over the past two decades. Clinical anticancer strategies used in immunotherapy include therapies based on the inhibition of PD-1, PD-L1 or CTLA-4. Despite encouraging results, a large proportion of cancer patients are resistant to these therapies or eventually develop resistance. It is important to perform research that will focus on immunotherapy based on other immune checkpoint inhibitors. The aim of the review was to analyze studies considering the expression of TIM-3 and LAG-3 in the ovarian cancer microenvironment and considering immunotherapy for ovarian cancer that includes antibodies directed against TIM-3 and LAG-3. As the data showed, the expression of the described immune checkpoints was shown in different ways. Higher TIM-3 expression was associated with a more advanced tumor stage. Both TIM-3 and LAG-3 were co-expressed with PD-1 in a large proportion of studies. The effect of LAG-3 expression on progression-free survival and/or overall survival is inconclusive and certainly requires further study. Co-expression of immune checkpoints prompts combination therapies using anti-LAG-3 or anti-TIM-3. Research on immune checkpoints, especially TIM-3 and LAG-3, should be further developed.
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20
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Rucaparib as a Salvage Treatment in Platinum-Sensitive Relapsed Ovarian Carcinoma: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e30405. [PMID: 36276592 PMCID: PMC9580602 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the leading causes of female mortality worldwide is ovarian carcinoma. It can be divided into five main types: high-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell, mucinous and low-grade serous carcinomas. These tumors represent distinct diseases and prognoses. Though the conventional treatment using platinum-based chemotherapy typically results in an adequate initial response, recurrence is not uncommon. The present case report deals with treating one such platinum-sensitive first relapse of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma with a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. Here, rucaparib, one of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved PARP inhibitors, was used to treat platinum-sensitive relapse in a patient with germline breast cancer (BRCA) negative ovarian cancer. The patient showed a complete response to the treatment and was in remission for around 11 months with only one dose reduction and no blood transfusion. The patient also remained progression-free on regular follow-ups. Since the outcome for this individual case was good, a more extensive study with rucaparib as a second-line treatment option in gene 1 BRCA wild-type homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-positive ovarian carcinoma patients can be explored.
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21
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Deshet-Unger N, Horn G, Rawet-Slobodkin M, Waks T, Laskov I, Michaan N, Raz Y, Bar V, Zundelevich A, Aharon S, Turovsky L, Mallel G, Salpeter S, Neev G, Hollander KS, Katz BZ, Grisaru D, Globerson Levin A. Comparing Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Personalized ErbB2CAR-T for the Treatment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092216. [PMID: 36140319 PMCID: PMC9496506 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common type of epithelial ovarian cancer. The majority of cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, when intraperitoneal (IP) spread has already occurred. Despite significant surgical and chemotherapeutic advances in HGSOC treatment over the past decades, survival rates with HGSOC have only modestly improved. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells enable T cells to directly bind to tumor-associated antigens in a major histocompatibility complex-independent manner, thereby inducing tumor rejection. While CAR-T cell therapy shows great promise in hematological malignancies, its use in solid tumors is limited. Therefore, innovative approaches are needed to increase the specificity of CAR-modified T cells against solid tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal (IP) versus intravenous (IV) CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of HGSOC. We constructed a CAR that targets the ErbB2/HER2 protein (ErbB2CAR), which is overexpressed in HGSOC, and evaluated the functionality of ErbB2CAR on ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR8, SKOV3, and NAR). Our findings show that an IP injection of ErbB2CAR-T cells to tumor-bearing mice led to disease remission and increased survival compared to the IV route. Moreover, we found that IP-injected ErbB2CART cells circulate to a lesser extent, making them safer for non-tumor tissues than IV-injected cells. Further supporting our findings, we show that the effect of ErbB2CAR-T cells on primary HGSOC tumors is correlated with ErbB2 expression. Together, these data demonstrate the advantages of an IP administration of CAR-T cells over IV administration, offering not only a safer strategy but also the potential for counteracting the effect of ErbB2CAR in HGSOC. Significance: IP-injected ErbB2CAR-T cells led to disease remission and increased survival compared to the IV route. These findings demonstrate the advantages of IP administration, offering a safe treatment strategy with the potential for counteracting the effect of ErbB2CAR in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naamit Deshet-Unger
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Galit Horn
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Moran Rawet-Slobodkin
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Tova Waks
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ido Laskov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Nadav Michaan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yael Raz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Vered Bar
- cResponce Company, Rehovot 7670102, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guy Neev
- cResponce Company, Rehovot 7670102, Israel
| | - Kenneth Samuel Hollander
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Ben-Zion Katz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Hematology Laboratory, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dan Grisaru
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Anat Globerson Levin
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Dotan Center for Advanced Therapies, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-3-6972503
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22
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Xi X, Cao T, Qian Y, Wang H, Ju S, Chen Y, Chen T, Yang J, Liang B, Hou S. CDC20 is a novel biomarker for improved clinical predictions in epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:3303-3317. [PMID: 35968331 PMCID: PMC9360218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), a common tumor of the female reproductive system, ranks first in fatalities among gynecological malignancies. Most patients find tumors at late stage and have extremely poor prognoses, which necessitates improvements in early detection. This study applied bioinformatic methods to identify potential biomarkers of EOC. First, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The network of hub genes was analyzed using GeneMANIA, and an analysis of biological processes was constructed with BINGO. Lastly, hub genes were analyzed for EOC-related oncology using the Oncomine and TCGA databases, and the cBioPortal online platform. Overall, cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) was identified as a key gene in EOC. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to silence CDC20 to explore its effects on EOC cell proliferation, apoptosis and SRY-related HMG-box 2 (SOX2) expression. DEGs were enriched in pathways related to cell cycle signaling, cancer, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, Wnt signaling and P53 signaling. Analysis revealed high expression of CDC20 in EOC tissues and a correlation with histology and tumor grade. CDC20 levels are highest in serous adenocarcinoma, when compared to ovarian clear cell carcinoma, ovarian endometrioid carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma. High CDC20 expression within the tumor is associated with poor EOC prognosis. After silencing CDC20, EOC cell proliferation and migration decreased, apoptosis increased, and SOX2 expression decreased. In conclusion, CDC20 is likely a key biomarker of EOC and may act as an upstream regulator of SOX2 to mediate the SOX2 signaling in the progression of EOC. Future application of CDC20 analysis to early detection may improve prognosis, and it has the potential to be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyue Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yonghong Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Songwen Ju
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Medica University Affiliated Suzhou HospitalSuzhou 215128, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biaoquan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shunyu Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Benzamide Derivatives as Potential Anti-Ovarian Cancer Agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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24
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Rahman MA, Ahmed KR, Rahman MDH, Parvez MAK, Lee IS, Kim B. Therapeutic Aspects and Molecular Targets of Autophagy to Control Pancreatic Cancer Management. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061459. [PMID: 35740481 PMCID: PMC9220066 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) begins within the organ of the pancreas, which produces digestive enzymes, and is one of the formidable cancers for which appropriate treatment strategies are urgently needed. Autophagy occurs in the many chambers of PC tissue, including cancer cells, cancer-related fibroblasts, and immune cells, and can be fine-tuned by various promotive and suppressive signals. Consequently, the impacts of autophagy on pancreatic carcinogenesis and progression depend greatly on its stage and conditions. Autophagy inhibits the progress of preneoplastic damage during the initial phase. However, autophagy encourages tumor formation during the development phase. Several studies have reported that both a tumor-promoting and a tumor-suppressing function of autophagy in cancer that is likely cell-type dependent. However, autophagy is dispensable for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) growth, and clinical trials with autophagy inhibitors, either alone or in combination with other therapies, have had limited success. Autophagy’s dual mode of action makes it therapeutically challenging despite autophagy inhibitors providing increased longevity in medical studies, highlighting the need for a more rigorous review of current findings and more precise targeting strategies. Indeed, the role of autophagy in PC is complicated, and numerous factors must be considered when transitioning from bench to bedside. In this review, we summarize the evidence for the tumorigenic and protective role of autophagy in PC tumorigenesis and describe recent advances in the understanding of how autophagy may be regulated and controlled in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.R.A.); (M.H.R.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.A.R.); (B.K.)
| | - Kazi Rejvee Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.R.A.); (M.H.R.)
| | - MD. Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.R.A.); (M.H.R.)
| | | | - In-Seon Lee
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (K.R.A.); (M.H.R.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.A.R.); (B.K.)
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25
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Yuan H, Yu Q, Pang J, Chen Y, Sheng M, Tang W. The Value of the Stemness Index in Ovarian Cancer Prognosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060993. [PMID: 35741755 PMCID: PMC9222264 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. It is associated with a difficult diagnosis and poor prognosis. Our study aimed to analyze tumor stemness to determine the prognosis feature of patients with OC. At this job, we selected the gene expression and the clinical profiles of patients with OC in the TCGA database. We calculated the stemness index of each patient using the one-class logistic regression (OCLR) algorithm and performed correlation analysis with immune infiltration. We used consensus clustering methods to classify OC patients into different stemness subtypes and compared the differences in immune infiltration between them. Finally, we established a prognostic signature by Cox and LASSO regression analysis. We found a significant negative correlation between a high stemness index and immune score. Pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the low- and high-mRNAsi groups were enriched in multiple functions and pathways, such as protein digestion and absorption, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the TGF-β signaling pathway. By consensus cluster analysis, patients with OC were split into two stemness subtypes, with subtype II having a better prognosis and higher immune infiltration. Furthermore, we identified 11 key genes to construct the prognostic signature for patients with OC. Among these genes, the expression levels of nine, including SFRP2, MFAP4, CCDC80, COL16A1, DUSP1, VSTM2L, TGFBI, PXDN, and GAS1, were increased in the high-risk group. The analysis of the KM and ROC curves indicated that this prognostic signature had a great survival prediction ability and could independently predict the prognosis for patients with OC. We established a stemness index-related risk prognostic module for OC, which has prognostic-independent capabilities and is expected to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with OC.
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26
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Estrogens, Cancer and Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092265. [PMID: 35565393 PMCID: PMC9101338 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones are included in many physiological and pathological pathways. Estrogens belong to steroid hormones active in female sex. Estradiol (E2) is the strongest female sex hormone and, with its receptors, contributes to oncogenesis, cancer progression and response to treatment. In recent years, a role of immunosurveillance and suppression of immune response in malignancy has been well defined, forming the basis for cancer immunotherapy. The interplay of sex hormones with cancer immunity, as well as the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, is of interest. In this review, we investigate the impact of sex hormones on natural immune response with respect to main active elements in anticancer immune surveillance: dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and checkpoint molecules. We describe the main sex-dependent tumors and the contribution of estrogen in their progression, response to treatment and especially modulation of anticancer immune response.
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27
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Rahman MA, Rahman MDH, Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM, Hwang H, Chung S, Kim B, Rhim H. Autophagy Modulation in Aggresome Formation: Emerging Implications and Treatments of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1027. [PMID: 35625764 PMCID: PMC9138936 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevailing neurodegenerative diseases in the world, which is characterized by memory dysfunction and the formation of tau and amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates in multiple brain regions, including the hippocampus and cortex. The formation of senile plaques involving tau hyperphosphorylation, fibrillar Aβ, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is used as a pathological marker of AD and eventually produces aggregation or misfolded protein. Importantly, it has been found that the failure to degrade these aggregate-prone proteins leads to pathological consequences, such as synaptic impairment, cytotoxicity, neuronal atrophy, and memory deficits associated with AD. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that the autophagy pathway plays a role as a central cellular protection system to prevent the toxicity induced by aggregation or misfolded proteins. Moreover, it has also been revealed that AD-related protein aggresomes could be selectively degraded by autophagosome and lysosomal fusion through the autophagy pathway, which is known as aggrephagy. Therefore, the regulation of autophagy serve as a useful approach to modulate the formation of aggresomes associated with AD. This review focuses on the recent improvements in the application of natural compounds and small molecules as a potential therapeutic approach for AD prevention and treatment via aggrephagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5, Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - M D Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - A N M Mamun-Or-Rashid
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center and Glycation Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hongik Hwang
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5, Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
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