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Flores-Sierra JDJ, Muciño-Arellano MDR, Romo-Morales GDC, Sánchez-Palafox JE, Correa-Navarro VA, Colín-Castelán D, Pérez-Vázquez V, Rangel-Salazar R, Rivera-Bustamante R, de la Rocha C, Rodríguez-Ríos D, Trejo-Saavedra DL, Molina-Torres J, Ramírez-Chávez E, García-Rojas NS, Winkler R, Lund G, Zaina S. The DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine blunts the response to a high-animal fat and protein diet in mice. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100586. [PMID: 38942113 PMCID: PMC11325794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence hints that DNA hypermethylation may mediate the pathogenic response to cardiovascular risk factors. Here, we tested a corollary of that hypothesis, that is, that the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine (Dec) ameliorates the metabolic profile of mice fed a moderately high-animal fat and protein diet (HAFPD), a proxy of cardiovascular risk-associated Western-type diet. HAFPD-fed mice were exposed to Dec or vehicle for eight weeks (8W set, 4-32/group). To assess any memory of past exposure to Dec, we surveyed a second mice set treated as 8W but HAFPD-fed for further eight weeks without any Dec (16W set, 4-20/group). In 8W, Dec markedly reduced HAFPD-induced body weight gain in females, but marginally in males. Characterization of females revealed that Dec augmented skeletal muscle lipid content, while decreasing liver fat content and increasing plasma nonesterified fatty acids, adipose insulin resistance, and-although marginally-whole blood acylcarnitines, compared to HAFPD alone. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA copy number was higher in 8W mice exposed to HAFPD and Dec, or in 16W mice fed HAFPD only, relative to 8W mice fed HAFPD only, but Dec induced a transcriptional profile indicative of ameliorated mitochondrial function. Memory of past Dec exposure was tissue-specific and sensitive to both duration of exposure to HAFPD and age. In conclusion, Dec redirected HAFPD-induced lipid accumulation toward the skeletal muscle, likely due to augmented mitochondrial functionality and increased lipid demand. As caveat, Dec induced adipose insulin resistance. Our findings may help identifying strategies for prevention and treatment of lipid dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de Jesús Flores-Sierra
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Purísima del Rincón, Purísima del Rincón, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Dannia Colín-Castelán
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | - Victoriano Pérez-Vázquez
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | - Rubén Rangel-Salazar
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Carmen de la Rocha
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
| | | | | | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Gertrud Lund
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico.
| | - Silvio Zaina
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.
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Vázquez-Sánchez A, Rodríguez-Ríos D, Colín-Castelán D, Molina-Torres J, Ramírez-Chávez E, Romo-Morales GDC, Zaina S, Lund G. Effects of paternal arachidonic acid supplementation on offspring behavior and hypothalamus inflammation markers in the mouse. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300141. [PMID: 38512839 PMCID: PMC10956830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is involved in inflammation and plays a role in growth and brain development in infants. We previously showed that exposure of mouse sires to AA for three consecutive generations induces a cumulative change in fatty acid (FA) involved in inflammation and an increase in body and liver weight in the offspring. Here, we tested the hypothesis that paternal AA exposure changes the progeny's behavioral response to a proinflammatory insult, and asked whether tissue-specific FA are associated with that response. Male BALB/c mice were supplemented daily with three doses of AA for 10 days and crossed to non-supplemented females (n = 3/dose). Two-month-old unsupplemented male and female offspring (n = 6/paternal AA dose) were exposed to Gram-negative bacteria-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or saline control two hours prior to open field test (OFT) behavioral analysis and subsequent sacrifice. We probed for significant effects of paternal AA exposure on: OFT behaviors; individual FA content of blood, hypothalamus and hypothalamus-free brain; hypothalamic expression profile of genes related to inflammation (Tnfa, Il1b, Cox1, Cox2) and FA synthesis (Scd1, Elovl6). All parameters were affected by paternal AA supplementation in a sex-specific manner. Paternal AA primed the progeny for behavior associated with increased anxiety, with a marked sex dimorphism: high AA doses acted as surrogate of LPS in males, realigning a number of OFT behaviors that in females were differential between saline and LPS groups. Progeny hypothalamic Scd1, a FA metabolism enzyme with documented pro-inflammatory activity, showed a similar pattern of differential expression between saline and LPS groups at high paternal AA dose in females, that was blunted in males. Progeny FA generally were not affected by LPS, but displayed non-linear associations with paternal AA doses. In conclusion, we document that paternal exposure to AA exerts long-term behavioral and biochemical effects in the progeny in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dannia Colín-Castelán
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Leon Campus, Leon, Gto., Mexico
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
| | | | | | - Silvio Zaina
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Leon Campus, Leon, Gto., Mexico
| | - Gertrud Lund
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
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Sharma S, Bhonde R. Dilemma of Epigenetic Changes Causing or Reducing Metabolic Disorders in Offsprings of Obese Mothers. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:665-676. [PMID: 37813098 DOI: 10.1055/a-2159-9128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with fetal complications predisposing later to the development of metabolic syndrome during childhood and adult stages. High-fat diet seems to influence individuals and their subsequent generations in mediating weight gain, insulin resistance, obesity, high cholesterol, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorder. Research evidence strongly suggests that epigenetic alteration is the major contributor to the development of metabolic syndrome through DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression. In this review, we have discussed the outcome of recent studies on the adverse and beneficial effects of nutrients and vitamins through epigenetics during pregnancy. We have further discussed about the miRNAs altered during maternal obesity. Identification of new epigenetic modifiers such as mesenchymal stem cells condition media (MSCs-CM)/exosomes for accelerating the reversal of epigenetic abnormalities for the development of new treatments is yet another aspect of the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Sharma
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Ramesh Bhonde
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Pune (Deemed University), Pune, India
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Zúñiga-Sánchez P, González-Ortega C, Cancino-Villarreal P, Martínez-Garza S, Molina-Torres J, Ramírez-Chávez E, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez AM, Lund G, Zaina S. Associations of fertility parameters with fatty acids and DNA methylation in Mexican women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:75-82. [PMID: 36450896 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acids (FA) likely affect human fertility at multiple levels, as deviations from physiological FA profiles are obesogenic, and FA can modify DNA methylation (DNAm). Yet, the interplay of follicular fluid (FF) and serum FA with BMI and percentage body fat (PBF) in human fertility is not completely understood. Also, associations of DNAm with fertility are largely unexplored. METHODS Reproductive parameters ranging from retrieved oocyte number to infant birth weight, were recorded in Mexican women undergoing in vitro fertilization (n = 88). Multiple regression analysis sought BMI-adjusted and age-adjusted associations. Receiver operating characteristic analysis tested for discrimination between outcomes. RESULTS Associations of FF and serum FA were markedly distinct. While various FF FA (C16:1, C18:0, C20:2, C20:3, arachidonic acid) were significantly and inversely associated only with retrieved oocyte number, selected serum FA were associated with a broad range of pre-fertilization and post-fertilization parameters. Associations of BMI and FF FA were complex, as arachidonic acid was inversely associated with both BMI and retrieved oocyte number, while oleic acid (OA) was directly associated with BMI and PBF. Ultrasound-assessed clinical pregnancy outcome (CP) was directly associated with serum OA but inversely with its trans isomer elaidic acid (EA) and with BMI. Compounded BMI, serum EA and OA discriminated CP well (AUC = 0.74). Whole blood DNA methylation was significantly associated with and a moderate predictor (AUC = 0.66) of percent fertilized oocytes. CONCLUSIONS Overall FF FA pool composition rather than FA identity may impact oocyte production and cellular memory of FF FA is lost as the oocyte exits the follicular environment. The contrasting associations of BMI, FF OA and arachidonic acid suggest that the control of oocyte homeostasis by FF FA is uncoupled from BMI. Further studies are warranted to assess the potential of compounding BMI with serum EA and OA to predict CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Zúñiga-Sánchez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.,Institute of Sciences in Human Reproduction "Vida", Leon, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
| | | | | | - Gertrud Lund
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico.
| | - Silvio Zaina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.
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Sonthalia M, Roy BS, Chandrawanshi D, Ganesh GV, Jayasuriya R, Mohandas S, Rajagopal S, Ramkumar KM. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as antidiabetic agents: Advances and opportunities. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tieu S, Charchoglyan A, Wagter-Lesperance L, Karimi K, Bridle BW, Karrow NA, Mallard BA. Immunoceuticals: Harnessing Their Immunomodulatory Potential to Promote Health and Wellness. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194075. [PMID: 36235727 PMCID: PMC9571036 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge that certain nutraceuticals can modulate the immune system is not new. These naturally occurring compounds are known as immunoceuticals, which is a novel term that refers to products and systems that naturally improve an individual’s immuno-competence. Examples of immunoceuticals include vitamin D3, mushroom glycans, flavonols, quercetin, omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, and micronutrients (e.g., zinc and selenium), to name a few. The immune system is a complex and highly intricate system comprising molecules, cells, tissues, and organs that are regulated by many different genetic and environmental factors. There are instances, such as pathological conditions, in which a normal immune response is suboptimal or inappropriate and thus augmentation or tuning of the immune response by immunoceuticals may be desired. With infectious diseases, cancers, autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, and allergies on the rise in both humans and animals, the importance of the use of immunoceuticals to prevent, treat, or augment the treatment of these conditions is becoming more evident as a natural and often economical approach to support wellness. The global nutraceuticals market, which includes immunoceuticals, is a multi-billion-dollar industry, with a market size value of USD 454.55 billion in 2021, which is expected to reach USD 991.09 billion by 2030. This review will provide an overview of the immune system, the importance of immunomodulation, and defining and testing for immunocompetence, followed by a discussion of several key immunoceuticals with clinically proven and evidence-based immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tieu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Armen Charchoglyan
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Advanced Analysis Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lauri Wagter-Lesperance
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Bonnie A. Mallard
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Transcriptional Factors and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Obesity and Related Metabolic Comorbidities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162520. [PMID: 36010597 PMCID: PMC9406382 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Roles of Palmitoleic Acid and Its Positional Isomers, Hypogeic and Sapienic Acids, in Inflammation, Metabolic Diseases and Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142146. [PMID: 35883589 PMCID: PMC9319324 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, the monounsaturated hexadecenoic fatty acids are being increasingly considered as biomarkers of health with key functions in physiology and pathophysiology. Palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) and sapienic acid (16:1n-10) are synthesized from palmitic acid by the action of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and fatty acid desaturase 2, respectively. A third positional isomer, hypogeic acid (16:1n-9) is produced from the partial β-oxidation of oleic acid. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the effects of palmitoleic acid and, where available, sapienic acid and hypogeic acid, on metabolic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. The results have shown diverse effects among studies in cell lines, animal models and humans. Palmitoleic acid was described as a lipokine able to regulate different metabolic processes such as an increase in insulin sensitivity in muscle, β cell proliferation, prevention of endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipogenic activity in white adipocytes. Numerous beneficial effects have been attributed to palmitoleic acid, both in mouse models and in cell lines. However, its role in humans is not fully understood, and is sometimes controversial. Regarding sapienic acid and hypogeic acid, studies on their biological effects are still scarce, but accumulating evidence suggests that they also play important roles in metabolic regulation. The multiplicity of effects reported for palmitoleic acid and the compartmentalized manner in which they often occur, may suggest the overlapping actions of multiple isomers being present at the same or neighboring locations.
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