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Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Zhang B, Wang R, Chen L, Wang Y, Feng W, Zheng X, Li K, Zhou N. Untargeted serum and gastric metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis reveal the superior efficacy of zingiberis rhizoma recens-/euodiae fructus-processed Coptidis Rhizoma on gastric ulcer rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118376. [PMID: 38782310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zingiberis rhizoma recens-/wine-/euodiae fructus-processed Coptidis Rhizoma (CR, zCR/wCR/eCR) are the commonly used processed products of CR in clinic. After being processed with different excipients, the efficacy of CR will change accordingly. I.e., wCR could resolve excessive heat of the upper energizer, zCR could eliminate gastric heat and harmonize the stomach, eCR could smooth the liver and harmonize the stomach. However, the underlying mechanisms were still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To further verify the differential efficacy of the three processed CR products and compare the mechanisms on gastric ulcer. MATERIAL AND METHODS First, a GU model, whose onset is closely related to the heat in stomach and the disharmony between liver and stomach, was established, and the therapeutic effects of zCR/wCR/eCR/CR were evaluated by pathologic observation and measurement of cytokine levels. Second, metabolomics analysis and network pharmacology were conducted to reveal the differential intervening mechanism of zCR/eCR on GU. Third, the predicted mechanisms from metabolomics analysis and network pharmacology were validated using western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. RESULTS zCR/wCR/eCR/CR could alleviate the pathologic damage to varying degrees. In metabolomics research, fewer metabolic pathways were enriched in serum samples, and most of them were also present in the results of gastric tissue samples. The gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects of zCR/wCR/eCR/CR might be due to their interference on histidine, arachidonic acid, and glycerophospholipids metabolism. Quantitative results indicated that zCR/eCR had a better therapeutic effect than wCR/CR in treating GU. A comprehensive analysis of metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed that zCR and eCR exerted anti-GU effects via intervening in five core targets, including AKT, TNF, IL6, IL1B and PPARG. In the validation experiment, zCR/eCR could significantly reverse the abnormal expression of proteins related to apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, gastric function, as well as the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. CONCLUSION zCR and eCR could offer gastroprotective benefits by resisting inflammation and apoptosis, inhibiting gastric-acid secretion, as well as strengthening gastric mucosal defense and antioxidant capacity. Integrating network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis could reveal the acting mechanism of drugs and promote the development of medications to counteract GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkai Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Bingxian Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Long Chen
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Kai Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Ning Zhou
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
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2
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Lee MH, Nuccio SP, Mohanty I, Hagey LR, Dorrestein PC, Chu H, Raffatellu M. How bile acids and the microbiota interact to shape host immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01057-x. [PMID: 39009868 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Bile acids are increasingly appearing in the spotlight owing to their novel impacts on various host processes. Similarly, there is growing attention on members of the microbiota that are responsible for bile acid modifications. With recent advances in technology enabling the discovery and continued identification of microbially conjugated bile acids, the chemical complexity of the bile acid landscape in the body is increasing at a rapid pace. In this Review, we summarize our current understanding of how bile acids and the gut microbiota interact to modulate immune responses during homeostasis and disease, with a particular focus on the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Lee
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Paediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sean-Paul Nuccio
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Paediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ipsita Mohanty
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lee R Hagey
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manuela Raffatellu
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Paediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), La Jolla, CA, USA.
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3
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Mohanty I, Allaband C, Mannochio-Russo H, El Abiead Y, Hagey LR, Knight R, Dorrestein PC. The changing metabolic landscape of bile acids - keys to metabolism and immune regulation. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:493-516. [PMID: 38575682 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Bile acids regulate nutrient absorption and mitochondrial function, they establish and maintain gut microbial community composition and mediate inflammation, and they serve as signalling molecules that regulate appetite and energy homeostasis. The observation that there are hundreds of bile acids, especially many amidated bile acids, necessitates a revision of many of the classical descriptions of bile acids and bile acid enzyme functions. For example, bile salt hydrolases also have transferase activity. There are now hundreds of known modifications to bile acids and thousands of bile acid-associated genes, especially when including the microbiome, distributed throughout the human body (for example, there are >2,400 bile salt hydrolases alone). The fact that so much of our genetic and small-molecule repertoire, in both amount and diversity, is dedicated to bile acid function highlights the centrality of bile acids as key regulators of metabolism and immune homeostasis, which is, in large part, communicated via the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Mohanty
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Celeste Allaband
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Helena Mannochio-Russo
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yasin El Abiead
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lee R Hagey
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Leung HKM, Lo EKK, Zhang F, Felicianna, Ismaiah MJ, Chen C, El-Nezami H. Modulation of Gut Microbial Biomarkers and Metabolites in Cancer Management by Tea Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6348. [PMID: 38928054 PMCID: PMC11203446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers are causing millions of deaths and leaving a huge clinical and economic burden. High costs of cancer drugs are limiting their access to the growing number of cancer cases. The development of more affordable alternative therapy could reach more patients. As gut microbiota plays a significant role in the development and treatment of cancer, microbiome-targeted therapy has gained more attention in recent years. Dietary and natural compounds can modulate gut microbiota composition while providing broader and more accessible access to medicine. Tea compounds have been shown to have anti-cancer properties as well as modulate the gut microbiota and their related metabolites. However, there is no comprehensive review that focuses on the gut modulatory effects of tea compounds and their impact on reshaping the metabolic profiles, particularly in cancer models. In this review, the effects of different tea compounds on gut microbiota in cancer settings are discussed. Furthermore, the relationship between these modulated bacteria and their related metabolites, along with the mechanisms of how these changes led to cancer intervention are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Kit Matthew Leung
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
| | - Emily Kwun Kwan Lo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
| | - Fangfei Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
| | - Felicianna
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
| | - Marsena Jasiel Ismaiah
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
| | - Congjia Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (H.K.M.L.); (E.K.K.L.); (F.Z.); (F.); (M.J.I.); (C.C.)
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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5
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Amino Acids during Pregnancy and Offspring Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:1263. [PMID: 38732510 PMCID: PMC11085482 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are essential for normal pregnancy and fetal development. Disruptions in maternal amino acid metabolism have been associated with various adult diseases later in life, a phenomenon referred to as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). In this review, we examine the recent evidence highlighting the significant impact of amino acids on fetal programming, their influence on the modulation of gut microbiota, and their repercussions on offspring outcomes, particularly in the context of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Furthermore, we delve into experimental studies that have unveiled the protective effects of therapies targeting amino acids. These interventions have demonstrated the potential to reprogram traits associated with CKM in offspring. The discussion encompasses the challenges of translating the findings from animal studies to clinical applications, emphasizing the complexity of this process. Additionally, we propose potential solutions to overcome these challenges. Ultimately, as we move forward, future research endeavors should aim to pinpoint the most effective amino-acid-targeted therapies, determining the optimal dosage and mode of administration. This exploration is essential for maximizing the reprogramming effects, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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6
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Zhao S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Cui X, Liu H, Yan Y, Sun Y, Qi Y, Liu Y. The comprehensive mechanism underlying Schisandra polysaccharide in AD-like symptoms of Aβ25-35-induced rats based on hippocampal metabolomics and serum lipidomics techniques. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115717. [PMID: 37716276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
As is well documented, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. Meanwhile, Schisandra polysaccharide (SCP) has been reported to exert a protective effect on the nervous system and can regulate metabolic disorders in AD-like symptoms of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) 25-35-induced rats. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms and metabolic markers for the diagnosis of AD are yet to be determined. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect and potential mechanism of action of SCP in AD-like symptoms of Aβ25-35-induced rats by combining pharmacodynamics, metabolomics, and lipidomics. The pharmacodynamic results revealed that SCP significantly improved the spatial learning and long-term memory function and the morphology of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, alleviated inflammatory damage and oxidative stress, inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes, and increased the proportion of mature neurons of AD-like symptoms of Aβ25-35-induced rats. The results of hippocampal metabolomics and serum lipidomics showed 46 and 48 potential biomarkers were identified for the SCP treatment of AD, respectively. The involved pathways principally comprised lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. This study elucidates the neuroprotective effect of SCP in AD and its mechanism from the perspective of metabolomics and lipidomics and provides a theoretical basis for the therapeutic effect of SCP in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Xinyuan Cui
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Haiqing Liu
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yuexiang Sun
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yongxiu Qi
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Teaching Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Taian 271000, China.
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Tain YL, Hou CY, Chang-Chien GP, Lin S, Hsu CN. Protective Role of Taurine on Rat Offspring Hypertension in the Setting of Maternal Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2059. [PMID: 38136178 PMCID: PMC10740461 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a natural antioxidant with antihypertensive properties. Maternal chronic kidney disease (CKD) has an impact on renal programming and increases the risk of offspring hypertension in later life. The underlying mechanisms cover oxidative stress, a dysregulated hydrogen sulfide (H2S) system, dysbiotic gut microbiota, and inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). We investigated whether perinatal taurine administration enables us to prevent high blood pressure (BP) in offspring complicated by maternal CKD. Before mating, CKD was induced through feeding chow containing 0.5% adenine for 3 weeks. Taurine was administered (3% in drinking water) during gestation and lactation. Four groups of male offspring were used (n = 8/group): controls, CKD, taurine-treated control rats, and taurine-treated rats with CKD. Taurine treatment significantly reduced BP in male offspring born to mothers with CKD. The beneficial effects of perinatal taurine treatment were attributed to an augmented H2S pathway, rebalance of aberrant RAAS activation, and gut microbiota alterations. In summary, our results not only deepen our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying maternal CKD-induced offspring hypertension but also afford us the impetus to consider taurine-based intervention as a promising preventive approach for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
| | - Guo-Ping Chang-Chien
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (G.-P.C.-C.); (S.L.)
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Sufan Lin
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (G.-P.C.-C.); (S.L.)
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Ho KM, Lee A, Wu W, Chan MT, Ling L, Lipman J, Roberts J, Litton E, Joynt GM, Wong M. Flattening the biological age curve by improving metabolic health: to taurine or not to taurine, that' s the question. J Geriatr Cardiol 2023; 20:813-823. [PMID: 38098466 PMCID: PMC10716614 DOI: 10.26599/1671-5411.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed countries. Although medical advances have substantially extended life span, the same cannot be said for the duration of health span. We are seeing increasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions; all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare system. Aging is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cognitive decline, and frailty. A recently accepted concept termed 'Accelerated Biological Aging' can be diagnosed when a person's biological age-as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation-is older than their corresponding chronological age. Taurine, a conditionally essential amino acid, has received much attention in the past few years. A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation suggesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health, including blood glucose control, so much that it has been labelled one of the 'longevity amino acids'. In this review article, we propose the rationale that an adequately powered randomized-controlled-trial (RCT) is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health, and biological age. This trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors, and also the community at large, to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok M. Ho
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew T.V. Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lowell Ling
- Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Division of Anaesthesiology Critical Care Emergency and Pain Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Jason Roberts
- Division of Anaesthesiology Critical Care Emergency and Pain Medicine, Nîmes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Herston Infectious Diseases Institute (HeIDI), Metro North Health, Brisbane, Australia
- Departments of Pharmacy and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Edward Litton
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Gavin M. Joynt
- Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Marzano V, Levi Mortera S, Vernocchi P, Del Chierico F, Marangelo C, Guarrasi V, Gardini S, Dentici ML, Capolino R, Digilio MC, Di Donato M, Spasari I, Abreu MT, Dallapiccola B, Putignani L. Williams-Beuren syndrome shapes the gut microbiota metaproteome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18963. [PMID: 37923896 PMCID: PMC10624682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder with multi-systemic manifestations. The evidence that most subjects with WBS face gastrointestinal (GI) comorbidities, have prompted us to carry out a metaproteomic investigation of their gut microbiota (GM) profile compared to age-matched healthy subjects (CTRLs). Metaproteomic analysis was carried out on fecal samples collected from 41 individuals with WBS, and compared with samples from 45 CTRLs. Stool were extracted for high yield in bacterial protein group (PG) content, trypsin-digested and analysed by nanoLiquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Label free quantification, taxonomic assignment by the lowest common ancestor (LCA) algorithm and functional annotations by COG and KEGG databases were performed. Data were statistically interpreted by multivariate and univariate analyses. A WBS GM functional dissimilarity respect to CTRLs, regardless age distribution, was reported. The alterations in function of WBSs GM was primarily based on bacterial pathways linked to carbohydrate transport and metabolism and energy production. Influence of diet, obesity, and GI symptoms was assessed, highlighting changes in GM biochemical patterns, according to WBS subsets' stratification. The LCA-derived ecology unveiled WBS-related functionally active bacterial signatures: Bacteroidetes related to over-expressed PGs, and Firmicutes, specifically the specie Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, linked to under-expressed PGs, suggesting a depletion of beneficial bacteria. These new evidences on WBS gut dysbiosis may offer novel targets for tailored interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Marzano
- Research Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Levi Mortera
- Research Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela Vernocchi
- Research Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Del Chierico
- Research Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Marangelo
- Research Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Guarrasi
- GenomeUp s.r.l., Rome, Italy
- Unit of Computer Systems and Bioinformatics, Department of Engineering, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Di Donato
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Iolanda Spasari
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Abreu
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Crohn's and Colitis Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Unit of Microbiomics and Research Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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10
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Liu H, Liu Y, Hao F, Li B, Cong Y. Inulin supplementation increases the differential metabolites and metabolic pathway in Baird's tapirs (Tapirus bairdii). Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2927-2936. [PMID: 37688788 PMCID: PMC10650514 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of prebiotic has increased substantially over the past decades. Little is known on its metabolic effects in zoo herbivores. We investigated the difference in faecal metabolites to characterize the composition and pathways involved after feeding inulin in zoo Baird's tapirs (Tapirus bairdii). METHODS Faecal samples were collected from before inulin treatment group and after treatment groups in six adult tapirs and analysed using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods. The differential metabolites identified and metabolic pathways involved were analysed using KEGG annotation. RESULTS The results demonstrated significant alterations in faecal metabolites and metabolic pathways in comparison to the control group. The amounts of differential metabolites and metabolic pathways tended to enrich with time after the treatment. We found that tryptophan and purine metabolism were relevant to the important metabolic pathways of the metabolite differences. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that inulin may have potential applications in captive wildlife, which may provide insights into the effects of prebiotic supplementation on gut metabolites and highlights further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife TechnologyBeijing ZooBeijingChina
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife TechnologyBeijing ZooBeijingChina
| | - Feier Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife TechnologyBeijing ZooBeijingChina
| | - Bo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife TechnologyBeijing ZooBeijingChina
| | - Yipeng Cong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife TechnologyBeijing ZooBeijingChina
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11
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Jena A, Montoya CA, Fraser K, Giezenaar C, Young W, Mullaney JA, Dilger RN, Roy D, McNabb WC, Roy NC. Metabolite profiling of peripheral blood plasma in pigs in early postnatal life fed whole bovine, caprine or ovine milk. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1242301. [PMID: 37823089 PMCID: PMC10564076 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1242301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminants' milk is commonly used for supplying nutrients to infants when breast milk is unavailable or limited. Previous studies have highlighted the differences between ruminants' milk composition, digestion, absorption, and fermentation. However, whether consuming different ruminants' milk impact the appearance of the circulatory blood metabolites in the early postnatal life is not well understood. The analysis conducted here aimed to determine the effect of feeding exclusively whole milk from bovine, caprine or ovine species to pigs, approximately 7 days-old for 15 days, on circulatory blood plasma metabolites. Relative intensities of plasma metabolites were detected using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomic approach. Seven polar and 83 non-polar (lipids) metabolites in plasma were significantly different (false discovery rate < 0.05) between milk treatments. These included polar metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism and lipids belonging to phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and triglycerides. Compared to the caprine or bovine milk group, the relative intensities of polar metabolites and unsaturated triglycerides were higher in the peripheral circulation of the ovine milk group. In contrast, relative intensities of saturated triglycerides and phosphatidylcholine were higher in the bovine milk group compared to the ovine or caprine milk group. In addition, correlations were identified between amino acid and lipid intake and their appearance in peripheral blood circulation. The results highlighted that consuming different ruminants' milk influences the plasma appearance of metabolites, especially lipids, that may contribute to early postnatal life development in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Jena
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A. Montoya
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Giezenaar
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Food Experience and Sensory Testing (FEAST) Laboratory, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane A. Mullaney
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ryan N. Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Debashree Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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12
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Anastasescu CM, Gheorman V, Popescu F, Stoicănescu EC, Gheorman V, Riza AL, Badea O, Streață I, Militaru F, Udriștoiu I. Serum Amino Acid Profiling in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Insights from a Single-Center Study in Southern Romania. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2487. [PMID: 37761684 PMCID: PMC10530373 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the serum amino acid profile in children diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in southern Romania. The analysis aimed to provide insights into the underlying metabolic dysregulations associated with ASD. ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, communication deficits, and restricted repetitive behaviors. Although the exact cause of ASD is largely unknown, recent evidence suggests that abnormalities in amino acid metabolism may contribute to its pathogenesis. Therefore, studying the amino acid profile in children with ASD could offer valuable information for understanding the metabolic disturbances associated with this complex disorder. This single-center study examined serum samples from children diagnosed with ASD, utilizing advanced analytical techniques to quantify the levels of different amino acids, amino acid derivatives, and amino acid-like substances. The results showed a lower level of taurine and a higher level of asparagine and leucine in the ASD group versus the control group. In the ASD group, we observed significant differences in tryptophan and alpha-aminobutyric acid levels based on age, with higher tryptophan levels in children older than 7 years when compared to children younger than 7 years; however, no significant correlations were found with the ASD group older than 7 years old. Additionally, younger children with ASD exhibited higher levels of alpha-aminobutyric acid than older children with ASD. The findings from this study contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the metabolic aspects of ASD, highlighting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for improving the management and treatment of ASD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Mihaela Anastasescu
- Hospital of Neuropsychiatry Craiova, Children Mental Health Center, Pharmacology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Veronica Gheorman
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Florica Popescu
- Pharmacology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Eugen-Cristi Stoicănescu
- Pediatry Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital Râmnicu Vâlcea, 200300 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania;
| | - Victor Gheorman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.G.); (F.M.); (I.U.)
| | - Anca-Lelia Riza
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Craiova, Romania; (A.-L.R.); (I.S.)
| | - Oana Badea
- Department of Modern Languages, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Ioana Streață
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Craiova, Romania; (A.-L.R.); (I.S.)
| | - Felicia Militaru
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.G.); (F.M.); (I.U.)
| | - Ion Udriștoiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.G.); (F.M.); (I.U.)
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13
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Cao Y, Zhang S, Tang L, Chen Y, Jiang S, Liu L, Gao X. Exploring the effects of Qijiao Shengbai capsule on leukopenic mice from the perspective of intestinbased on metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19949. [PMID: 37810141 PMCID: PMC10559567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Qijiao Shengbai capsule (QJSB) is formulated according to the traditional Chinese medicine formula, its function is to nourish Qi and blood, improve the body's immunity. Leukopenia has been treated with it in clinical settings. However, the mechanism of leukopenia from the perspective of intestinal tract has not been reported. This study combined metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing technologies to investigate the mechanism of QJSB on leukopenia from the intestine. As a result of cyclophosphamide induction in mice, the results demonstrated that QJSB may greatly increase the quantity of peripheral leukocytes (including neutrophils). Meanwhile, QJSB had a restorative effect on the colon of leukopenic mice; it also increased the level of IL-2, IL-6 and G-CSF in the intestine, further enhancing the immunity and hematopoietic function of mice. Metabolic studies showed that QJSB altered 27 metabolites, most notably amino acid metabolism. In addition, QJSB had a positive regulatory effect on the intestinal microbiota, and could alter community composition by improving the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbial, which mainly involved 6 related bacterial groups, and primarily regulates three associated SCFAs (acetic acid, butyrate acid and valeric acid). Therefore, this study suggests that QJSB can improve hematopoietic function, enhance the immune system, relieve leucopenia and improve the gut in leucopenic mice by modulating metabolic response pathways, fecal metabolites and intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Experimental Animal Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Siyue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Liu
- Guizhou Hanfang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Xiuli Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Center of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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14
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Liu X, Cao G, Qiu K, Dong Y, Hu C. Lactobacillus plantarum Decreased Ammonia Emissions through Modulating Cecal Microbiotain Broilers Challenged with Ammonia. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2739. [PMID: 37685002 PMCID: PMC10487022 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation has become a prominent method of decreasing ammonia emissions in poultry production. The present study was conducted to investigate the influence of Lactobacillus plantarum on ammonia emission, immune responses, antioxidant capacity, cecal microflora and short chain fatty acids, and serum metabolites in broilers challenged with ammonia. A total of 360 1-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into three treatment groups: birds fed with a basal diet (CON), a basal diet supplemented with ammonia (AN), and a basal diet supplemented with 2.5 × 108 CFU L. plantarum kg-1 and challenged with ammonia (LP). Data showed that L. plantarum supplementation decreased ammonia more than 30% from day 48, and significantly reduced the levels of serum urea nitrogen and ammonia, fecal urease, and ammonium nitrogen compared with those on CON. Compared with AN and CON treatments, LP administration increased (p < 0.05) the concentration of serum immunoglobulin Y (IgY), IgM, and IL-10, as well as the serum total-antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and GSH-Px, and decreased (p < 0.05) IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, birds supplemented with LP had higher (p < 0.05) cecal contents of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) than AN birds and had more butyrate than CON birds. Data from 16s high throughput sequencing showed that LP supplementation significantly increased (p < 0.05) the Shannon and Simpson indices of bird cecal microflora, and Alloprevotella dominated the LP birds. The function prediction of cecal microflora indicated that LP treatment significantly increased alanine aspartate and glutamate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, exosome, mismatch repair, homologous recombination, DNA repair and recombination proteins, and amino acid-related enzymes. The serum metabolome showed that LP supplementation significantly changed the aminoacyl-tRNA, pantothenate and acetyl-coenzyme A, arginine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; purine, beta-alanine, galactose, histidine, alanine, aspartate and glutamate, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate, pyruvate and thiamine metabolism, melanogenesis, and citrate cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Liu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Guangtian Cao
- College of Standardisation, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (G.C.); (K.Q.); (Y.D.)
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaifan Qiu
- College of Standardisation, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (G.C.); (K.Q.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yingkun Dong
- College of Standardisation, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (G.C.); (K.Q.); (Y.D.)
| | - Caihong Hu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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15
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Kuusik K, Kasepalu T, Zilmer M, Eha J, Paapstel K, Kilk K, Rehema A, Kals J. Effects of RIPC on the Metabolomical Profile during Lower Limb Digital Subtraction Angiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Metabolites 2023; 13:856. [PMID: 37512563 PMCID: PMC10384110 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has demonstrated protective effects in patients with lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) undergoing digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and/or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). This study aimed to investigate the impact of RIPC on the metabolomical profile of LEAD patients undergoing these procedures and to elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms. A total of 100 LEAD patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the RIPC group (n = 46) or the sham group (n = 54). Blood samples were drawn before and 24 h after intervention. Targeted metabolomics analysis was performed using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit, and changes in metabolite concentrations were compared between the groups. The RIPC group demonstrated significantly different dynamics in nine metabolites compared to the sham group, which generally showed a decrease in metabolite concentrations. The impacted metabolites included glutamate, taurine, the arginine-dimethyl-amide-to-arginine ratio, lysoPC a C24:0, lysoPC a C28:0, lysoPC a C26:1, PC aa C38:1, PC ae C30:2, and PC ae C44:3. RIPC exhibited a 'stabilization' effect, maintaining metabolite levels amidst ischemia-reperfusion injuries, suggesting its role in enhancing metabolic control. This may improve outcomes for LEAD patients. However, additional studies are needed to definitively establish causal relationships among these metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kuusik
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Teele Kasepalu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Zilmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaan Eha
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaido Paapstel
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kalle Kilk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aune Rehema
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Kals
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Surgery Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
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16
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Yang L, Tian J. Changes of intestinal flora in children with febrile seizure. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33730. [PMID: 37335742 PMCID: PMC10194469 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS) is a highly recurrent neuro-system disorder in children that affects their nervous system development and quality of life. However, the pathogenesis of febrile seizures remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate the potential differences in the intestinal flora and metabolomics between healthy children and those with FS. By examining the relationship between specific flora and different metabolites, we hope to shed light on the pathogenesis of FS. Fecal specimens were collected from healthy children (n = 15) and children with febrile seizures (n = 15), and 16S rDNA sequencing was conducted to characterize intestinal flora. Subsequently, fecal samples from healthy (n = 6) and febrile seizure children (n = 6) were used to characterize metabolomics using linear discriminant analysis of effect size, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (pathway enrichment analysis), and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes topology analysis. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify metabolites in the fecal samples. The intestinal microbiome in the febrile seizure children significantly differed from that in the healthy children at the phylum level. Ten differentially accumulated metabolites (xanthosine, (S)-abscisic acid, N-palmitoylglycine, (+/-)-2-(5-methyl-5-vinyl-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) propionaldehyde, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrylcarnitine, lauroylcarnitine, oleoylethanolamide, tetradecyl carnitine, taurine, and lysoPC [18:1 (9z)/0:0] were considered the potential febrile seizure markers. Three metabolic pathways (taurine metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and arginine biosynthesis) were found essential in febrile seizure. Bacteroides were significantly correlated with the 4 differential metabolites. Adjusting the balance of intestinal flora may be an effective method for preventing and treating febrile seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianmei Tian
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
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17
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Chen C, Liu L, Zhong Y, Wang M, Ai Y, Hou Y, Chen H, Lin X, Zhang Y, Ding M, Luo T, Li J, Li X, Xiao X. Gut microbiota-bile acids-glucagon like peptide-1 axis contributes the resistance to high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 117:109358. [PMID: 37085058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
In human and rodents, some individuals may remain lean even when they are challenged with high calorie intake. The underlying mechanism for resistance to diet-induced obesity was poorly understood. Here, we used C57BL/6J mice to establish animal models of high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity sensitive (DIO) mice and obesity resistant (DIR) mice. We then investigated the role of gut microbiota, bile acids (BAs) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis in the development of DIR. Reduced fat accumulation, increased glucose tolerance and energy expenditure through BAT activation were observed in DIR mice. The plasma BAs of DIR mice especially the unconjugated BAs were significantly decreased, while intestine tauro-conjugated bile acids (T-CA, T-β-MCA, T-ω-MCA and T-UDCA) were significantly increased in DIR mice. The composition of the gut flora also changed drastically, and negative correlation was found between metabolic profiles (plasma TG, TC, LDL and body weight) and the abundance of Ruminiclostridium in DIR mice, while genus Anaerotruncus abundance in DOR mice was found to be positively correlated. After fecal microbiota transplants, HFD fed recipient mice exhibited a trend toward reduced adiposity and improved glucose tolerance, while showing increased serum tauro-conjugated BAs levels. STC-1 cell experiments confirmed tauro-conjugated BA (T-β-MCA) activated FXR/TGR5 pathway and induced the production of GLP-1, inhibiting genes that regulate the ceramide synthesis. Our results indicated that the DIR mice exhibited higher energy expenditure by activating BAT thermogenesis, which may be related altered gut microbiota-bile acids-glucagon like peptide-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lingli Liu
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Miaoran Wang
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yanbiao Ai
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Hou
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Experimental Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaojing Lin
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yunqi Zhang
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Min Ding
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xinyu Li
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Qian W, Li M, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhai Q. Effects of Taurine on Gut Microbiota Homeostasis: An Evaluation Based on Two Models of Gut Dysbiosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041048. [PMID: 37189666 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine, an abundant free amino acid, plays multiple roles in the body, including bile acid conjugation, osmoregulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation prevention. Although the relationship between taurine and the gut has been briefly described, the effects of taurine on the reconstitution of intestinal flora homeostasis under conditions of gut dysbiosis and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the effects of taurine on the intestinal flora and homeostasis of healthy mice and mice with dysbiosis caused by antibiotic treatment and pathogenic bacterial infections. The results showed that taurine supplementation could significantly regulate intestinal microflora, alter fecal bile acid composition, reverse the decrease in Lactobacillus abundance, boost intestinal immunity in response to antibiotic exposure, resist colonization by Citrobacter rodentium, and enhance the diversity of flora during infection. Our results indicate that taurine has the potential to shape the gut microbiota of mice and positively affect the restoration of intestinal homeostasis. Thus, taurine can be utilized as a targeted regulator to re-establish a normal microenvironment and to treat or prevent gut dysbiosis.
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Zhao J, Yang Q, Liu Z, Xu P, Tian L, Yan J, Li K, Lin B, Bian L, Xi Z, Liu X. The impact of subchronic ozone exposure on serum metabolome and the mechanisms of abnormal bile acid and arachidonic acid metabolisms in the liver. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114573. [PMID: 36701875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ambient ozone (O3) pollution can induce respiratory and cardiovascular toxicity. However, its impact on the metabolome and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study first investigated the serum metabolite changes in rats exposed to 0.5 ppm O3 for 3 months using untargeted metabolomic approach. Results showed chronic ozone exposure significantly altered the serum levels of 34 metabolites with potential increased risk of digestive, respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, bile acid synthesis and secretion, and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism became the most prominent affected metabolic pathways after O3 exposure. Further studies on the mechanisms found that the elevated serum toxic bile acid was not due to the increased biosynthesis in the liver, but the reduced reuptake from the portal vein to hepatocytes owing to repressed Ntcp and Oatp1a1, and the decreased bile acid efflux in hepatocytes as a results of inhibited Bsep, Ostalpha and Ostbeta. Meanwhile, decreased expressions of detoxification enzyme of SULT2A1 and the important regulators of FXR, PXR and HNF4α also contributed to the abnormal bile acids. In addition, O3 promoted the conversion of AA into thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and 20-hydroxyarachidonic acid (20-HETE) in the liver by up-regulation of Fads2, Cyp4a and Tbxas1 which resulting in decreased AA and linoleic acid (LA), and increased thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 20-HETE in the serum. Furthermore, apparent hepatic chronic inflammation, fibrosis and abnormal function were found in ozone-exposed rats. These results indicated chronic ozone exposure could alter serum metabolites by interfering their metabolism in the liver, and inducing liver injury to aggravate metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Qingcheng Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Lei Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Kang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Bencheng Lin
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Liping Bian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Research Progress on the Therapeutic Effect of Polysaccharides on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through the Regulation of the Gut–Liver Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911710. [PMID: 36233011 PMCID: PMC9570256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease affecting global public health at present, which can induce cirrhosis and liver cancer in serious cases. However, NAFLD is a multifactorial disease, and there is still a lack of research on its mechanism and therapeutic strategy. With the development of the gut–liver axis theory, the association between the gut–liver axis and the pathogenesis of NAFLD has been gradually disclosed. Polysaccharides, as a kind of natural product, have the advantages of low toxicity, multi-target and multi-pathway action. It has been reported that polysaccharides can affect the gut–liver axis at multiple interrelated levels, such as maintaining the ecological balance of gut microbiota (GM), regulating the metabolites of GM and improving the intestinal barrier function, which thereby plays a protective role in NAFLD. These studies have great scientific significance in understanding NAFLD based on the gut–liver axis and developing safe and effective medical treatments. Herein, we reviewed the recent progress of polysaccharides in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through the gut–liver axis.
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