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Osonoi S, Takebe T. Organoid-guided precision hepatology for metabolic liver disease. J Hepatol 2024; 80:805-821. [PMID: 38237864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease affects millions of people worldwide. Progress towards a definitive cure has been incremental and treatment is currently limited to lifestyle modification. Hepatocyte-specific lipid accumulation is the main trigger of lipotoxic events, driving inflammation and fibrosis. The underlying pathology is extraordinarily heterogenous, and the manifestations of steatohepatitis are markedly influenced by metabolic communications across non-hepatic organs. Synthetic human tissue models have emerged as powerful platforms to better capture the mechanistic diversity in disease progression, while preserving person-specific genetic traits. In this review, we will outline current research efforts focused on integrating multiple synthetic tissue models of key metabolic organs, with an emphasis on organoid-based systems. By combining functional genomics and population-scale en masse profiling methodologies, human tissues derived from patients can provide insights into personalised genetic, transcriptional, biochemical, and metabolic states. These collective efforts will advance our understanding of steatohepatitis and guide the development of rational solutions for mechanism-directed diagnostic and therapeutic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Osonoi
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; WPI Premium Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe) and Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Communication Design Center, Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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Kasturi M, Mathur V, Gadre M, Srinivasan V, Vasanthan KS. Three Dimensional Bioprinting for Hepatic Tissue Engineering: From In Vitro Models to Clinical Applications. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:21-52. [PMID: 37882981 PMCID: PMC10764711 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabrication of functional organs is the holy grail of tissue engineering and the possibilities of repairing a partial or complete liver to treat chronic liver disorders are discussed in this review. Liver is the largest gland in the human body and plays a responsible role in majority of metabolic function and processes. Chronic liver disease is one of the leading causes of death globally and the current treatment strategy of organ transplantation holds its own demerits. Hence there is a need to develop an in vitro liver model that mimics the native microenvironment. The developed model should be a reliable to understand the pathogenesis, screen drugs and assist to repair and replace the damaged liver. The three-dimensional bioprinting is a promising technology that recreates in vivo alike in vitro model for transplantation, which is the goal of tissue engineers. The technology has great potential due to its precise control and its ability to homogeneously distribute cells on all layers in a complex structure. This review gives an overview of liver tissue engineering with a special focus on 3D bioprinting and bioinks for liver disease modelling and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Kasturi
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vidhi Mathur
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Mrunmayi Gadre
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Varadharajan Srinivasan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kirthanashri S Vasanthan
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Nair DG, Weiskirchen R. Recent Advances in Liver Tissue Engineering as an Alternative and Complementary Approach for Liver Transplantation. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 46:262-278. [PMID: 38248320 PMCID: PMC10814863 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic liver diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting millions of people. Liver transplantation is the primary intervention method, replacing a non-functional liver with a functional one. However, the field of liver transplantation faces challenges such as donor shortage, postoperative complications, immune rejection, and ethical problems. Consequently, there is an urgent need for alternative therapies that can complement traditional transplantation or serve as an alternative method. In this review, we explore the potential of liver tissue engineering as a supplementary approach to liver transplantation, offering benefits to patients with severe liver dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep G. Nair
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Septiana WL, Ayudyasari W, Gunardi H, Pawitan JA, Balachander GM, Yu H, Antarianto RD. Liver organoids cocultured on decellularized native liver scaffolds as a bridging therapy improves survival from liver failure in rabbits. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:747-763. [PMID: 38110841 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop viable liver organoids using decellularized native liver scaffolds and evaluate the efficacy of human liver organoid transplantation in a rabbit model of cirrhosis. Liver organoids were formed by coculture of hepatocyte-like cells derived from the human-induced pluripotent stem cells with three other cell types. Twelve 3-mo-old New Zealand White Rabbits underwent a sham operation, bile duct ligation, or biliary duct ligation followed by liver organoid transplantation. Liver organoid structure and function before and after transplantation were evaluated using histological and molecular analyses. A survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method was performed to determine the cumulative probability of survival according to liver organoid transplantation with significantly greater overall survival observed in rabbits that underwent liver organoid transplantation (P = 0.003, log-rank test). The short-term group had higher hepatic expression levels of ALB and CYP3A mRNA and lower expression levels of AST mRNA compared to the long-term group. The short-term group also had lower collagen deposition in liver tissues. Transplantation of human liver organoids cocultured in decellularized native liver scaffold into rabbits that had undergone bile duct ligation improved short-term survival and hepatic function. The results of the present study highlight the potential of liver organoid transplantation as a bridging therapy in liver failure; however, rejection and poor liver organoid function may limit the long-term efficacy of this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyunia Likhayati Septiana
- Program Doktor Ilmu Biomedik, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gunadarma, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Wulan Ayudyasari
- Department of Surgery, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hardian Gunardi
- Department of Surgery, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jeanne Adiwinata Pawitan
- Department of Histology, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Jl Salemba Raya No 6. Jakarta Pusat 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, (IMERI) Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Integrated Service Unit of Stem Cell Medical Technology (IPT TK Sel Punca), Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gowri Manohari Balachander
- Department of Physiology, The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India, 221005
| | - Hanry Yu
- Department of Physiology, The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India, 221005
- Institute of Bioengineering & Bioimaging, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
- CAMP, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, Level 4 Enterprise Wing, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab, #05-01, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto
- Department of Histology, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Jl Salemba Raya No 6. Jakarta Pusat 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, (IMERI) Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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Hiramoto T, Inaba H, Baatartsogt N, Kashiwakura Y, Hayakawa M, Kamoshita N, Nishimasu H, Nureki O, Kinai E, Ohmori T. Genome editing of patient-derived iPSCs identifies a deep intronic variant causing aberrant splicing in hemophilia A. Blood Adv 2023; 7:7017-7027. [PMID: 37792826 PMCID: PMC10690555 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of genetic diagnosis for patients with hemophilia has been recently demonstrated. However, the pathological variant cannot be identified in some patients. Here, we aimed to identify the pathogenic intronic variant causing hemophilia A using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients and genome editing. We analyzed siblings with moderate hemophilia A and without abnormalities in the F8 exon. Next-generation sequencing of the entire F8 revealed 23 common intron variants. Variant effect predictor software indicated that the deep intronic variant at c.5220-8563A>G (intron 14) might act as a splicing acceptor. We developed iPSCs from patients and used genome editing to insert the elongation factor 1α promoter to express F8 messenger RNA (mRNA). Then, we confirmed the existence of abnormal F8 mRNA derived from aberrant splicing, resulting in a premature terminal codon as well as a significant reduction in F8 mRNA in iPSCs due to nonsense-mediated RNA decay. Gene repair by genome editing recovered whole F8 mRNA expression. Introduction of the intron variant into human B-domain-deleted F8 complementary DNA suppressed factor VIII (FVIII) activity and produced abnormal FVIII lacking the light chain in HEK293 cells. Furthermore, genome editing of the intron variant restored FVIII production. In summary, we have directly proven that the deep intronic variant in F8 results in aberrant splicing, leading to abnormal mRNA and nonsense-mediated RNA decay. Additionally, genome editing targeting the variant restored F8 mRNA and FVIII production. Our approach could be useful not only for identifying causal variants but also for verifying the therapeutic effect of personalized genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Hiramoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nemekhbayar Baatartsogt
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuji Kashiwakura
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Morisada Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
- Center for Gene Therapy Research, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kamoshita
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
- Center for Gene Therapy Research, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishimasu
- Structural Biology Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ei Kinai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ohmori
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
- Center for Gene Therapy Research, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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Homayoon Vala M, Bagheri H, Sargazi Z, Bakhtiary N, Pourbeiranvand S, Salehnia M. Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Expression in Recellularized Liver Tissue by Mouse Embryo Fibroblast. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:340-8. [PMID: 37950395 PMCID: PMC10826915 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate alterations in the vegf gene expression as an angiogenic factor in mouse embryo fibroblasts seeded on the decellularized liver fragments. Methods Liver tissue samples (n = 10) collected from adult male mice were randomly divided into decellularized and native control groups. Tissues were decellularized by treating with 1% Triton X-100 and 0.1% SDS for 24 hours and assessed by H&E staining and SEM. Then DNA content analysis and toxicity tests were performed. By centrifugation, DiI-labeled mouse embryo fibroblasts were seeded on each scaffold and cultured for one week. The recellularized scaffolds were studied by H&E staining, SEM, and LSCM. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression of the vegf gene in these samples was investigated using real-time RT-PCR. Results Our observations showed that the decellularized tissues had morphology and porous structure similar to the control group, and their DNA content significantly reduced (p < 0.05) and reached to 4.12% of the control group. The MTT test indicated no significant cellular toxicity for the decellularized scaffolds. Light microscopy, SEM, and LSCM observations confirmed the attachment and penetration of embryonic fibroblast cells on the surface and into different depths of the scaffolds. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of vegf gene expression in the cultured cells in the presence and absence of a scaffold. Conclusion The reconstructed scaffold had no effect on vegf gene expression. Decellularized mouse liver tissue recellularized by embryonic fibroblasts could have an application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahare Homayoon Vala
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zinat Sargazi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Zahedan University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Negar Bakhtiary
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Shahram Pourbeiranvand
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Salehnia
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Allu I, Sahi AK, Koppadi M, Gundu S, Sionkowska A. Decellularization Techniques for Tissue Engineering: Towards Replicating Native Extracellular Matrix Architecture in Liver Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:518. [PMID: 37888183 PMCID: PMC10607724 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of tissue regeneration requires the utilization of a scaffold, which serves as a structural framework facilitating cellular adhesion, proliferation, and migration within a physical environment. The primary aim of scaffolds in tissue engineering is to mimic the structural and functional properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the target tissue. The construction of scaffolds that accurately mimic the architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a challenging task, primarily due to the intricate structural nature and complex composition of the ECM. The technique of decellularization has gained significant attention in the field of tissue regeneration because of its ability to produce natural scaffolds by removing cellular and genetic components from the extracellular matrix (ECM) while preserving its structural integrity. The present study aims to investigate the various decellularization techniques employed for the purpose of isolating the extracellular matrix (ECM) from its native tissue. Additionally, a comprehensive comparison of these methods will be presented, highlighting their respective advantages and disadvantages. The primary objective of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the anatomical and functional features of the native liver, as well as the prevalence and impact of liver diseases. Additionally, this study aims to identify the limitations and difficulties associated with existing therapeutic methods for liver diseases. Furthermore, the study explores the potential of tissue engineering techniques in addressing these challenges and enhancing liver performance. By investigating these aspects, this research field aims to contribute to the advancement of liver disease treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Allu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University College of Engineering (UCE), Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India; (I.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Ajay Kumar Sahi
- School of Medicine, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Meghana Koppadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University College of Engineering (UCE), Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India; (I.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Shravanya Gundu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University College of Engineering (UCE), Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India; (I.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Alina Sionkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Jurija Gagarina 11, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, Nowy Świat 4, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
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Mir TA, Alzhrani A, Nakamura M, Iwanaga S, Wani SI, Altuhami A, Kazmi S, Arai K, Shamma T, Obeid DA, Assiri AM, Broering DC. Whole Liver Derived Acellular Extracellular Matrix for Bioengineering of Liver Constructs: An Updated Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1126. [PMID: 37892856 PMCID: PMC10604736 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial templates play a critical role in establishing and bioinstructing three-dimensional cellular growth, proliferation and spatial morphogenetic processes that culminate in the development of physiologically relevant in vitro liver models. Various natural and synthetic polymeric biomaterials are currently available to construct biomimetic cell culture environments to investigate hepatic cell-matrix interactions, drug response assessment, toxicity, and disease mechanisms. One specific class of natural biomaterials consists of the decellularized liver extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from xenogeneic or allogeneic sources, which is rich in bioconstituents essential for the ultrastructural stability, function, repair, and regeneration of tissues/organs. Considering the significance of the key design blueprints of organ-specific acellular substrates for physiologically active graft reconstruction, herein we showcased the latest updates in the field of liver decellularization-recellularization technologies. Overall, this review highlights the potential of acellular matrix as a promising biomaterial in light of recent advances in the preparation of liver-specific whole organ scaffolds. The review concludes with a discussion of the challenges and future prospects of liver-specific decellularized materials in the direction of translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Ahmed Mir
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
| | - Alaa Alzhrani
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Division of Biomedical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; (M.N.); (S.I.)
| | - Shintaroh Iwanaga
- Division of Biomedical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; (M.N.); (S.I.)
| | - Shadil Ibrahim Wani
- Division of Biomedical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; (M.N.); (S.I.)
| | - Abdullah Altuhami
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
| | - Shadab Kazmi
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Kenchi Arai
- Department of Clinical Biomaterial Applied Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Talal Shamma
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
| | - Dalia A. Obeid
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
| | - Abdullah M. Assiri
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dieter C. Broering
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (T.S.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Borges MF, Maurmann N, Pranke P. Easy-to-Assembly System for Decellularization and Recellularization of Liver Grafts in a Bioreactor. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:449. [PMID: 36838149 PMCID: PMC9962055 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Decellularization of organs creates an acellular scaffold, ideal for being repopulated by cells. In this work, a low-cost perfusion system was created to be used in the process of liver decellularization and as a bioreactor after recellularization. It consists of a glass chamber to house the organ coupled to a peristaltic pump to promote liquid flow through the organ vascular tree. The rats' liver decellularization was made with a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The recellularization was made with 108 mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and cultivated for seven days. The decellularized matrices showed an absence of DNA while preserving the collagen and glycosaminoglycans quantities, confirming the efficiency of the process. The functional analyses showed a rise in lactate dehydrogenase levels occurring in the first days of the cultivation, suggesting that there is cell death in this period, which stabilized on the seventh day. Histological analysis showed conservation of the collagen web and some groups of cells next to the vessels. It was possible to establish a system for decellularization and a bioreactor to use for the recellularization method. It is easy to assemble, can be ready to use in little time and be easily sterilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Felisberto Borges
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Natasha Maurmann
- Postgraduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil
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Campinoti S, Almeida B, Goudarzi N, Bencina S, Grundland Freile F, McQuitty C, Natarajan D, Cox IJ, Le Guennec A, Khati V, Gaudenzi G, Gramignoli R, Urbani L. Rat liver extracellular matrix and perfusion bioreactor culture promote human amnion epithelial cell differentiation towards hepatocyte-like cells. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231219813. [PMID: 38143931 PMCID: PMC10748678 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231219813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital and chronic liver diseases have a substantial health burden worldwide. The most effective treatment available for these patients is whole organ transplantation; however, due to the severely limited supply of donor livers and the side effects associated with the immunosuppressive regimen required to accept allograft, the mortality rate in patients with end-stage liver disease is annually rising. Stem cell-based therapy aims to provide alternative treatments by either cell transplantation or bioengineered construct transplantation. Human amnion epithelial cells (AEC) are a widely available, ethically neutral source of cells with the plasticity and potential of multipotent stem cells and immunomodulatory properties of perinatal cells. AEC have been proven to be able to achieve functional improvement towards hepatocyte-like cells, capable of rescuing animals with metabolic disorders; however, they showed limited metabolic activities in vitro. Decellularised extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have gained recognition as adjunct biological support. Decellularised scaffolds maintain native ECM components and the 3D architecture instrumental of the organ, necessary to support cells' maturation and function. We combined ECM-scaffold technology with primary human AEC, which we demonstrated being equipped with essential ECM-adhesion proteins, and evaluated the effects on AEC differentiation into functional hepatocyte-like cells (HLC). This novel approach included the use of a custom 4D bioreactor to provide constant oxygenation and media perfusion to cells in 3D cultures over time. We successfully generated HLC positive for hepatic markers such as ALB, CYP3A4 and CK18. AEC-derived HLC displayed early signs of hepatocyte phenotype, secreted albumin and urea, and expressed Phase-1 and -2 enzymes. The combination of liver-specific ECM and bioreactor provides a system able to aid differentiation into HLC, indicating that the innovative perfusion ECM-scaffold technology may support the functional improvement of multipotent and pluripotent stem cells, with important repercussions in the bioengineering of constructs for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Campinoti
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Almeida
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Negin Goudarzi
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Bencina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Fabio Grundland Freile
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Basic and Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Claire McQuitty
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Dipa Natarajan
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - I Jane Cox
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Adrien Le Guennec
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Vamakshi Khati
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Giulia Gaudenzi
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Luca Urbani
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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