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Bimonte VM, Catanzaro G, Spinello Z, Massari MC, Curreli M, Terrana G, Defeudis G, Halupczok-Żyła J, Mantovani G, Ferretti E, Migliaccio S. Hypocalcemia in combination with hyperphosphatemia impairs muscle cell differentiation in vitro. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:947-957. [PMID: 37819413 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by low or absent secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which leads to decreased calcium and increased phosphorus levels in the serum. The diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism is based on the identification of the aforementioned biochemical abnormalities, which may be accompanied by clinical manifestations. Symptoms of hypoparathyroidism, primarily attributed to hypocalcemia, include muscle cramps or spasms, facial, leg, and foot pain, seizures, and tingling in the lips or fingers. The treatment of hypoparathyroidism depends on the severity of symptoms and the underlying pathology. Over the long term, calcium supplements, active vitamin D analogs, and thiazide diuretics may be needed. In fact, in patient cohorts in which optimal disease control still remains elusive, replacement therapy with recombinant parathyroid hormone analogs may be contemplated. Despite the predominantly neuromuscular symptoms of hypoparathyroidism, further effects of parathyroid hormone deficiency at the muscle cell level remain poorly understood. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of hypocalcemia in combination with hyperphosphatemia on muscle cells differentiation in vitro. METHODS C2C12 cells, an in vitro model of muscle cells, were differentiated for 2 or 6 days in the presence of hypocalcemia (CaCl2 0.9 mmol/l) and moderate (PO4 1.4 mmol/l) or severe (PO4 2.9 mmol/l) hyperphosphatemia, or combinations of both conditions. Cell differentiation and expression of genes linked to muscle differentiation were evaluated. RESULTS The combination of hypocalcemia with hyperphosphatemia induced a significant reduction (50%) in differentiation marker levels, such as MyoD (protein 1 for myoblast determination) and myogenin on the 1st day of differentiation, and MHC (myosin heavy chains) after 6 days of differentiation compared to control. Furthermore, this condition induced a statistically significant reduction of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mRNA expression and inhibition of IGF signaling and decrease in ERK phosphorylation compared to control cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that a condition of hypocalcemia with hyperphosphatemia induced an alteration of muscle cell differentiation in vitro. In particular, we observed the reduction of myogenic differentiation markers, IGF-1 signaling pathway, and ERK phosphorylation in differentiated skeletal myoblasts. These data suggest that this altered extracellular condition might contribute to the mechanisms causing persistence of symptoms in patients affected by hypoparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, Largo Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - G Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University "Sapienza" of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Z Spinello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University "Sapienza" of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Massari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University "Sapienza" of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Curreli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, Largo Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - G Terrana
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University "Sapienza" of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - G Defeudis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, Largo Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - J Halupczok-Żyła
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50004, Wrocław, Poland
| | - G Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University "Sapienza" of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, Largo Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy.
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Xu K, Li J, Wen R, Chang B, Cheng Y, Yi X. Role of SIRT3 in bone homeostasis and its application in preventing and treating bone diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1248507. [PMID: 38192409 PMCID: PMC10773770 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1248507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis refers to the balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and the maintenance of stable bone mass. SIRT3 is a class of mitochondrial protein deacetylase that influences various mitochondrial functions and is involved in the mechanisms underlying resistance to aging; regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts; and development of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and other bone diseases. Moreover, exercise affects bones through SIRT3. Thus, studies on SIRT3 may provide insights for the treatment of bone diseases. Although SIRT3 can exert multiple effects on bone, the specific mechanism by which it regulates bone homeostasis remains unclear. By evaluating the relevant literature, this review discusses the structure and function of SIRT3, reveals the role and associated mechanisms of SIRT3 in regulating bone homeostasis and mediating bone health during exercise, and highlights the potential pharmacological value of SIRT3 in treating bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruiming Wen
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Chang
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuejie Yi
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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