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Tian J, Moon JS, Nga HT, Lee HY, Nguyen TL, Jang HJ, Setoyama D, Shong M, Lee JH, Yi HS. Brown fat-specific mitoribosomal function is crucial for preventing cold exposure-induced bone loss. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:314. [PMID: 39066814 PMCID: PMC11335241 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the interplay between ambient temperature, brown adipose tissue (BAT) function, and bone metabolism, emphasizing the effects of cold exposure and BAT mitochondrial activity on bone health. Utilizing ovariectomized (OVX) mice to model primary osteoporosis and BAT-specific mitochondrial dysfunction (BKO) mice, we evaluated the impact of housing temperature on bone density, immune modulation in bone marrow, and the protective role of BAT against bone loss. Cold exposure was found to universally reduce bone mass, enhance osteoclastogenesis, and alter bone marrow T-cell populations, implicating the immune system in bone remodeling under cold stress. The thermogenic function of BAT, driven by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, was crucial in protecting against bone loss. Impaired BAT function, through surgical removal or mitochondrial dysfunction, exacerbated bone loss in cold environments, highlighting BAT's metabolic role in maintaining bone health. Furthermore, cold-induced changes in BAT function led to systemic metabolic shifts, including elevated long-chain fatty acids, which influenced osteoclast differentiation and activity. These findings suggest a systemic mechanism connecting environmental temperature and BAT metabolism with bone physiology, providing new insights into the metabolic and environmental determinants of bone health. Future research could lead to novel bone disease therapies targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Linh Nguyen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Ju Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Minho Shong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Hasanah U, Rejeki PS, Wungu CDK, Pranoto A, Izzatunnisa N, Rahmanto I, Halim S. High-intensity combination exercise has the highest effect on increasing serum irisin and interleukin 6 levels in women with obesity. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 35:71-78. [PMID: 38482824 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, environmental conditions, and genetics are factors that cause obesity. Lifestyle modification with a nonpharmacological approach based on physical exercise is the starting point in overcoming obesity. However, physical exercise with the appropriate and effective intensity for obese subjects is still debated. Therefore, this study aims to prove the effect of intensity differences with aerobic-resistance combination exercise on increasing irisin and IL-6 levels in obese women. METHODS A total of 32 obese women were selected as subjects and administered the interventions of low-intensity combination exercise (Q2), moderate-intensity combination exercise (Q3), and high-intensity combination exercise (Q4). ELISA was used to measure irisin and IL-6 levels in all samples. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and Turkey's-Honest Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. RESULTS The mean Δ IL-6 levels in the control groups (Q1), Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.27 ± 2.54, 2.07 ± 2.55, 5.99 ± 6.25, and 7.98 ± 2.82 pg/mL with (p=0.015). The mean Δ irisin levels were 0.06 ± 0.81 ng/mL in Q1, 0.59 ± 0.67 ng/mL in Q2, 1.99 ± 1.65 ng/mL in Q3, 4.63 ± 3.57 ng/mL in Q4 with (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study proved that all three types of combined exercise intensity increased myokine levels, such as irisin and IL-6. However, high-intensity combination exercise provided the most optimal improvement in myokine levels in obese women. Future studies are needed to design long-term exercise programs specifically for obese adolescent women using the findings from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswatun Hasanah
- Sports Health Science, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Purwo Sri Rejeki
- Department of Physiology, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Adi Pranoto
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Nabilah Izzatunnisa
- Medical Program, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Ilham Rahmanto
- Medical Program, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Shariff Halim
- Clinical Research Centre, 54703 Management and Science University , Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Miles TK, Odle AK, Byrum SD, Lagasse A, Haney A, Ortega VG, Bolen CR, Banik J, Reddick MM, Herdman A, MacNicol MC, MacNicol AM, Childs GV. Anterior Pituitary Transcriptomics Following a High-Fat Diet: Impact of Oxidative Stress on Cell Metabolism. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad191. [PMID: 38103263 PMCID: PMC10771268 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Anterior pituitary cell function requires a high level of protein synthesis and secretion which depend heavily on mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate production and functional endoplasmic reticula. Obesity adds stress to tissues, requiring them to adapt to inflammation and oxidative stress, and adding to their allostatic load. We hypothesized that pituitary function is vulnerable to the stress of obesity. Here, we utilized a 10- to 15-week high-fat diet (HFD, 60%) in a thermoneutral environment to promote obesity, testing both male and female FVB.129P mice. We quantified serum hormones and cytokines, characterized the metabolic phenotype, and defined changes in the pituitary transcriptome using single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Weight gain was significant by 3 weeks in HFD mice, and by 10 weeks all HFD groups had gained 20 g. HFD females (15 weeks) had increased energy expenditure and decreased activity. All HFD groups showed increases in serum leptin and decreases in adiponectin. HFD caused increased inflammatory markers: interleukin-6, resistin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factorα. HFD males and females also had increased insulin and increased TSH, and HFD females had decreased serum prolactin and growth hormone pulse amplitude. Pituitary single-cell transcriptomics revealed modest or no changes in pituitary cell gene expression from HFD males after 10 or 15 weeks or from HFD females after 10 weeks. However, HFD females (15 weeks) showed significant numbers of differentially expressed genes in lactotropes and pituitary stem cells. Collectively, these studies reveal that pituitary cells from males appear to be more resilient to the oxidative stress of obesity than females and identify the most vulnerable pituitary cell populations in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany K Miles
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Angela K Odle
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Biomedical informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Alex Lagasse
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Anessa Haney
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Victoria G Ortega
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Cole R Bolen
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jewel Banik
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Milla M Reddick
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Ashley Herdman
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Melanie C MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Angus M MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Gwen V Childs
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Wayland JL, Doll JR, Lawson MJ, Stankiewicz TE, Oates JR, Sawada K, Damen MSMA, Alarcon PC, Haslam DB, Trout AT, DeFranco EA, Klepper CM, Woo JG, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Mouzaki M, Divanovic S. Thermoneutral Housing Enables Studies of Vertical Transmission of Obesogenic Diet-Driven Metabolic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4958. [PMID: 38068816 PMCID: PMC10708424 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical transmission of obesity is a critical contributor to the unabated obesity pandemic and the associated surge in metabolic diseases. Existing experimental models insufficiently recapitulate "human-like" obesity phenotypes, limiting the discovery of how severe obesity in pregnancy instructs vertical transmission of obesity. Here, via utility of thermoneutral housing and obesogenic diet feeding coupled to syngeneic mating of WT obese female and lean male mice on a C57BL/6 background, we present a tractable, more "human-like" approach to specifically investigate how maternal obesity contributes to offspring health. Using this model, we found that maternal obesity decreased neonatal survival, increased offspring adiposity, and accelerated offspring predisposition to obesity and metabolic disease. We also show that severe maternal obesity was sufficient to skew offspring microbiome and create a proinflammatory gestational environment that correlated with inflammatory changes in the offspring in utero and adulthood. Analysis of a human birth cohort study of mothers with and without obesity and their infants was consistent with mouse study findings of maternal inflammation and offspring weight gain propensity. Together, our results show that dietary induction of obesity in female mice coupled to thermoneutral housing can be used for future mechanistic interrogations of obesity and metabolic disease in pregnancy and vertical transmission of pathogenic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Wayland
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jessica R. Doll
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Matthew J. Lawson
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Traci E. Stankiewicz
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jarren R. Oates
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Keisuke Sawada
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michelle S. M. A. Damen
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Pablo C. Alarcon
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - David B. Haslam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Andrew T. Trout
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Emily A. DeFranco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Corie M. Klepper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jessica G. Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Maria E. Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Marialena Mouzaki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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