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Wu W, Li WX, Huang CH. Phospholipase A 2, a nonnegligible enzyme superfamily in gastrointestinal diseases. Biochimie 2021; 194:79-95. [PMID: 34974145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract is important for digestion, absorption, detoxification and immunity. Gastrointestinal diseases are mainly caused by the imbalance of protective and attacking factors in gastrointestinal mucosa, which can seriously harm human health. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a large family closely involved in lipid metabolism and is found in almost all human cells. A growing number of studies have revealed that its metabolites are deeply implicated in various inflammatory pathways and also regulates the maintenance of numerous biological events such as dietary digestion, membrane remodeling, barrier action, and host immunity. In addition to their phospholipase activity, some members of the superfamily also have other catalytic activities. Based on the in-depth effects of phospholipase A2 on bioactive lipid metabolism and inflammatory cytokines, PLA2 and its metabolites are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis, development or prevention of gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, this review will focus on the physiological and pathogenic roles of several important PLA2 enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, and reveals the potential of PLA2 as a therapeutic target for gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Li
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chun-Hong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, 330006, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Wang H, Luo Q, Zhao Y, Nan X, Zhang F, Wang Y, Wang Y, Hua D, Zheng S, Jiang L, Yang L, Xiong B. Electrochemical device based on nonspecific DNAzyme for the high-accuracy determination of Ca 2+ with Pb 2+ interference. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 140:107732. [PMID: 33465700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is one of the most abundant and indispensable elements in biology, as it is a vital component of nerves, bones, and muscles and maintains the excitability of normal neuromuscular muscles. However, it may be harmful to the human body and even damage the organs if the calcium content exceeds the standard value by several times. To evaluate the level of calcium ions (Ca2+), an electrochemical biosensor (FET/SWNTs/Cazyme) was developed using a nonspecific DNAzyme with high stability, which combined the unique advantage of field-effect transistors and single-walled carbon nanotubes, while being easy-to-use and having excellent sensitivity. The incubation time and voltage after optimization were 15 min and +0.02 V. The nonspecific DNAzyme-based biosensor was sensitive to Ca2+, but it was also interfered with by Pb2+, which affected the detection accuracy. To solve this shortcoming, an electrochemical device was proposed, in which FET/SWNTs/Cazyme combined with other specific biosensors for Pb2+, and then established some data processing models were established through support vector machine regression (SVMR) and artificial neural network fitting (ANNF). For the optimal SVMR, the electrochemical device can determine the Ca2+ concentration in the range of 7.5-1000 μM with a detection limit of 5.48 μM. Finally, the prepared electrochemical device was employed to detect the Ca2+ in different milk and water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Qingyao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xuemei Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Dengke Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Nutrition, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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