1
|
Varshavskaya KB, Petrushanko IY, Mitkevich VA, Barykin EP, Makarov AA. Post-translational modifications of beta-amyloid alter its transport in the blood-brain barrier in vitro model. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1362581. [PMID: 38516041 PMCID: PMC10954796 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1362581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the accumulation of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) leading to formation of soluble neurotoxic Aβ oligomers and insoluble amyloid plaques in various parts of the brain. Aβ undergoes post-translational modifications that alter its pathogenic properties. Aβ is produced not only in brain, but also in the peripheral tissues. Such Aβ, including its post-translationally modified forms, can enter the brain from circulation by binding to RAGE and contribute to the pathology of AD. However, the transport of modified forms of Aβ across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has not been investigated. Here, we used a transwell BBB model as a controlled environment for permeability studies. We found that Aβ42 containing isomerized Asp7 residue (iso-Aβ42) and Aβ42 containing phosphorylated Ser8 residue (pS8-Aβ42) crossed the BBB better than unmodified Aβ42, which correlated with different contribution of endocytosis mechanisms to the transport of these isoforms. Using microscale thermophoresis, we observed that RAGE binds to iso-Aβ42 an order of magnitude weaker than to Aβ42. Thus, post-translational modifications of Aβ increase the rate of its transport across the BBB and modify the mechanisms of the transport, which may be important for AD pathology and treatment.
Collapse
|
2
|
Tolstova AP, Makarov AA, Adzhubei AA. Structure Comparison of Beta Amyloid Peptide Aβ 1-42 Isoforms. Molecular Dynamics Modeling. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:918-932. [PMID: 38241093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Beta amyloid peptide Aβ 1-42 (Aβ42) has a unique dual role in the human organism, as both the peptide with an important physiological function and one of the most toxic biological compounds provoking Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are several known Aβ42 isoforms that we discuss here that are highly neurotoxic and lead to the early onset of AD. Aβ42 is an intrinsically disordered protein with no experimentally solved structure under physiological conditions. The objective of this research was to establish the appropriate molecular dynamics (MD) methodology and model a uniform set of structures for the Aβ42 isoforms that form the core of this study. For that purpose, force field selection and verification including convergence testing for MD simulations was made. Replica exchange MD and conventional MD modeling of several Aβ42 and Aβ16 isoforms that have neurotoxic and amyloidogenic effects impacting the severity of Alzheimer's disease were carried out with the optimal force field and solvent parameters. A standardized ensemble of structures for the Aβ42 and Aβ16 isoforms covering 30-50% of the conformational ensembles extracted from the free energy minima was calculated from MD trajectories. The resulting data set of modeled structures includes Aβ42 wild type, isoD7, pS8, D7H, and H6R-Aβ42 and Aβ16 wild type, isoD7, pS8, D7H, and H6R-Aβ16. The representative structures are given in the Supporting Information; they are open for public access. In the study, we also evaluated the differences between the structures of Aβ42 isoforms and speculate on their possible relevance to the known functions. Utilizing several representative structures for a single disordered protein for docking, with their subsequent averaging by conformations, would markedly increase the reliability of docking results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Tolstova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander A Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexei A Adzhubei
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington 20052, D.C., United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Petrushanko IY, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA. Effect of β-amyloid on blood-brain barrier properties and function. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:183-197. [PMID: 37124923 PMCID: PMC10133432 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates in the brain, accompanied by impaired cognitive function, is a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An important role in this process is played by vascular disorders, in particular, a disturbance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB controls the entry of Aβ from plasma to the brain via the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the removal of brain-derived Aβ via the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1). The balance between the input of Aβ to the brain from the periphery and its output is disturbed during AD. Aβ changes the redox-status of BBB cells, which in turn changes the functioning of mitochondria and disrupts the barrier function of endothelial cells by affecting tight junction proteins. Aβ oligomers have the greatest toxic effect on BBB cells, and oligomers are most rapidly transferred by transcytosis from the brain side of the BBB to the blood side. Both the cytotoxic effect of Aβ and the impairment of barrier function are partly due to the interaction of Aβ monomers and oligomers with membrane-bound RAGE. AD therapies based on the disruption of this interaction or the creation of decoys for Aβ are being developed. The question of the transfer of various Aβ isoforms through the BBB is important, since it can influence the development of AD. It is shown that the rate of input of Aβ40 and Aβ42 from the blood into the brain is different. The actual question of the transfer of pathogenic Aβ isoforms with post-translational modifications or mutations through the BBB still remains open.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Yu. Petrushanko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Mitkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Petrovskaya AV, Tverskoi AM, Barykin EP, Varshavskaya KB, Dalina AA, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA, Petrushanko IY. Distinct Effects of Beta-Amyloid, Its Isomerized and Phosphorylated Forms on the Redox Status and Mitochondrial Functioning of the Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelium. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010183. [PMID: 36613623 PMCID: PMC9820675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) promotes the accumulation of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the brain as the BBB cells provide Aβ transport from the brain parenchyma to the blood, and vice versa. The breakdown of the BBB during AD may be caused by the emergence of blood-borne Aβ pathogenic forms, such as structurally and chemically modified Aβ species; their effect on the BBB cells has not yet been studied. Here, we report that the effects of Aβ42, Aβ42, containing isomerized Asp7 residue (iso-Aβ42) or phosphorylated Ser8 residue (p-Aβ42) on the mitochondrial potential and respiration are closely related to the redox status changes in the mouse brain endothelial cells bEnd.3. Aβ42 and iso-Aβ42 cause a significant increase in nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, cytosolic calcium and the mitochondrial potential after 4 h of incubation. P-Aβ42 either does not affect or its effect develops after 24 h of incubation. Aβ42 and iso-Aβ42 activate mitochondrial respiration compared to p-Aβ42. The isomerized form promotes a greater cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction, causing maximum oxidative stress. Thus, Aβ42, p-Aβ42 and iso-Aβ42 isoforms differently affect the BBBs' cell redox parameters, significantly modulating the functioning of the mitochondria. The changes in the level of modified Aβ forms can contribute to the BBBs' breakdown during AD.
Collapse
|
5
|
Varshavskaya KB, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA, Barykin EP. Synthetic, Cell-Derived, Brain-Derived, and Recombinant β-Amyloid: Modelling Alzheimer's Disease for Research and Drug Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15036. [PMID: 36499362 PMCID: PMC9738609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, characterised by the accumulation of senile plaques and tau tangles, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation in the brain. The development of AD is a pathological cascade starting according to the amyloid hypothesis with the accumulation and aggregation of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), which induces hyperphosphorylation of tau and promotes the pro-inflammatory activation of microglia leading to synaptic loss and, ultimately, neuronal death. Modelling AD-related processes is important for both studying the molecular basis of the disease and the development of novel therapeutics. The replication of these processes is often achieved with the use of a purified Aβ peptide. However, Aβ preparations obtained from different sources can have strikingly different properties. This review aims to compare the structure and biological effects of Aβ oligomers and aggregates of a higher order: synthetic, recombinant, purified from cell culture, or extracted from brain tissue. The authors summarise the applicability of Aβ preparations for modelling Aβ aggregation, neurotoxicity, cytoskeleton damage, receptor toxicity in vitro and cerebral amyloidosis, synaptic plasticity disruption, and cognitive impairment in vivo and ex vivo. Further, the paper discusses the causes of the reported differences in the effect of Aβ obtained from the sources mentioned above. This review points to the importance of the source of Aβ for AD modelling and could help researchers to choose the optimal way to model the Aβ-induced abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander A. Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilov St. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Z, Liu Y, Zhao X, Zhang H, Feng T, Pang J, Li H. Correlation between Aβ 1-42, Dnmt3a2, urinary AD7c-NTP and cognitive dysfunction in first-episode and recurrent MDD: A case-control study. Indian J Psychiatry 2022; 64:560-566. [PMID: 36714669 PMCID: PMC9881713 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_111_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses worldwide and involves cognitive dysfunction that may negatively impact clinical and social outcomes. Previous studies have suggested that beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ1-42), DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt3a2), and urinary Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) are associated with cognitive impairment. However, there are no relevant studies in MDD. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum Aβ1-42, Dnmt3a2, and urinary AD7c-NTP and cognitive dysfunction in MDD. Materials and Methods A total of 59 eligible patients were included in the study, including 29 patients with first-episode MDD (FEDs) and 30 patients with recurrent MDD (RMDDs), and 30 matched healthy controls (HCs) were selected. Participants' cognitive functioning was evaluated using the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure the concentrations of the three proteins. Statistical analysis was completed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0. The statistical significance was set as P < 0.05. Results Serum Dnmt3a2 and urinary AD7c-NTP showed significant differences among the three groups (both P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in Aβ1-42 levels. Upon examining the results of cognitive testing, we found that serum Aβ1-42 was negatively associated with working memory scores in RMDDs (P = 0.020), but Dnmt3a2 was positively associated with working memory and verbal learning scores in the same cohort (P = 0.012 and P = 0.037, respectively). In contrast, urinary AD7c-NTP was negatively correlated with verbal learning scores in FEDs (P = 0.013). Conclusions Serum Dnmt3a2 and Aβ1-42 levels may be associated with cognitive impairment in RMDDs and may act as potential biomarkers of cognitive impairment. Although urinary AD7c-NTP was closely related to cognitive dysfunction in FEDs, this relationship did not hold in RMDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianyue Pang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hengfen Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Busch L, Eggert S, Endres K, Bufe B. The Hidden Role of Non-Canonical Amyloid β Isoforms in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2022; 11:3421. [PMID: 36359817 PMCID: PMC9654995 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have placed the pro-inflammatory activity of amyloid β (Aβ) on microglia cells as the focus of research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Researchers are confronted with an astonishing spectrum of over 100 different Aβ variants with variable length and chemical modifications. With the exception of Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40, the biological significance of most peptides for AD is as yet insufficiently understood. We therefore aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the contributions of these neglected Aβ variants to microglia activation. First, the impact of Aβ receptors, signaling cascades, scavenger mechanisms, and genetic variations on the physiological responses towards various Aβ species is described. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of different types of amyloid precursor protein processing for the generation of these Aβ variants in microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons, and highlight how alterations in secondary structures and oligomerization affect Aβ neurotoxicity. In sum, the data indicate that gene polymorphisms in Aβ-driven signaling pathways in combination with the production and activity of different Aβ variants might be crucial factors for the initiation and progression of different forms of AD. A deeper assessment of their interplay with glial cells may pave the way towards novel therapeutic strategies for individualized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Busch
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, D-66482 Zweibruecken, Germany
| | - Simone Eggert
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Bufe
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, D-66482 Zweibruecken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Adzhubei AA, Tolstova AP, Strelkova MA, Mitkevich VA, Petrushanko IY, Makarov AA. Interaction Interface of Aβ 42 with Human Na,K-ATPase Studied by MD and ITC and Inhibitor Screening by MD. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071663. [PMID: 35884966 PMCID: PMC9313104 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease accompanied by progressive cognitive and memory dysfunction due to disruption of normal electrotonic properties of neurons and neuronal loss. The Na,K-ATPase interaction with beta amyloid (Aβ) plays an important role in AD pathogenesis. It has been shown that Na,K-ATPase activity in the AD brain was significantly lower than those in age-matched control brain. The interaction of Aβ42 with Na,K-ATPase and subsequent oligomerization leads to inhibition of the enzyme activity. In this study interaction interfaces between three common Aβ42 isoforms, and different conformations of human Na,K-ATPase (α1β1) have been obtained using molecular modeling, including docking and molecular dynamics (MD). Interaction sites of Na,K-ATPase with Aβ42 are localized between extracellular parts of α- and β- subunits and are practically identical for Na,K-ATPase at different conformations. Thermodynamic parameters for the formation of Na,K-ATPase:Aβ42 complex at different conformations acquired by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) are similar, which is in line with the data of molecular modeling. Similarity of Na,K-ATPase interaction interfaces with Aβ in all conformations allowed us to cross-screen potential inhibitors for this interaction and find pharmaceutical compounds that could block it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna P. Tolstova
- Correspondence: (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.); Tel.: +7-499-135-4095 (A.A.M.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Filadi R, Pizzo P. Key Signalling Molecules in Aging and Neurodegeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050834. [PMID: 35269456 PMCID: PMC8909535 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mitkevich VA, Barykin EP, Eremina S, Pani B, Katkova-Zhukotskaya O, Polshakov VI, Adzhubei AA, Kozin SA, Mironov AS, Makarov AA, Nudler E. Zn-dependent β-amyloid Aggregation and its Reversal by the Tetrapeptide HAEE. Aging Dis 2022; 14:309-318. [PMID: 37008059 PMCID: PMC10017155 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with the formation of cerebral amyloid plaques, the main components of which are the modified Aβ molecules as well as the metal ions. Aβ isomerized at Asp7 residue (isoD7-Aβ) is the most abundant isoform in amyloid plaques. We hypothesized that the pathogenic effect of isoD7-Aβ is due to the formation of zinc-dependent oligomers, and that this interaction can be disrupted by the rationally designed tetrapeptide (HAEE). Here, we utilized surface plasmon resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance, and molecular dynamics simulation to demonstrate Zn2+-dependent oligomerization of isoD7-Aβ and the formation of a stable isoD7-Aβ:Zn2+:HAEE complex incapable of forming oligomers. To demonstrate the physiological importance of zinc-dependent isoD7-Aβ oligomerization and the ability of HAEE to interfere with this process at the organismal level, we employed transgenic nematodes overexpressing human Aβ. We show that the presence of isoD7-Aβ in the medium triggers extensive amyloidosis that occurs in a Zn2+-dependent manner, enhances paralysis, and shortens the animals' lifespan. Exogenous HAEE completely reverses these pathological effects of isoD7-Aβ. We conclude that the synergistic action of isoD7-Aβ and Zn2+ promotes Aβ aggregation and that the selected small molecules capable of interrupting this process, such as HAEE, can potentially serve as anti-amyloid therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Mitkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Evgeny P Barykin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Svetlana Eremina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Bibhusita Pani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
| | | | - Vladimir I Polshakov
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexei A Adzhubei
- Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Sergey A Kozin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander S Mironov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Evgeny Nudler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Evgeny Nudler, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. .
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Dynamics of β-Amyloid Proteoforms Accumulation in the Brain of a 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010027. [PMID: 35008451 PMCID: PMC8745018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among the elderly. Neuropathologically, AD is characterized by the deposition of a 39- to 42-amino acid long β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in the form of senile plaques. Several post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the N-terminal domain have been shown to increase the aggregation and cytotoxicity of Aβ, and specific Aβ proteoforms (e.g., Aβ with isomerized D7 (isoD7-Aβ)) are abundant in the senile plaques of AD patients. Animal models are indispensable tools for the study of disease pathogenesis, as well as preclinical testing. In the presented work, the accumulation dynamics of Aβ proteoforms in the brain of one of the most widely used amyloid-based mouse models (the 5xFAD line) was monitored. Mass spectrometry (MS) approaches, based on ion mobility separation and the characteristic fragment ion formation, were applied. The results indicated a gradual increase in the Aβ fraction of isoD7-Aβ, starting from approximately 8% at 7 months to approximately 30% by 23 months of age. Other specific PTMs, in particular, pyroglutamylation, deamidation, and oxidation, as well as phosphorylation, were also monitored. The results for mice of different ages demonstrated that the accumulation of Aβ proteoforms correlate with the formation of Aβ deposits. Although the mouse model cannot be a complete analogue of the processes occurring in the human brain in AD, and several of the observed parameters differ significantly from human values supposedly due to the limited lifespan of the model animals, this dynamic study provides evidence on at least one of the possible mechanisms that can trigger amyloidosis in AD, i.e., the hypothesis on the relationship between the accumulation of isoD7-Aβ and the progression of AD-like pathology.
Collapse
|
12
|
Biophysical Reviews' "Meet the Councilor"-a profile of Anastasia A. Anashkina. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:817-820. [PMID: 34786027 PMCID: PMC8587497 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the twelve Councilors of the International Union of Pure and Applied Biophysics elected in summer 2021, I have been asked to provide this short biographical sketch for the journal readers. I am a new member of the IUPAB Council. I hold a specialist degree in Applied Physics and Mathematics from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and PhD in Biophysics from Moscow State University. I have spent my entire professional career at Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, where I am currently a senior researcher. I am Associate Professor at the Digital Health Institute of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University since 2018, and have trained undergraduate students in structural biology, biophysics, and bioinformatics. In addition, I serve as the Guest Editor of special journal issues of International Journal of Molecular Sciences and Frontiers in Genetics BMC genomics. Now I joined Biophysical Reviews Editorial Board as IUPAB Councilor. I am a Secretary of National Committee of Russian Biophysicists, and have helped to organize scientific conferences and workshops, such as the VI Congress of Russian Biophysicists.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zolotarev YA, Mitkevich VA, Shram SI, Adzhubei AA, Tolstova AP, Talibov OB, Dadayan AK, Myasoyedov NF, Makarov AA, Kozin SA. Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Modeling Indicate nAChRα4-Derived Peptide HAEE Goes through the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060909. [PMID: 34207317 PMCID: PMC8234734 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on the use of pharmacological agents capable of binding to beta-amyloid (Aβ) and blocking its aggregation in the brain. Previously, we found that intravenous administration of the synthetic tetrapeptide Acetyl-His-Ala-Glu-Glu-Amide (HAEE), which is an analogue of the 35-38 region of the α4 subunit of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and specifically binds to the 11-14 site of Aβ, reduced the development of cerebral amyloidogenesis in a mouse model of AD. In the current study on three types of laboratory animals, we determined the biodistribution and tissue localization patterns of HAEE peptide after single intravenous bolus administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters of HAEE were established using uniformly tritium-labeled HAEE. Pharmacokinetic data provided evidence that HAEE goes through the blood-brain barrier. Based on molecular modeling, a role of LRP1 in receptor-mediated transcytosis of HAEE was proposed. Altogether, the results obtained indicate that the anti-amyloid effect of HAEE, previously found in a mouse model of AD, most likely occurs due to its interaction with Aβ species directly in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurii A. Zolotarev
- Laboratory of Protein Conformational Polymorphism in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.Z.); (V.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.)
- Department of Physiologically Active Substances Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (S.I.S.); (A.K.D.); (N.F.M.)
| | - Vladimir A. Mitkevich
- Laboratory of Protein Conformational Polymorphism in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.Z.); (V.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Stanislav I. Shram
- Department of Physiologically Active Substances Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (S.I.S.); (A.K.D.); (N.F.M.)
| | - Alexei A. Adzhubei
- Laboratory of Protein Conformational Polymorphism in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.Z.); (V.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Anna P. Tolstova
- Laboratory of Protein Conformational Polymorphism in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.Z.); (V.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Oleg B. Talibov
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Common Medicine, Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander K. Dadayan
- Department of Physiologically Active Substances Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (S.I.S.); (A.K.D.); (N.F.M.)
| | - Nikolai F. Myasoyedov
- Department of Physiologically Active Substances Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (S.I.S.); (A.K.D.); (N.F.M.)
| | - Alexander A. Makarov
- Laboratory of Protein Conformational Polymorphism in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.Z.); (V.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Sergey A. Kozin
- Laboratory of Protein Conformational Polymorphism in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.Z.); (V.A.M.); (A.A.A.); (A.P.T.); (A.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-135-98-24
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Piovesana R, Salazar Intriago MS, Dini L, Tata AM. Cholinergic Modulation of Neuroinflammation: Focus on α7 Nicotinic Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094912. [PMID: 34066354 PMCID: PMC8125157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
All nervous system pathologies (e.g., neurodegenerative/demyelinating diseases and brain tumours) develop neuroinflammation, a beneficial process during pathological events, aimed at removing damaged cells, toxic agents, and/or pathogens. Unfortunately, excessive inflammation frequently occurs during nervous system disorders, becoming a detrimental event capable of enhancing neurons and myelinating glial cell impairment, rather than improving their survival and activity. Consequently, targeting the neuroinflammation could be relevant for reducing brain injury and rescuing neuronal and glial cell functions. Several studies have highlighted the role of acetylcholine and its receptors in the regulation of central and peripheral inflammation. In particular, α7 nicotinic receptor has been described as one of the main regulators of the “brain cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway”. Its expression in astrocytes and microglial cells and the ability to modulate anti-inflammatory cytokines make this receptor a new interesting therapeutic target for neuroinflammation regulation. In this review, we summarize the distribution and physiological functions of the α7 nicotinic receptor in glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) and its role in the modulation of neuroinflammation. Moreover, we explore how its altered expression and function contribute to the development of different neurological pathologies and exacerbate neuroinflammatory processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Piovesana
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | | | - Luciana Dini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.S.S.I.); (L.D.)
| | - Ada Maria Tata
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.S.S.I.); (L.D.)
- Research Centre of Neurobiology “Daniel Bovet”, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-4991-2822
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Y, Tang H, Andrikopoulos N, Javed I, Cecchetto L, Nandakumar A, Kakinen A, Davis TP, Ding F, Ke PC. The membrane axis of Alzheimer's nanomedicine. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2000040. [PMID: 33748816 PMCID: PMC7971452 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurological disorder impairing its carrier's cognitive function, memory and lifespan. While the development of AD nanomedicine is still nascent, the field is evolving into a new scientific frontier driven by the diverse physicochemical properties and theranostic potential of nanomaterials and nanocomposites. Characteristic to the AD pathology is the deposition of amyloid plaques and tangles of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau, whose aggregation kinetics may be curbed by nanoparticle inhibitors via sequence-specific targeting or nonspecific interactions with the amyloidogenic proteins. As literature implicates cell membrane as a culprit in AD pathogenesis, here we summarize the membrane axis of AD nanomedicine and present a new rationale that the field development may greatly benefit from harnessing our existing knowledge of Aβ-membrane interaction, nanoparticle-membrane interaction and Aβ-nanoparticle interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Li
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Huayuan Tang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Nicholas Andrikopoulos
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Javed
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Luca Cecchetto
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aparna Nandakumar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Aleksandr Kakinen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Amyloid Beta Peptide (Aβ 1-42) Reverses the Cholinergic Control of Monocytic IL-1β Release. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092887. [PMID: 32906646 PMCID: PMC7564705 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ1-42), the cleavage product of the evolutionary highly conserved amyloid precursor protein, presumably plays a pathogenic role in Alzheimer's disease. Aβ1-42 can induce the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine intereukin-1β (IL-1β) in immune cells within and out of the nervous system. Known interaction partners of Aβ1-42 are α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The physiological functions of Aβ1-42 are, however, not fully understood. Recently, we identified a cholinergic mechanism that controls monocytic release of IL-1β by canonical and non-canonical agonists of nAChRs containing subunits α7, α9, and/or α10. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Aβ1-42 modulates this inhibitory cholinergic mechanism. Lipopolysaccharide-primed monocytic U937 cells and human mononuclear leukocytes were stimulated with the P2X7 receptor agonist 2'(3')-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt (BzATP) in the presence or absence of nAChR agonists and Aβ1-42. IL-1β concentrations were measured in the supernatant. Aβ1-42 dose-dependently (IC50 = 2.54 µM) reversed the inhibitory effect of canonical and non-canonical nicotinic agonists on BzATP-mediated IL-1β-release by monocytic cells, whereas reverse Aβ42-1 was ineffective. In conclusion, we discovered a novel pro-inflammatory Aβ1-42 function that enables monocytic IL-1β release in the presence of nAChR agonists. These findings provide evidence for a novel physiological function of Aβ1-42 in the context of sterile systemic inflammation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tetrapeptide Ac-HAEE-NH 2 Protects α4β2 nAChR from Inhibition by Aβ. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176272. [PMID: 32872553 PMCID: PMC7504039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic deficit in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may arise from selective loss of cholinergic neurons caused by the binding of Aβ peptide to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Thus, compounds preventing such an interaction are needed to address the cholinergic dysfunction. Recent findings suggest that the 11EVHH14 site in Aβ peptide mediates its interaction with α4β2 nAChR. This site contains several charged amino acid residues, hence we hypothesized that the formation of Aβ-α4β2 nAChR complex is based on the interaction of 11EVHH14 with its charge-complementary counterpart in α4β2 nAChR. Indeed, we discovered a 35HAEE38 site in α4β2 nAChR, which is charge-complementary to 11EVHH14, and molecular modeling showed that a stable Aβ42-α4β2 nAChR complex could be formed via the 11EVHH14:35HAEE38 interface. Using surface plasmon resonance and bioinformatics approaches, we further showed that a corresponding tetrapeptide Ac-HAEE-NH2 can bind to Aβ via 11EVHH14 site. Finally, using two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus laevis oocytes, we showed that Ac-HAEE-NH2 tetrapeptide completely abolishes the Aβ42-induced inhibition of α4β2 nAChR. Thus, we suggest that 35HAEE38 is a potential binding site for Aβ on α4β2 nAChR and Ac-HAEE-NH2 tetrapeptide corresponding to this site is a potential therapeutic for the treatment of α4β2 nAChR-dependent cholinergic dysfunction in AD.
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu ZW, Au DF, Cruceta L, Vugmeyster L, Qiang W. N-Terminal Modified Aβ Variants Enable Modulations to the Structures and Cytotoxicity Levels of Wild-Type Aβ Fibrils through Cross-Seeding. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2058-2065. [PMID: 32603584 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides are considered as triggering factors in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. However, studies to show the influence of pre-existing PTM-Aβ fibrils on wild-type Aβ peptides, which directly mimic the triggering scenarios, are rare. Here we show that three types of pathologically relevant PTM-Aβ variants with modifications in a particular segment (from D7 to V12) of the primary sequence lead to distinct impacts on the fibrillization of wild-type Aβ peptides. In general, the triggering effects are observed through cross-seeding between the PTM-Aβ seeds and wild-type peptides, which consequently induce modulations in the resultant wild-type fibril structures and elevations in the fibrillar cytotoxicity levels. Modifications with a similar chemical nature, such as the S8-phosphorylation and Y10-nitration, both of which introduce additional side-chain negative charges, show comparable structural-modulation and cytotoxicity-elevation effects. The results imply the biological influences of PTM-Aβ variants on the formation of amyloid deposits through cross-seeded fibrillization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Dan Fai Au
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Letticia Cruceta
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Liliya Vugmeyster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Wei Qiang
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang YR, Liu RT. The Toxicity and Polymorphism of β-Amyloid Oligomers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4477. [PMID: 32599696 PMCID: PMC7352971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that β-amyloid oligomers (Aβos) play a key role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by inducing neuron damage and cognitive impairment, but Aβos are highly heterogeneous in their size, structure and cytotoxicity, making the corresponding studies tough to carry out. Nevertheless, a number of studies have recently made remarkable progress in the describing the characteristics and pathogenicity of Aβos. We here review the mechanisms by which Aβos exert their neuropathogenesis for AD progression, including receptor binding, cell membrane destruction, mitochondrial damage, Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation and tau pathological induction. We also summarize the characteristics and pathogenicity such as the size, morphology and cytotoxicity of dimers, trimers, Aβ*56 and spherical oligomers, and suggest that Aβos may play a different role at different phases of AD pathogenesis, resulting in differential consequences on neuronal synaptotoxicity and survival. It is warranted to investigate the temporal sequence of Aβos in AD human brain and examine the relationship between different Aβos and cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui-tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ying Y, Li H. Recent progress in the analysis of protein deamidation using mass spectrometry. Methods 2020; 200:42-57. [PMID: 32544593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deamidation is a nonenzymatic and spontaneous posttranslational modification (PTM) that introduces changes in both structure and charge of proteins, strongly associated with aging proteome instability and degenerative diseases. Deamidation is also a common PTM occurring in biopharmaceutical proteins, representing a major cause of degradation. Therefore, characterization of deamidation alongside its inter-related modifications, isomerization and racemization, is critically important to understand their roles in protein stability and diseases. Mass spectrometry (MS) has become an indispensable tool in site-specific identification of PTMs for proteomics and structural studies. In this review, we focus on the recent advances of MS analysis in protein deamidation. In particular, we provide an update on sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and MS technologies at multi-level scales, for accurate and reliable characterization of protein deamidation in both simple and complex biological samples, yielding important new insight on how deamidation together with isomerization and racemization occurs. These technological progresses will lead to a better understanding of how deamidation contributes to the pathology of aging and other degenerative diseases and the development of biopharmaceutical drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Ying
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 Wai Huan Dong Lu, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Huilin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 Wai Huan Dong Lu, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Houchat JN, Cartereau A, Le Mauff A, Taillebois E, Thany SH. An Overview on the Effect of Neonicotinoid Insecticides on Mammalian Cholinergic Functions through the Activation of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093222. [PMID: 32384754 PMCID: PMC7246883 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are used worldwide and have been demonstrated as toxic to beneficial insects such as honeybees. Their effectiveness is predominantly attributed to their high affinity for insect neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Mammalian neuronal nAChRs are of major importance because cholinergic synaptic transmission plays a key role in rapid neurotransmission, learning and memory processes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Because of the low agonist effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian neuronal nAChRs, it has been suggested that they are relatively safe for mammals, including humans. However, several lines of evidence have demonstrated that neonicotinoid insecticides can modulate cholinergic functions through neuronal nAChRs. Major studies on the influence of neonicotinoid insecticides on cholinergic functions have been conducted using nicotine low-affinity homomeric α7 and high-affinity heteromeric α4β2 receptors, as they are the most abundant in the nervous system. It has been found that the neonicotinoids thiamethoxam and clothianidin can activate the release of dopamine in rat striatum. In some contexts, such as neurodegenerative diseases, they can disturb the neuronal distribution or induce oxidative stress, leading to neurotoxicity. This review highlights recent studies on the mode of action of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian neuronal nAChRs and cholinergic functions.
Collapse
|
22
|
Siniavin AE, Streltsova MA, Kudryavtsev DS, Shelukhina IV, Utkin YN, Tsetlin VI. Activation of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Upregulates HLA-DR and Macrophage Receptors: Potential Role in Adaptive Immunity and in Preventing Immunosuppression. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E507. [PMID: 32230846 PMCID: PMC7225944 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune response during sepsis is characterized by hyper-inflammation followed by immunosuppression. The crucial role of macrophages is well-known for both septic stages, since they are involved in immune homeostasis and inflammation, their dysfunction being implicated in immunosuppression. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway mediated by macrophage α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) represents possible drug target. Although α7 nAChR activation on macrophages reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, the role of these receptors in immunological changes at the cellular level is not fully understood. Using α7 nAChR selective agonist PNU 282,987, we investigated the influence of α7 nAChR activation on the expression of cytokines and, for the first time, of the macrophage membrane markers: cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), CD11b, and CD54. Application of PNU 282,987 to THP-1Mϕ (THP-1 derived macrophages) cells led to inward ion currents and Ca2+ increase in cytoplasm showing the presence of functionally active α7 nAChR. Production of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 was estimated in classically activated macrophages (M1) and treatment with PNU 282,987 diminished IL-10 expression. α7 nAChR activation on THP-1Mϕ, THP-1M1, and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) increased the expression of HLA-DR, CD54, and CD11b molecules, but decreased CD14 receptor expression, these effects being blocked by alpha (α)-bungarotoxin. Thus, PNU 282,987 enhances the macrophage-mediated immunity via α7 nAChR by regulating expression of their membrane receptors and of cytokines, both playing an important role in preventing immunosuppressive states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei E. Siniavin
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signalling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (I.V.S.); (Y.N.U.); (V.I.T.)
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Maria A. Streltsova
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;
| | - Denis S. Kudryavtsev
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signalling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (I.V.S.); (Y.N.U.); (V.I.T.)
| | - Irina V. Shelukhina
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signalling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (I.V.S.); (Y.N.U.); (V.I.T.)
| | - Yuri N. Utkin
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signalling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (I.V.S.); (Y.N.U.); (V.I.T.)
| | - Victor I. Tsetlin
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signalling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (I.V.S.); (Y.N.U.); (V.I.T.)
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University, Moscow 115409, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Application of electrochemical method to a comparative study of spontaneous aggregation of amyloid-β isoforms. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.113938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|