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Li Y, Zhu J, Zhai F, Kong L, Li H, Jin X. Advances in the understanding of nuclear pore complexes in human diseases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:374. [PMID: 39080077 PMCID: PMC11289042 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05881-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are sophisticated and dynamic protein structures that straddle the nuclear envelope and act as gatekeepers for transporting molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. NPCs comprise up to 30 different proteins known as nucleoporins (NUPs). However, a growing body of research has suggested that NPCs play important roles in gene regulation, viral infections, cancer, mitosis, genetic diseases, kidney diseases, immune system diseases, and degenerative neurological and muscular pathologies. PURPOSE In this review, we introduce the structure and function of NPCs. Then We described the physiological and pathological effects of each component of NPCs which provide a direction for future clinical applications. METHODS The literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. CONCLUSION This review summarizes current studies on the implications of NPCs in human physiology and pathology, highlighting the mechanistic underpinnings of NPC-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengguang Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Li
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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Tan SY, Liu CL, Han HL, Zhai XD, Jiang H, Wang BJ, Wang JJ, Wei D. Two heat shock cognate 70 genes involved in spermatogenesis regulate the male fertility of Zeugodacus cucurbitae, as potential targets for pest control. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105816. [PMID: 38582574 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an agricultural quarantine pest threatening fruit and vegetable production. Heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70), which is a homolog of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), was first discovered in mice testes and plays an important role in spermatogenesis. In this study, we identified and cloned five Hsc70 genes from melon fly, namely ZcHsc70_1/2/3/4/5. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these proteins are closely related to Hsc70s from other Diptera insects. Spatiotemporal expression analysis showed that ZcHsc70_1 and ZcHsc70_2 are highly expressed in Z. cucurbitae testes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization further demonstrated that ZcHsc70_1 and ZcHsc70_2 are expressed in the transformation and maturation regions of testes, respectively. Moreover, RNA interference-based suppression of ZcHsc70_1 or ZcHsc70_2 resulted in a significant decrease of 74.61% and 63.28% in egg hatchability, respectively. Suppression of ZcHsc70_1 expression delayed the transformation of sperm cells to mature sperms. Meanwhile, suppression of ZcHsc70_2 expression decreased both sperm cells and mature sperms by inhibiting the meiosis of spermatocytes. Our findings show that ZcHsc70_1/2 regulates spermatogenesis and further affects the male fertility in the melon fly, showing potential as targets for pest control in sterile insect technique by genetic manipulation of males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yuan Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuan-Lian Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong-Liang Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Di Zhai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bao-Jun Wang
- Chongqing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
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Yamazoe K, Inoue YH. Cyclin B Export to the Cytoplasm via the Nup62 Subcomplex and Subsequent Rapid Nuclear Import Are Required for the Initiation of Drosophila Male Meiosis. Cells 2023; 12:2611. [PMID: 37998346 PMCID: PMC10670764 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1)-cyclin B (CycB) complex plays critical roles in cell-cycle regulation. Before Drosophila male meiosis, CycB is exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm via the nuclear porin 62kD (Nup62) subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex. When this export is inhibited, Cdk1 is not activated, and meiosis does not initiate. We investigated the mechanism that controls the cellular localization and activation of Cdk1. Cdk1-CycB continuously shuttled into and out of the nucleus before meiosis. Overexpression of CycB, but not that of CycB with nuclear localization signal sequences, rescued reduced cytoplasmic CycB and inhibition of meiosis in Nup62-silenced cells. Full-scale Cdk1 activation occurred in the nucleus shortly after its rapid nuclear entry. Cdk1-dependent centrosome separation did not occur in Nup62-silenced cells, whereas Cdk1 interacted with Cdk-activating kinase and Twine/Cdc25C in the nuclei of Nup62-silenced cells, suggesting the involvement of another suppression mechanism. Silencing of roughex rescued Cdk1 inhibition and initiated meiosis. Nuclear export of Cdk1 ensured its escape from inhibition by a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The complex re-entered the nucleus via importin β at the onset of meiosis. We propose a model regarding the dynamics and activation mechanism of Cdk1-CycB to initiate male meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshihiro H. Inoue
- Biomedical Research Center, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan;
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Madheshiya PK, Shukla E, Singh J, Bawaria S, Ansari MY, Chauhan R. Insights into the role of Nup62 and Nup93 in assembling cytoplasmic ring and central transport channel of the nuclear pore complex. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar139. [PMID: 36222862 PMCID: PMC9727814 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-01-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a highly modular assembly of 34 distinct nucleoporins (Nups) to form a versatile transport channel between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Among them, Nup62 is known as an essential component for nuclear transport, Nup93 for proper nuclear envelope assembly. These Nups constitute various NPC subcomplexes such as the central transport channel (CTC), the cytoplasmic ring (CR), and the inner ring (IR). However, how they play their roles in NPC assembly and transport activity is not clear. Here we delineated the interacting regions and conducted biochemical reconstitution and structural characterization of the mammalian CR complex to reveal its intrinsic dynamic behavior and a distinct "4"-shaped architecture resembling the CTC complex. Our in vitro reconstitution data demonstrate that the Nup62 coiled-coil domain is critical to form both Nup62322-525 •Nup88517-742 and Nup62322-525•Nup88517-742•Nup214693-926 heterotrimers and both can bind to Nup931-150. We therefore propose that Nup93 acts as a "sensor" to bind to Nup62 shared heterotrimers including the Nup62•Nup54 heterotrimer of the CTC, which was not shown previously to be an interacting partner. Altogether, our biochemical study suggests that Nup62 via its coiled-coil domain is central to form compositionally distinct yet structurally similar heterotrimers and Nup93 binds these diverse heterotrimers nonselectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekta Shukla
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyotsana Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - Radha Chauhan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India,*Address correspondence to: Radha Chauhan ()
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Liu T, Shi Y, Wang H, Shen H, Qu J. The Nuclear Pore Complex 62 Suppression Inhibits Coxsackievirus B Replication and Inflammatory Response. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:381-385. [PMID: 35605096 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tingjun Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junyan Qu
- Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) at the surface of nuclear membranes play a critical role in regulating the transport of both small molecules and macromolecules between the cell nucleus and cytoplasm via their multilayered spiderweb-like central channel. During mitosis, nuclear envelope breakdown leads to the rapid disintegration of NPCs, allowing some NPC proteins to play crucial roles in the kinetochore structure, spindle bipolarity, and centrosome homeostasis. The aberrant functioning of nucleoporins (Nups) and NPCs has been associated with autoimmune diseases, viral infections, neurological diseases, cardiomyopathies, and cancers, especially leukemia. This Special Issue highlights several new contributions to the understanding of NPC proteostasis.
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Azuma M, Ogata T, Yamazoe K, Tanaka Y, Inoue YH. Heat shock cognate 70 genes contribute to Drosophila spermatocyte growth progression possibly through the insulin signaling pathway. Dev Growth Differ 2021; 63:231-248. [PMID: 34050930 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila spermatocytes grow up to 25 times their original volume before the onset of male meiosis. Several insulin-like peptides and their cognate receptors (InR) are essential for the cell growth process in Drosophila. Here, we aimed to identify additional signaling pathways and other regulatory factors required for germline cell growth in Drosophila males. Spermatocyte-specific expression of the dominant-negative form of InR inhibits cell growth. Conversely, constitutively active forms of signaling factors downstream of InR suppress growth inhibition. Furthermore, hypomorphic mutations in the target of rapamycin (Tor) inhibit spermatocyte growth. These data indicate that the insulin/TOR pathway is essential for the growth of premeiotic spermatocytes. RNA interference (RNAi) screening for the identification of other novel genes associated with cell growth showed that the silencing of each of the five members of heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70) genes significantly inhibited the process. Hsc70-silenced spermatocytes showed Akt inhibition downstream of the insulin signaling pathway. Our pleckstrin homology domain-green fluorescent protein (PH-GFP) reporter studies indicated that PI3K remained activated in Hsc70-4-silenced cells, suggesting that the Hsc70-4 protein possibly targets Akt or Pdk1 acting downstream of PI3K. Moreover, each of the Hsc70 proteins showed different subcellular localizations. Hsc70-2 exhibited cytoplasmic colocalization with Akt in spermatocytes before nuclear entry of the kinase during the growth phase. These results indicated the involvement of Hsc70 proteins in the activation of various steps in the insulin signaling pathway, which is essential for spermatocyte growth. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism(s) that enhance signal transduction to stimulate the growth of Drosophila spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Azuma
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Research Center for Insect Advanced Studies, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Ogata
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Research Center for Insect Advanced Studies, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanta Yamazoe
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Research Center for Insect Advanced Studies, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Tanaka
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Research Center for Insect Advanced Studies, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro H Inoue
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Research Center for Insect Advanced Studies, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
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Shoda T, Yamazoe K, Tanaka Y, Asano Y, Inoue YH. Orbit/CLASP determines centriole length by antagonising Klp10A in Drosophila spermatocytes. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs251231. [PMID: 33674447 PMCID: PMC8015252 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.251231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After centrosome duplication, centrioles elongate before M phase. To identify genes required for this process and to understand the regulatory mechanism, we investigated the centrioles in Drosophila premeiotic spermatocytes expressing fluorescently tagged centriolar proteins. We demonstrated that an essential microtubule polymerisation factor, Orbit (the Drosophila CLASP orthologue, encoded by chb), accumulated at the distal end of centrioles and was required for the elongation. Conversely, a microtubule-severing factor, Klp10A, shortened the centrioles. Genetic analyses revealed that these two proteins functioned antagonistically to determine centriole length. Furthermore, Cp110 in the distal tip complex was closely associated with the factors involved in centriolar dynamics at the distal end. We observed loss of centriole integrity, including fragmentation of centrioles and earlier separation of the centriole pairs, in Cp110-null mutant cells either overexpressing Orbit or depleted of Klp10A Excess centriole elongation in the absence of the distal tip complex resulted in the loss of centriole integrity, leading to the formation of multipolar spindle microtubules emanating from centriole fragments, even when they were unpaired. Our findings contribute to understanding the mechanism of centriole integrity, disruption of which leads to chromosome instability in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Shoda
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Centre for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kanta Yamazoe
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Centre for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuri Tanaka
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Centre for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Asano
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Centre for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro H Inoue
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Centre for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes are multiprotein channels that span the nuclear envelope, which connects the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In addition to their main role in the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic molecule exchange, it has become evident that nuclear pore complexes and their components also have multiple transport-independent functions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported the involvement of nuclear pore complex components in embryogenesis, cell differentiation and tissue-specific processes. Here, we review the findings that highlight the dynamic nature of nuclear pore complexes and their roles in many cell type-specific functions during development and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Guglielmi
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Maximiliano A D'Angelo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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