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Qian L, Hu N, Yu Y. The effect of the concurrent use of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) during the perioperative period on the renal function of patients following craniocerebral interventional surgery. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38526065 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2335530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniocerebral interventional surgery is a common and essential treatment for cerebrovascular diseases. Despite continuous progress in interventional diagnosis and treatment technology, there is no effective method to alleviate contrast-induced kidney injuries. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the effect of the concurrent use of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) during the perioperative period on the renal function of patients following craniocerebral interventional surgery. METHODS We identified 228 cases of patients underwent craniocerebral interventional surgery from January 2018 to March 2022. Patients who used DEX during general anesthesia were in the DEX group (DEX group) or that did not use dexmedetomidine as the control group (CON group). The markers of kidney injury were recorded before and within 48 h after surgery. RESULTS Compared with CON group, the urea nitrogen (BUN) of the DEX group decreased significantly on the first day and the second day after surgery (p < 0.05). The serum cystatin-C and the blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) was significantly lower than that in CON group on the second day (p < 0.05). The urine output in the DEX group increased significantly, and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher than the CON group (p < 0.01). There was no difference in postoperative complications, ICU stay time and hospitalization time between the two groups. CONCLUSION The combined use of dexmedetomidine in general anesthesia for craniocerebral interventional surgery can reduce BUN levels within 48 h after surgery, significantly increase intraoperative urine volume, maintain intraoperative circulation stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianqiang Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Sharma N, Sistla R, Andugulapati SB. Yohimbine ameliorates liver inflammation and fibrosis by regulating oxidative stress and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155182. [PMID: 37952411 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic liver injury, caused by various aetiologies, causes recurrent tissue damage, culminating in decreased liver regenerative ability and resulting in fibrosis followed by cirrhosis. In this study, the anti-fibrotic activity of Yohimbine hydrochloride (YHC) was investigated using various in vitro models and in vivo models. METHODS To assess the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic effects of YHC, lipopolysaccharide or TGF-β induced differentiation or lipid-induced oxidative-stress models were employed using HLECs, HSC-LX2, and HepG2 cells. Further, thioacetamide (TAA) induced hepatic inflammation/fibrosis models were utilized to validate the YHC's anti-fibrotic activity in rats. RESULTS Inflammation/differentiation experiments in HLECs and HSC-LX2 revealed that YHC treatment significantly (p < 0.001) mitigated the lipopolysaccharide or TGF-β induced upregulation of inflammatory and fibrotic markers expression respectively. In addition, YHC dose-dependently reduced the TGF-β induced migration and palmitic acid-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Further, TAA administration (5 weeks) in vivo rat model showed increased inflammatory marker levels/expression, oxidative stress, and pathological abnormalities. Additionally, TAA administration (9 weeks) elevated the fibrotic marker expression, collagen deposition in liver tissues, and shortened longevity in rats. Treatment with YHC dose-dependently mitigated the TAA-induced abnormalities in both inflammation and fibrosis models and improved the survival of the rats. Further mechanistic approaches revealed that TAA administration elevated the JNK, Wnt components and β-catenin expression in hepatic stellate cells and animal tissues. Further treatment with YHC significantly modulated the JNK/Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Moreover, the β-catenin nuclear translocation results showed that β-catenin levels were significantly elevated in the nuclear fraction of TAA control samples and reduced in YHC-treated samples. CONCLUSION Yohimbine treatment significantly improved inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting differentiation, oxidative stress, and collagen deposition by partly modulating the JNK/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These results might serve as a foundation for proposing yohimbine as a potential lead compound for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201 002, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201 002, India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201 002, India.
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Su X, Lu F, Chen Y, Wang M, Tang G, Lin W, Liu Y, Wang H, Yin H, Wang Y. α 2 -ADRENORECEPTOR ANTAGONIST AMELIORATES SEPSIS-ASSOCIATED PULMONARY FIBROSIS BY SUPPRESSING NOREPINEPHRINE-MEDIATED FIBROBLAST DIFFERENTIATION VIA INHIBITING PKC ACTIVATION. Shock 2023; 60:771-780. [PMID: 37878498 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pulmonary fibrosis is an important factor affecting the prognosis of severe septic patients with acute lung injury. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of norepinephrine (NE) and α 2 -adrenoreceptor (AR) on sepsis-associated pulmonary fibrosis and the mechanism underlying these effects. We found pulmonary fibrotic changes, and increased NE production and α 2A -AR expression in the pulmonary tissue of mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture surgery. Reserpine and yohimbine alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in mice with sepsis by exhausting NE derived from the lung's adrenergic nerve and blocking α 2 -AR, respectively. There was no significant difference in the expression of the three α 1 -AR subtypes. The effect of NE on promoting pulmonary fibroblast differentiation in vitro was suppressed by yohimbine. Both the protein and mRNA expression levels of α 2A -AR were increased in pulmonary fibroblasts treated with LPS. Clonidine, a selective α 2 -AR agonist, enhanced LPS-induced differentiation in pulmonary fibroblasts, as indicated by the increase in α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I/III, which was mitigated by inhibiting PKC and p38. Further in vivo results indicated that yohimbine alleviated pulmonary fibrosis and inhibited the phosphorylation of PKC, p38, and Smad2/3 in lung tissue of mice exposed to LPS for 4 weeks. Clonidine showed the opposite effect to yohimbine, which aggravated LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis. These findings demonstrated that the sepsis-induced increase in NE promoted fibroblast differentiation via activating α 2 -AR. Blockage of α 2 -AR effectively ameliorated sepsis-associated pulmonary fibrosis by abolishing NE-induced lung fibroblast differentiation and inhibiting the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwen Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Kubacka M, Nowak B, Zadrożna M, Szafarz M, Latacz G, Marona H, Sapa J, Mogilski S, Bednarski M, Kotańska M. Manifestations of Liver Impairment and the Effects of MH-76, a Non-Quinazoline α1-Adrenoceptor Antagonist, and Prazosin on Liver Tissue in Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolites 2023; 13:1130. [PMID: 37999226 PMCID: PMC10672990 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive fructose consumption may lead to metabolic syndrome, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and hypertension. α1-adrenoceptors antagonists are antihypertensive agents that exert mild beneficial effects on the metabolic profile in hypertensive patients. However, they are no longer used as a first-line therapy for hypertension based on Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) outcomes. Later studies have shown that quinazoline-based α1-adrenolytics (prazosin, doxazosin) induce apoptosis; however, this effect was independent of α1-adrenoceptor blockade and was associated with the presence of quinazoline moiety. Recent studies showed that α1-adrenoceptors antagonists may reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients due to anti-inflammatory properties. MH-76 (1-[3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride)) is a non-quinazoline α1-adrenoceptor antagonist which, in fructose-fed rats, exerted anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive properties and reduced insulin resistance and visceral adiposity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of fructose consumption and treatment with α1-adrenoceptor antagonists of different classes (MH-76 and prazosin) on liver tissue of fructose-fed rats. Livers were collected from four groups (Control, Fructose, Fructose + MH-76 and Fructose + Prazosin) and subjected to biochemical and histopathological studies. Both α1-adrenolytics reduced macrovesicular steatosis and triglycerides content of liver tissue and improved its antioxidant capacity. Treatment with MH-76, contrary to prazosin, reduced leucocytes infiltration as well as decreased elevated IL-6 and leptin concentrations. Moreover, the MH-76 hepatotoxicity in hepatoma HepG2 cells was less than that of prazosin. The use of α1-adrenolytics with anti-inflammatory properties may be an interesting option for treatment of hypertension with metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (J.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Barbara Nowak
- Department of Cytobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (B.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Monika Zadrożna
- Department of Cytobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (B.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Małgorzata Szafarz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (J.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (J.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Marek Bednarski
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
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Chicherova I, Hernandez C, Mann F, Zoulim F, Parent R. Axon guidance molecules in liver pathology: Journeys on a damaged passport. Liver Int 2023; 43:1850-1864. [PMID: 37402699 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The liver is an innervated organ that develops a variety of chronic liver disease (CLD). Axon guidance cues (AGCs), of which ephrins, netrins, semaphorins and slits are the main representative, are secreted or membrane-bound proteins that can attract or repel axons through interactions with their growth cones that contain receptors recognizing these messengers. While fundamentally implicated in the physiological development of the nervous system, the expression of AGCs can also be reinduced under acute or chronic conditions, such as CLD, that necessitate redeployment of neural networks. METHODS This review considers the ad hoc literature through the neglected canonical neural function of these proteins that is also applicable to the diseased liver (and not solely their observed parenchymal impact). RESULTS AGCs impact fibrosis regulation, immune functions, viral/host interactions, angiogenesis, and cell growth, both at the CLD and HCC levels. Special attention has been paid to distinguishing correlative and causal data in such datasets in order to streamline data interpretation. While hepatic mechanistic insights are to date limited, bioinformatic evidence for the identification of AGCs mRNAs positive cells, protein expression, quantitative regulation, and prognostic data have been provided. Liver-pertinent clinical studies based on the US Clinical Trials database are listed. Future research directions derived from AGC targeting are proposed. CONCLUSION This review highlights frequent implication of AGCs in CLD, linking traits of liver disorders and the local autonomic nervous system. Such data should contribute to diversifying current parameters of patient stratification and our understanding of CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgeniia Chicherova
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Hernandez
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Fanny Mann
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
- Hepatogastroenterology Service, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Romain Parent
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, Inserm Unit 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, University of Lyon, Léon Bérard Anticancer Centre, Lyon, France
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Dwivedi NV, Datta S, El-Kersh K, Sadikot RT, Ganti AK, Batra SK, Jain M. GPCRs and fibroblast heterogeneity in fibroblast-associated diseases. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23101. [PMID: 37486603 PMCID: PMC10916681 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse class of signaling receptors. GPCRs regulate many functions in the human body and have earned the title of "most targeted receptors". About one-third of the commercially available drugs for various diseases target the GPCRs. Fibroblasts lay the architectural skeleton of the body, and play a key role in supporting the growth, maintenance, and repair of almost all tissues by responding to the cellular cues via diverse and intricate GPCR signaling pathways. This review discusses the dynamic architecture of the GPCRs and their intertwined signaling in pathological conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, pancreatic fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, and cancer as opposed to the GPCR signaling of fibroblasts in physiological conditions. Understanding the dynamics of GPCR signaling in fibroblasts with disease progression can help in the recognition of the complex interplay of different GPCR subtypes in fibroblast-mediated diseases. This review highlights the importance of designing and adaptation of next-generation strategies such as GPCR-omics, focused target identification, polypharmacology, and effective personalized medicine approaches to achieve better therapeutic outcomes for fibrosis and fibrosis associated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi V Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Souvik Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Karim El-Kersh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System
| | - Apar K. Ganti
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Ferroptosis-Related Genes with Regard to CTLA-4 and Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:687-703. [PMID: 36094606 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive analysis of ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and its relation to the tumor immune microenvironment are needed. Data included HCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium. And two datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used as the validation set. Based on the expression of ferroptosis-related genes, HCC patients were divided into two subtypes. Cluster 1 showed lower tumor grade, lower CTLA-4, and a more favorable prognosis than Cluster 2. Patients with higher SLC7A11 (50%) had a poorer prognosis in HCC. SLC7A11 is characterized by more NK CD56bright cells, less DC, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and cytokine receptor interaction. Ferroptosis-related genes especially SLC7A11 might be a valuable prognostic factor in HCC.
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Liao J, Li K, Su X, Chen Y, Wang Y, Tang X, Xing Y, Xu Y, Dai X, Teng J, Li H, Wang H, Lv X, Wang Y. Dexmedetomidine Promotes Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Differentiation of Cardiac Fibroblasts and Collagen I/III Synthesis through α 2A Adrenoreceptor-Mediated Activation of the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312749. [PMID: 34884552 PMCID: PMC8657501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a selective α2 adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist, is commonly used as a sedative drug during critical illness. In the present study, we explored a novel accelerative effect of DEX on cardiac fibroblast (CF) differentiation mediated by LPS and clarified its potential mechanism. LPS apparently increased the expression of α-SMA and collagen I/III and the phosphorylation of p38 and Smad-3 in the CFs of mice. These effects were significantly enhanced by DEX through increasing α2A-AR expression in CFs after LPS stimulation. The CFs from α2A-AR knockout mice were markedly less sensitive to DEX treatment than those of wild-type mice. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) abolished the enhanced effects of DEX on LPS-induced differentiation of CFs. We also found that the α-SMA level in the second-passage CFs was much higher than that in the nonpassage and first-passage CFs. However, after LPS stimulation, the TNF-α released from the nonpassage CFs was much higher than that in the first- and second-passage CFs. DEX had no effect on LPS-induced release of TNF-α and IL-6 from CFs. Further investigation indicated that DEX promoted cardiac fibrosis and collagen I/III synthesis in mice exposed to LPS for four weeks. Our results demonstrated that DEX effectively accelerated LPS-induced differentiation of CFs to myofibroblasts through the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 signaling pathway by activating α2A-AR.
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Mei B, Li J, Zuo Z. Dexmedetomidine attenuates sepsis-associated inflammation and encephalopathy via central α2A adrenoceptor. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:296-314. [PMID: 33039659 PMCID: PMC7749843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a significant clinical issue that is associated with increased mortality and cost of health care. Dexmedetomidine, an α2 adrenoceptor agonist that is used to provide sedation, has been shown to induce neuroprotection under various conditions. This study was designed to determine whether dexmedetomidine protects against SAE and whether α2 adrenoceptor plays a role in this protection. Six- to eight-week old CD-1 male mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). They were treated with intraperitoneal injection of dexmedetomidine in the presence or absence of α2 adrenoceptor antagonists, atipamezole or yohimbine, or an α2A adrenoceptor antagonist, BRL-44408. Hippocampus and blood were harvested for measuring cytokines. Mice were subjected to Barnes maze and fear conditioning 14 days after CLP to evaluate their learning and memory. CLP significantly increased the proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in the blood and hippocampus. CLP also increased the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and impaired learning and memory. These CLP detrimental effects were attenuated by dexmedetomidine. Intracerebroventricular application of atipamezole, yohimbine or BRL-44408 blocked the protection of dexmedetomidine on the brain but not on the systemic inflammation. Astrocytes but not microglia expressed α2A adrenoceptors. Microglial depletion did not abolish the protective effects of dexmedetomidine. These results suggest that dexmedetomidine reduces systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, injury of BBB and cognitive dysfunction in septic mice. The protective effects of dexmedetomidine on the brain may be mediated by α2A adrenoceptors in the astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, PR China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA.
| | - Zhiyi Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA.
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Special Issue on "Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Fibrosis". Cells 2020; 9:cells9051105. [PMID: 32365575 PMCID: PMC7291324 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special issue contains 48 contributions highlighting novel findings and current concepts in basic and clinical liver fibrosis research. These articles emphasize issues on pathogenesis, cellular mediators, modulators, molecular pathways, disease-specific therapies, scoring systems, as well as novel preclinical animal models for the study of liver fibrogenesis. This editorial aims to briefly summarize the content of these papers.
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