1
|
Zhang Y, Wang Q, Xue H, Guo Y, Wei S, Li F, Gong L, Pan W, Jiang P. Epigenetic Regulation of Autophagy in Bone Metabolism. FUNCTION 2024; 5:zqae004. [PMID: 38486976 PMCID: PMC10935486 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The skeletal system is crucial for supporting bodily functions, protecting vital organs, facilitating hematopoiesis, and storing essential minerals. Skeletal homeostasis, which includes aspects such as bone density, structural integrity, and regenerative processes, is essential for normal skeletal function. Autophagy, an intricate intracellular mechanism for degrading and recycling cellular components, plays a multifaceted role in bone metabolism. It involves sequestering cellular waste, damaged proteins, and organelles within autophagosomes, which are then degraded and recycled. Autophagy's impact on bone health varies depending on factors such as regulation, cell type, environmental cues, and physiological context. Despite being traditionally considered a cytoplasmic process, autophagy is subject to transcriptional and epigenetic regulation within the nucleus. However, the precise influence of epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression, on cellular fate remains incompletely understood. The interplay between autophagy and epigenetic modifications adds complexity to bone cell regulation. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate interplay between these two regulatory paradigms, with a focus on the epigenetic control of autophagy in bone metabolism. Such an understanding enhances our knowledge of bone metabolism-related disorders and offers insights for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Zhang
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou 277500, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou 277500, China
| | - Hongjia Xue
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Yujin Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining 272000, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
- Department of Graduate, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Fengfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou 277500, China
| | - Linqiang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277500, China
| | - Weiliang Pan
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou 277500, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People’s Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining 272000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elste J, Chan A, Patil C, Tripathi V, Shadrack DM, Jaishankar D, Hawkey A, Mungerson MS, Shukla D, Tiwari V. Archaic connectivity between the sulfated heparan sulfate and the herpesviruses - An evolutionary potential for cross-species interactions. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1030-1040. [PMID: 36733705 PMCID: PMC9880898 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural diversity of metazoic heparan sulfate (HS) composed of unique sulfated domains is remarkably preserved among various vertebrates and invertebrate species. Interestingly the sulfated moieties of HS have been known as the key determinants generating extraordinary ligand binding sites in the HS chain to regulate multiple biological functions and homeostasis. One such ligand for 3-O sulfation in the HS chain is a glycoprotein D (gD) from an ancient herpesvirus, herpes simplex virus (HSV). This interaction between gD and 3-O sulfated HS leads to virus-cell fusion to promote HSV entry. It is quite astonishing that HSV-1, which infects two-thirds of the world population, is also capable of causing severe diseases in primates and non-primates including primitive zebrafish. Supporting evidence that HSV may cross the species barrier comes from the fact that an enzymatic modification in HS encoded by 3-O sulfotransferase-3 (3-OST-3) from a vertebrate zoonotic species enhances HSV-1 infectivity. The latter phenomenon suggests the possible role of sulfated-HS as an entry receptor during reverse zoonosis, especially during an event when humans encounter domesticated animals in proximity. In this mini-review, we explore the possibility that structural diversity in HS may have played a substantial role in species-specific adaptability for herpesviruses in general including their potential role in promoting cross-species transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Elste
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Angelica Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Patil
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vinisha Tripathi
- Mountain Vista High School, 10585 Mountain Vista Ridge, Highlands Ranch, CO 80126, USA
| | - Daniel M. Shadrack
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, St John's University of Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Dinesh Jaishankar
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew Hawkey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Michelle Swanson Mungerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vaibhav Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scholtes C, Giguère V. Transcriptional control of energy metabolism by nuclear receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:750-770. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
4
|
Basal Autophagy Is Necessary for A Pharmacologic PPARα Transactivation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040754. [PMID: 35203398 PMCID: PMC8870620 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved cellular process of catabolism leading to nutrient recycling upon starvation and maintaining tissue and energy homeostasis. Tissue-specific loss of core-autophagy-related genes often triggers diverse diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammatory disease, metabolic disorder, and muscle disease. The nutrient-sensing nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) plays a key role in fasting-associated metabolisms such as autophagy, fatty acid oxidation, and ketogenesis. Here we show that autophagy defects impede the transactivation of PPARα. Liver-specific ablation of the Atg7 gene in mice showed reduced expression levels of PPARα target genes in response to its synthetic agonist ligands. Since NRF2, an antioxidant transcription factor, is activated in autophagy-deficient mice due to p62/SQSTM1 accumulation and its subsequent interaction with KEAP1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. We hypothesize that the nuclear accumulation of NRF2 by autophagy defects blunts the transactivation of PPARα. Consistent with this idea, we find that NRF2 activation is sufficient to inhibit the pharmacologic transactivation of PPARα, which is dependent on the Nrf2 gene. These results reveal an unrecognized requirement of basal autophagy for the transactivation of PPARα by preventing NRF2 from a nuclear translocation and suggest a clinical significance of basal autophagy to expect a pharmacologic efficacy of synthetic PPARα ligands.
Collapse
|
5
|
Transcriptional Regulation of Hepatic Autophagy by Nuclear Receptors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040620. [PMID: 35203271 PMCID: PMC8869834 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an adaptive self-eating process involved in degradation of various cellular components such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and organelles. Its activity plays an essential role in tissue homeostasis and systemic metabolism in response to diverse challenges, including nutrient depletion, pathogen invasion, and accumulations of toxic materials. Therefore, autophagy dysfunctions are intimately associated with many human diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, obesity, diabetes, infection, and aging. Although its acute post-translational regulation is well described, recent studies have also shown that autophagy can be controlled at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are in general ligand-dependent transcription factors consisting of 48 members in humans. These receptors extensively control transcription of a variety of genes involved in development, metabolism, and inflammation. In this review, we discuss the roles and mechanisms of NRs in an aspect of transcriptional regulation of hepatic autophagy, and how the NR-driven autophagy pathway can be harnessed to treat various liver diseases.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao D, Cao X, Ren H, Wu L, Yan Y, Hua R, Xing W, Lei M, Liu J. Immunotoxicity and uterine transcriptome analysis of the effect of zearalenone (ZEA) in sows during the embryo attachment period. Toxicol Lett 2021; 357:33-42. [PMID: 34933075 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone is a mycotoxin and a pollutant that is commonly found in crops. Once ingested, ZEA can cause disturbances in the immune system and produce immunotoxicity. However, there is little research on the effect of ZEA exposure on the relationship between immune regulation and embryo implantation in the uteri of sows. Embryo implantation relies upon the fact that the relationship between the maternal and fetal immune systems is balanced. This balance is provided by the joint regulation of immune organs, cytokines, and uterine immunity. In this study, we investigated 20 sows with an initial weight of 100.00 ± 5.00 kg and 200 days in age. The sows were fed with diets containing ZEA at concentrations of 0 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg, respectively, from 8 to 14 days of gestation. We studied immunotoxicity and the uterine transcriptomics associated with the effect of ZEA in sows during embryo attachment. Following ZEA treatment, serum biochemical analysis and RT-qPCR were used to detect the concentration and mRNA expression levels of immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, and IgM, in the serum and spleen, respectively. The same analysis was carried out for a range of cytokines in the serum and spleen: IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF. Uterine transcriptome analysis revealed 75, 215, and 81 genes that were differentially expressed in the 0 mg/kg vs 1 mg/kg treatment, 0 mg/kg vs 10 mg/kg treatment, and 1 mg/kg vs 10 mg/kg treatment, respectively. GO terms analysis showed that the up-regulated genes related to the immune system were highly expressed. KEGG pathway analysis further revealed the importance of several metabolic pathways, including drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, and calcium signaling pathways. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. These findings expand our understanding of the gene expression profiles and signaling pathways associated with the immune response to ZEA exposure in sows during the embryo implantation window. This study provides valuable information for clarifying the molecular mechanism of ZEA's immunotoxicity to early pregnant sows in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xinxin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Huihui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Lihang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Youxin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Renwu Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Wenkai Xing
- Jiangxi Zhengbang Breeding Co. LTD, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Minggang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; National Engineering Research Center for Livestock, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Jiangxi Zhengbang Breeding Co. LTD, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sebbane F, Lemaître N. Antibiotic Therapy of Plague: A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:724. [PMID: 34065940 PMCID: PMC8151713 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plague-a deadly disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis-is still an international public health concern. There are three main clinical forms: bubonic plague, septicemic plague, and pulmonary plague. In all three forms, the symptoms appear suddenly and progress very rapidly. Early antibiotic therapy is essential for countering the disease. Several classes of antibiotics (e.g., tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, rifamycin, and β-lactams) are active in vitro against the majority of Y. pestis strains and have demonstrated efficacy in various animal models. However, some discrepancies have been reported. Hence, health authorities have approved and recommended several drugs for prophylactic or curative use. Only monotherapy is currently recommended; combination therapy has not shown any benefits in preclinical studies or case reports. Concerns about the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Y. pestis have led to the development of new classes of antibiotics and other therapeutics (e.g., LpxC inhibitors, cationic peptides, antivirulence drugs, predatory bacteria, phages, immunotherapy, host-directed therapy, and nutritional immunity). It is difficult to know which of the currently available treatments or therapeutics in development will be most effective for a given form of plague. This is due to the lack of standardization in preclinical studies, conflicting data from case reports, and the small number of clinical trials performed to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Sebbane
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1019—UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nadine Lemaître
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1019—UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens Picardie, UR 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alatshan A, Benkő S. Nuclear Receptors as Multiple Regulators of NLRP3 Inflammasome Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630569. [PMID: 33717162 PMCID: PMC7952630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are important bridges between lipid signaling molecules and transcription responses. Beside their role in several developmental and physiological processes, many of these receptors have been shown to regulate and determine the fate of immune cells, and the outcome of immune responses under physiological and pathological conditions. While NLRP3 inflammasome is assumed as key regulator for innate and adaptive immune responses, and has been associated with various pathological events, the precise impact of the nuclear receptors on the function of inflammasome is hardly investigated. A wide variety of factors and conditions have been identified as modulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and at the same time, many of the nuclear receptors are known to regulate, and interact with these factors, including cellular metabolism and various signaling pathways. Nuclear receptors are in the focus of many researches, as these receptors are easy to manipulate by lipid soluble molecules. Importantly, nuclear receptors mediate regulatory mechanisms at multiple levels: not only at transcription level, but also in the cytosol via non-genomic effects. Their importance is also reflected by the numerous approved drugs that have been developed in the past decade to specifically target nuclear receptors subtypes. Researches aiming to delineate mechanisms that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation draw a wide range of attention due to their unquestionable importance in infectious and sterile inflammatory conditions. In this review, we provide an overview of current reports and knowledge about NLRP3 inflammasome regulation from the perspective of nuclear receptors, in order to bring new insight to the potentially therapeutic aspect in targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alatshan
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Benkő
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|