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Malagrinò F, Puglisi E, Pagano L, Travaglini-Allocatelli C, Toto A. GRB2: A dynamic adaptor protein orchestrating cellular signaling in health and disease. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101803. [PMID: 39175664 PMCID: PMC11340617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
GRB2, or Growth Factor Receptor-Bound Protein 2, is a pivotal adaptor protein in intracellular signal transduction pathways, particularly within receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling cascades. Its crystal structure reveals a modular architecture comprising a single Src homology 2 (SH2) domain flanked by two Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, facilitating dynamic interactions critical for cellular signaling. While SH2 domains recognize phosphorylated tyrosines, SH3 domains bind proline-rich sequences, enabling GRB2 to engage with various downstream effectors. Folding and binding studies of GRB2 in its full-length form and isolated domains highlight a complex interplay between its protein-protein interaction domains on the folding energy landscape and in driving its function. Being at the crosslink of many key molecular pathways in the cell, GRB2 possesses a role in cancer pathogenesis, particularly in mediating the Ras-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Thus, pharmacological targeting of GRB2 domains is a promising field in cancer therapy, with efforts focused on disrupting protein-protein interactions. However, the dynamic interplay driving GRB2 function suggests the presence of allosteric sites at the interface between domains that could be targeted to modulate the binding properties of its constituent domains. We propose that the analysis of GRB2 proteins from other species may provide additional insights to make the allosteric pharmacological targeting of GRB2 a more feasible strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Malagrinò
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienze Della Vita e Dell'ambiente, Universita' Dell’Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, L'Aquila, Coppito, 67010, Italy
| | - Elena Puglisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy – Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Italy
| | - Livia Pagano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy – Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Italy
| | - Carlo Travaglini-Allocatelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy – Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Italy
| | - Angelo Toto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy – Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Italy
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2
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Wang D, Liu G, Meng Y, Chen H, Ye Z, Jing J. The Configuration of GRB2 in Protein Interaction and Signal Transduction. Biomolecules 2024; 14:259. [PMID: 38540680 PMCID: PMC10968029 DOI: 10.3390/biom14030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth-factor-receptor-binding protein 2 (GRB2) is a non-enzymatic adaptor protein that plays a pivotal role in precisely regulated signaling cascades from cell surface receptors to cellular responses, including signaling transduction and gene expression. GRB2 binds to numerous target molecules, thereby modulating a complex cell signaling network with diverse functions. The structural characteristics of GRB2 are essential for its functionality, as its multiple domains and interaction mechanisms underpin its role in cellular biology. The typical signaling pathway involving GRB2 is initiated by the ligand stimulation to its receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The activation of RTKs leads to the recruitment of GRB2 through its SH2 domain to the phosphorylated tyrosine residues on the receptor. GRB2, in turn, binds to the Son of Sevenless (SOS) protein through its SH3 domain. This binding facilitates the activation of Ras, a small GTPase, which triggers a cascade of downstream signaling events, ultimately leading to cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Further research and exploration into the structure and function of GRB2 hold great potential for providing novel insights and strategies to enhance medical approaches for related diseases. In this review, we provide an outline of the proteins that engage with domains of GRB2, along with the function of different GRB2 domains in governing cellular signaling pathways. This furnishes essential points of current studies for the forthcoming advancement of therapeutic medications aimed at GRB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Guoxia Liu
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
- School of Life Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 200072, China
| | - Yuxin Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Hongjie Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Zu Ye
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Ji Jing
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Hangzhou 310022, China
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3
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Bufano M, Puxeddu M, Nalli M, La Regina G, Toto A, Liberati FR, Paone A, Cutruzzolà F, Masci D, Bigogno C, Dondio G, Silvestri R, Gianni S, Coluccia A. Targeting the Grb2 cSH3 domain: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of the first series of modulators. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106607. [PMID: 37210829 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (Grb2) is an adaptor protein featured by a nSH3-SH2-cSH3 domains. Grb2 finely regulates important cellular pathways such as growth, proliferation and metabolism and a minor lapse of this tight control may totally change the entire pathway to the oncogenic. Indeed, Grb2 is found overexpressed in many tumours type. Consequently, Grb2 is an attractive therapeutic target for the development of new anticancer drug. Herein, we reported the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a series of Grb2 inhibitors, developed starting from a hit-compound already reported by this research unit. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated by kinetic binding experiments, and the most promising derivatives were assayed in a short panel of cancer cells. Five of the newly synthesized derivatives proved to be able to bind the targeted protein with valuable inhibitory concentration in one-digit micromolar concentration. The most active compound of this series, derivative 12, showed an inhibitory concentration of about 6 μM for glioblastoma and ovarian cancer cells, and an IC50 of 1.67 for lung cancer cell. For derivative 12, the metabolic stability and the ROS production was also evaluated. The biological data together with the docking studies led to rationalize an early structure activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Bufano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Puxeddu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marianna Nalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Angelo Toto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Liberati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Paone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Cutruzzolà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Domiziana Masci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Bigogno
- Aphad SrL, Via della Resistenza 65, 20090 Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Giulio Dondio
- Aphad SrL, Via della Resistenza 65, 20090 Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Gianni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Coluccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
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The structural basis of BCR-ABL recruitment of GRB2 in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Biophys J 2022; 121:2251-2265. [PMID: 35651316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL drives chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). BCR binding to GRB2 transduces signaling via the Ras/MAPK pathway. Despite considerable data confirming the binding, molecular-level understanding of exactly how the two proteins interact, and especially, what are the determinants of the specificity of the SH2GRB2 domain-pBCR recognition are still open questions. Yet, this is vastly important for understanding binding selectivity, and for predicting the phosphorylated receptors, or peptides, that are likely to bind. Here, we uncover these determinants and ascertain to what extent they relate to the affinity of the interaction. Toward this end, we modeled the complexes of the phosphorylated BCR (pBCR) and SH2GRB2 and other pY/Y-peptide-SH2 complexes and compared their specificity and affinity. We observed that pBCR's 176FpYVNV180 motif is favorable and specific to SH2GRB2, similar to pEGFR, but not other complexes. SH2GRB2 contains two binding pockets: pY-binding recognition pocket triggers binding, and the specificity pocket whose interaction is governed by N179 in pBCR and W121 in SH2GRB2. Our proposed motif with optimal affinity to SH2GRB2 is E/D-pY-E/V-N-I/L. Collectively, we provide the structural basis of BCR-ABL recruitment of GRB2, outline its specificity hallmarks, and delineate a blueprint for prediction of BCR-binding scaffolds and for therapeutic peptide design.
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Chen S, Li D, Yu D, Li M, Ye L, Jiang Y, Tang S, Zhang R, Xu C, Jiang S, Wang Z, Aschner M, Zheng Y, Chen L, Chen W. Determination of tipping point in course of PM 2.5 organic extracts-induced malignant transformation by dynamic network biomarkers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128089. [PMID: 34933256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic network biomarkers (DNBs) are designed to identify the tipping point and specific molecules in initiation of PM2.5-induced lung cancers. To discover early-warning signals, we analyzed time-series gene expression datasets over a course of PM2.5 organic extraction-induced human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cell transformation (0th~16th week). A composition index of DNB (CIDNB) was calculated to determine correlations and fluctuations in molecule clusters at each timepoint. We identified a group of genes with the highest CIDNB at the 10th week, implicating a tipping point and corresponding DNBs. Functional experiments revealed that manipulating respective DNB genes at the tipping point led to remarkable changes in malignant phenotypes, including four promoters (GAB2, NCF1, MMP25, LAPTM5) and three suppressors (BATF2, DOK3, DAP3). Notably, co-altered expression of seven core DNB genes resulted in an enhanced activity of malignant transformation compared to effects of single-gene manipulation. Perturbation of pathways (EMT, HMGB1, STAT3, NF-κB, PTEN) appeared in HBE cells at the tipping point. The core DNB genes were involved in regulating lung cancer cell growth and associated with poor survival, indicating their synergistic effects in initiation and development of lung cancers. These findings provided novel insights into the mechanism of dynamic networks attributable to PM2.5-induced cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuyun Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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6
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Spohr C, Poggio T, Andrieux G, Schönberger K, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Boerries M, Halbach S, Illert AL, Brummer T. Gab2 deficiency prevents Flt3-ITD driven acute myeloid leukemia in vivo. Leukemia 2022; 36:970-982. [PMID: 34903841 PMCID: PMC8979819 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Internal tandem duplications (ITD) of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) predict poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and often co-exist with inactivating DNMT3A mutations. In vitro studies implicated Grb2-associated binder 2 (GAB2) as FLT3-ITD effector. Utilizing a Flt3-ITD knock-in, Dnmt3a haploinsufficient mouse model, we demonstrate that Gab2 is essential for the development of Flt3-ITD driven AML in vivo, as Gab2 deficient mice displayed prolonged survival, presented with attenuated liver and spleen pathology and reduced blast counts. Furthermore, leukemic bone marrow from Gab2 deficient mice exhibited reduced colony-forming unit capacity and increased FLT3 inhibitor sensitivity. Using transcriptomics, we identify the genes encoding for Axl and the Ret co-receptor Gfra2 as targets of the Flt3-ITD/Gab2/Stat5 axis. We propose a pathomechanism in which Gab2 increases signaling of these receptors by inducing their expression and by serving as downstream effector. Thereby, Gab2 promotes AML aggressiveness and drug resistance as it incorporates these receptor tyrosine kinases into the Flt3-ITD signaling network. Consequently, our data identify GAB2 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in human AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Spohr
- grid.5963.9Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Poggio
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- grid.5963.9Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schönberger
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.429509.30000 0004 0491 4256Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology (IMPRS-MCB), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Cabezas-Wallscheid
- grid.429509.30000 0004 0491 4256Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany ,Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies (CIBSS), 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- grid.5963.9Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Halbach
- grid.5963.9Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna L. Illert
- grid.5963.9Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Center for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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Lu Q, Lou J, Cai R, Han W, Pan H. Emerging roles of a pivotal lncRNA SBF2-AS1 in cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:417. [PMID: 34372871 PMCID: PMC8351094 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs refer to transcripts over 200 nt in length that lack the ability to encode proteins, which occupy the majority of the genome and play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of human diseases, especially cancers. SBF2-AS1, a newly identified long non-coding RNA, has been verified to be highly expressed in diversiform cancers, and is involved in processes promoting tumorigenesis, tumor progression and tumor metastasis. Moreover, upregulation of SBF2-AS1 expression was significantly related to disadvantageous clinicopathologic characteristics and indicated poor prognosis. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the up-to-date knowledge of the detailed mechanisms and underlying functions of SBF2-AS1 in diverse cancer types, highlighting the potential of SBF2-AS1 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and even a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruyun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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