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Abou-El-Sherbini KS, Morsi RMM, Elzahany EAM, Nour MA, Drweesh EA. Spectral and conductivity measurements insights on loading mechanisms of DMSO/water-kaolin complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025; 324:124990. [PMID: 39186874 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Kaolin, a naturally occurring clay mineral renowned for its distinctive properties, holds significant importance across various industries. The integration of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) into kaolin matrices, both in the presence and absence of water, has been extensively explored for its potential to enhance material characteristics. Addressing debates surrounding the proposed adsorption mechanism for the type I structure of DMSO, this study undertook a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of DMSO-kaolin complexes (DMSO-KCs) derived from untreated (UnK) and HCl-treated (HK) Egyptian ore, with a focus on elucidating the loading mechanism facilitated by water. Key insights gleaned from electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, and Fine Testing Technology - Fourier-transform infrared (FTT-FTIR) measurements, shedding light on the bonding nature of DMSO-KCs. FTT-FTIR analysis revealed two stages of water departure at 180 °C, with the final stage coinciding with the release of pyrolysis gases, confirming the catalytic degradation of DMSO. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), two distinct bonding types of DMSO molecules with kaolinite were identified: amorphous adsorbed (type I) and lattice-oriented intercalated (type II). Electrical characteristic evaluations within the temperature range of room temperature (RT) to 260 °C and frequency range of 42 Hz-1 MHz revealed that DMSO intercalation enhances the electrical properties of kaolin. Hydrated DMSO-KCs exhibited higher values of σac and ɛ' compared to non-hydrated samples. The activation energy (Ea) values for HCl-treated samples were smaller than those of untreated ones. Alternating current (AC) conductivity analysis indicated predominantly ionic behavior with frequency and temperature dependency in both HCl-treated and untreated kaolin. Our findings substantiate the adsorption mechanism of Type I DMSO, highlighting its amorphous nature, instability, and catalytic degradation over time, in contrast to the intercalated type II. This elucidation is pivotal for understanding the behavior of DMSO-KCs across diverse applications, including electronics, ceramics, and materialsscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S Abou-El-Sherbini
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former Eltahrir st.), Dokki, Giza P.O.12622, Egypt.
| | - Reham M M Morsi
- Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohoth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Elzahany
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former Eltahrir st.), Dokki, Giza P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Nour
- Chemical Metrology Division - Gas Analysis and Fire Safety Laboratory, National Institute of Standards (NIS), Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Drweesh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former Eltahrir st.), Dokki, Giza P.O.12622, Egypt.
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de Macêdo Neto JC, de Freitas BM, de Miranda AG, de Almeida Rodrigues R, Del Pino GG, Kieling AC, Dos Santos MD, Duvoisin Junior S, Sanches AE, Gondres Torné I, Silva CC, da Costa JCM, Bello RH. The Stability and Properties of Polystyrene/Kaolinite Nanocomposites during Synthesis via Emulsion Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092094. [PMID: 37177240 PMCID: PMC10180905 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the stability and morphological properties of polystyrene latex containing kaolinite as a filler during the process of synthesis of nanocomposites viaemulsion polymerization. Nanocomposites with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of kaolinite were prepared. Latexes with 1 to 3 wt% of kaolinite were stable during the polymerization reaction. Hydrodynamic diameters of 93.68 and 82.11 nm were found for latexes with 1 and 3 wt% of kaolinite, respectively. The quantities of 1 to 3 wt% of kaolinite added during the reaction did not influence the reaction conversion curves or the number of particles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and unconventional techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed the presence of exfoliated and intercalated structures of the kaolinite.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Costa de Macêdo Neto
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mello de Freitas
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Gomes de Miranda
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo de Almeida Rodrigues
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Garcia Del Pino
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Antônio Claudio Kieling
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcos Dantas Dos Santos
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Sergio Duvoisin Junior
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Antônio Estanislau Sanches
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Israel Gondres Torné
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Cândida Silva
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Martins da Costa
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
| | - Roger Hoel Bello
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Amazonas State University, Avenida Darcy Vargas, 1200, Parque Dez de Novembro, Manaus 69850-000, AM, Brazil
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DMSO Deintercalation in Kaolinite–DMSO Intercalate: Influence of Solution Polarity on Removal. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5040097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the deintercalation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) from a kaolinite–DMSO complex in various solvents. The use of kaolinite as filler in polymer–clay composite generally faced the difficulty of kaolinite dispersion due to its high cohesion. For improved dispersion of kaolinite within a given matrix, previous intercalation of small polar molecules is usually done prior to its displacement during composite-making. The influence of the solvent polarity on the deintercalation in analyzed here to understand its role during the deintercalation process. The intercalation of the DMSO was done by solution-mixing and its displacement was done in distilled water, ethyl acetate, and acetone. The products of deintercalation were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The weakening of the kaolinite cohesion after DMSO intercalation is demonstrated through the broadening of the diffraction peak associated with the kaolinite on XRD patterns. From FTIR spectra, the weakening is associated with the displacement to low wavenumbers of the Si–O or Al–O vibration bands within the kaolinite–DMSO complex. The kaolinite dehydroxylation temperatures from DSC show that the rate of DMSO displacement affects the ordering of the recovered kaolinite. The crystallite size of the kaolinite is reduced from the raw to the recovered kaolinite after DMSO displacement, indicating an exfoliation of the kaolinite. From these results, it is found that the removal of the DMSO from the kaolinite–DMSO complex is influenced by solvent polarity. The higher the polarity, the greater the removal of the DMSO from the complex. Solvent polarity affects the rate of DMSO displacement, which influences the ordering of the recovered kaolinite. It is suggested that solvent polarity can be used to control the removal rate of DMSO, which may be key to the dispersion of the kaolinite platelets.
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