1
|
Wang Y, Wang R, Zou J, Xie W, Chang J, Dong B, Yue T. Development of a turn-on fluorescent probe for the imaging of intracellular hypochlorous acid (HClO) during ferroptosis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124123. [PMID: 38452460 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a burgeoning iron-dependent cell death form, and has close relation with hypochlorous acid (HClO). Exploring the fluctuation of the HClO level in living cells during ferroptosis could contribute to the profound study of the biological functions of HClO during ferroptosis. Here, we present a turn-on probe (RH-C) for the imaging of intracellular HClO during ferroptosis. The probe RH-C utilized the N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate group as a selective recognition site for HClO, and displayed desirable sensitivity and selectivity to HClO. The probe RH-C could detect the exogenous and endogenous HClO in living cells. Furthermore, RH-C was competent in monitoring the changes of endogenous HClO level during the process of ferroptosis. Biological imaging results suggested that erastin-induced ferroptosis can result in the excessive production of the endogenous HClO, and ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and vitamin E (VE) could block the massive accumulation of HClO in living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Ruifei Wang
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Jidong Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Wanru Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Jia Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Baoli Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China.
| | - Tao Yue
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pareek N, Mendiratta S, Kalita N, Sivaramakrishnan S, Khan RS, Samanta A. Unraveling Ferroptosis Mechanisms: Tracking Cellular Viscosity with Small Molecular Fluorescent Probes. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400056. [PMID: 38430218 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently identified form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Numerous functions for ferroptosis have been identified in physiological as well as pathological processes, most notably in the treatment of cancer. The intricate balance of redox homeostasis is profoundly altered during ferroptosis, leading to alteration in cellular microenvironment. One such microenvironment is viscosity among others such as pH, polarity, and temperature. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of ferroptosis associated viscosity levels within organelles is crucial. To date, there are a very few reviews that detects ferroptosis assessing reactive species. In this review, we have summarized organelle's specific fluorescent probes that detects dynamics of microviscosity during ferroptosis. Also, we offer the readers an insight of their design strategy, photophysics and associated bioimaging concluding with the future perspective and challenges in the related field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Pareek
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Sana Mendiratta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Nripankar Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Shreya Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Rafique Sanu Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Animesh Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang SY, Qu YC, Shao N, Niu LY, Yang QZ. Reversible Dual Fluorescence-Lifetime Imaging of Mitochondrial GSH and Microviscosity: Real-Time Evaluation of Ferroptosis Status. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4570-4579. [PMID: 38441542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, as a new form of regulated cell death, is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. Developing a single probe for an independent analysis of multiple analytes related to ferroptosis can provide more accurate information and simplify the detection procedures, but it faces great challenges. In this work, we develop a fluorescent probe for the simultaneous detection of GSH through ratiometric fluorescence response and microviscosity via a fluorescence lifetime model. Based on the reversible Michael addition reaction between GSH and unsaturated C═C bond, the probe responds reversibly to GSH with a ratiometric fluorescence variation and a fast response time (t1/2 = 4.7 s). At the same time, the probe is sensitive to environmental viscosity by changing its fluorescence lifetimes. The probe was applied to monitor the drug-induced ferroptosis process through both the classical Xc-/GSH/GPX4- and DHODH-mediated defense mechanisms. We hope that the probe will provide a useful molecular tool for the real-time live-cell imaging of GSH dynamics, which is benefit to unveiling related physiological and pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chen Qu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Na Shao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ya Niu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deng Y, Huang H, Feng J, Peng Y, Liu Y. Theoretical Investigation of a Coumarin Fluorescent Probe for Distinguishing the Detection of Small-Molecule Biothiols. Molecules 2024; 29:554. [PMID: 38338299 PMCID: PMC10856144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the level of biothiols in organisms would be beneficial for health inspections. Recently, 3-(2'-nitro vinyl)-4-phenylselenyl coumarin as a fluorescent probe for distinguishing the detection of the small-molecule biothiols cysteine/homocysteine (Cys/Hcy) and glutathione (GSH) was developed. By introducing 4-phenyselenium as the active site, the probe CouSeNO2/CouSNO2 was capable of detecting Cys/Hcy and GSH in dual fluorescence channels. Theoretical insights into the fluorescence sensing mechanism of the probe were provided in this work. The details of the electron excitation process in the probe and sensing products under optical excitation and the fluorescent character were analyzed using the quantum mechanical method. All these theoretical results would provide insight and pave the way for the molecular design of fluorescent probes for the detection of biothiols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yongjin Peng
- College of Modern Industry of Health Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- College of Modern Industry of Health Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Groß P, Hoffmann RS, Müller M, Schönherr H, Ihmels H. Fluorimetric Cell Analysis with 9-Aryl-Substituted Berberine Derivatives as DNA-Targeting Fluorescent Probes. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300761. [PMID: 37934026 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA-sensitive fluorescent light-up probes based on berberine are presented. This biogenic fluorophore was chosen as central unit to use its potential biocompatibility and its DNA-binding properties. To provide predictable fluorescence quenching in aqueous solution and a fluorescence light-up effect upon DNA binding, aryl substituents were attached at the 9-position by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. The 9-arylberberine derivatives have a very low fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl =<0.02), which is caused by the radiationless deactivation of the excited state by torsional relaxation about the biaryl axis. In addition, these berberine derivatives intercalate into DNA with high affinity (Kb =2.0-22×104 M-1 ). Except for the nitrophenyl- and hydroxyphenyl-substituted derivatives, all tested compounds exhibited a pronounced fluorescence light-up effect upon association with DNA, because the deactivation of the excited-state by torsional relaxation is suppressed in the DNA binding site. Most notably, it was shown exemplarily with the 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)- and the 9-(6-methoxynaphthyl)-substituted derivatives that these properties are suited for fluorimetric cell analysis. In particular, these probes generated distinct staining patterns in eukaryotic cells (NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts), which enabled the identification of nuclear substructures, most likely heterochromatin or nucleoli, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Groß
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cμ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Renée S Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cμ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Mareike Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cμ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cμ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cμ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rajput D, Mahalingavelar P, Soppina V, Kanvah S. Improved lipophilic probe for visualizing lipid droplets in erastin-induced ferroptosis. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8554-8562. [PMID: 37853800 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Studying the viscosity of lipid droplets (LDs) provides insights into various diseases associated with LD viscosity. Ferroptosis is one such process in which LD viscosity increases due to the abnormal accumulation of lipid ROS (reactive oxygen species) caused by peroxidation. For investigating the LD imaging and ferroptosis, we developed two molecules (NNS and DNS) that show significant Stokes shifts (182-232 nm) and utilized them for sub-cellular imaging. Excellent localization is noted with the lipid droplets. Subsequently, DNS was used to monitor the variations in the LD viscosity during erastin-induced ferroptosis followed by ferroptosis inhibition. Additionally, we explored variations in the LD quantity, size, and accumulation when subjected to oleic acid stimulation. Extensive DFT and TDDFT investigations have been employed to understand the effect of NO2 substitution on the linear and branched molecular derivatives. Our results with the improved lipophilic fluorophore, exhibiting excellent colocalization with LDs, offer valuable insights into sensing erastin-induced ferroptosis and have the potential for real-time diagnostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382055, India.
| | | | - Virupakshi Soppina
- Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382055, India.
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382055, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong B, Wang Y, Wei H, Kong X, Li S, Yue T. A D-π-A-π-D type structure-based fluorescent probe for revealing the fluctuations of the ER polarity during ferroptosis. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1275:341571. [PMID: 37524463 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel Fe(II)-mediated oxidative cell death form, and is closely related with endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Exploring the fluctuation of ER polarity during ferroptosis is highly important for the in-depth study of the biological roles of ER in ferroptosis. Herein, we present a ratiometric probe (BNS) for revealing the changes of the ER polarity in the living cells experiencing ferroptosis. BNS employed a D-π-A-π-D type structure as the polarity-sensitive fluorophore, and selected p-toluenesulfonamide as the ER-targeting unit. Theoretical calculations suggested that the response mechanism of BNS to polarity was based on ICT, and two ICT processes appeared when BNS was at excited state. Cell imaging results demonstrated that BNS possessed desirable ER-targeting capability, and erastin-induced ferroptosis could increase the ER polarity of the living cells. Moreover, similarly to vitamin E (VE) and deferoxamine (DFO), dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) could inhibit the changes of the ER polarity during erastin-induced ferroptosis. We expect that the probe could provide a convenient method to rapidly monitor ferroptosis and design novel drugs for the treatment of ferroptosis-relevant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Shijing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Tao Yue
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang X, Zhang S, Lai M, Ji X, Ye Y, Tang J, Liu X, Zhao M. Fluorescent probes for lighting up ferroptotic cell death: A review. Talanta 2023; 260:124628. [PMID: 37149940 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cellular demise, characterized by the accumulation of intracellular oxidative stress that is dependent on iron. Ferroptosis plays a crucial role not only in the development and treatment of tumors but also in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and illnesses related to ischemia-reperfusion injury. This mode of cell death possesses distinctive properties that differentiate it from other forms of cell death, including unique morphological changes at both the cellular and subcellular levels, as well as molecular features that can be detected using specific methods. The use of fluorescent probes has become an invaluable means of detecting ferroptosis, owing to their high sensitivity, real-time in situ monitoring capabilities, and minimal damage to biological samples. This review comprehensively elucidates the physiological mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, while also detailing the development of fluorescent probes capable of detecting ferroptosis-related active species across various cellular compartments, including organelles, the nucleus, and the cell membrane. Additionally, the review explores how the dynamic changes and location of active species from different cellular compartments can influence the ignition and execution of ferroptotic cell death. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and opportunities for imaging ferroptosis. We believe that this review will not only aid in the elucidation of ferroptosis's physiological mechanisms but also facilitate the identification of novel treatment targets and means of accurately diagnosing and treating ferroptosis-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yang
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering&Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering&Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Miao Lai
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering&Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering&Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yong Ye
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Sanmenxia City Company of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company, Sanmenxia, 472000, China
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering&Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fan L, Yang Q, Zan Q, Zhao K, Lu W, Wang X, Wang Y, Shuang S, Dong C. Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Detection of ONOO -, Viscosity, and Polarity and Its Application in Ferroptosis and Cancer Models. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5780-5787. [PMID: 36939176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular peroxynitrite anions (ONOO-) and microenvironments (such as viscosity and polarity) play an important role in maintaining redox homeostasis, regulating diffusion, transportation, and signal transduction in living cells. The abnormality of these factors is often closely related to various physiological/pathological processes. However, owing to the lack of suitable probes, the simultaneous visualization of ONOO-, viscosity, and polarity in ferroptosis and cancer models has not been achieved. To meet urgent needs, we presented a multifunctional near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, named MQA-P, for simultaneously detecting ONOO-, viscosity, and polarity within mitochondria. The probe exhibited a remarkable turn-on response to ONOO- with the far-red emission of about 645 nm and was highly sensitive to viscosity/polarity in the NIR channel with λem > 704 nm. Facilitated by MQA-P, for the first time, we revealed that erastin-induced ferroptosis was accompanied by a significant upregulation of ONOO- and an increase of viscosity (or decrease of polarity) at the same time. Moreover, the concurrent use of ONOO-, viscosity, and polarity for the diagnosis of cancer has been successfully achieved not only at cell/tissue levels but also in tumor mice models. Compared with detecting only one factor, this simultaneous detection of multimarkers provides a more sensitive and reliable method/tool for tracking ferroptosis-related pathological processes and cancer diagnosis, holding great potential in preclinical research, medical diagnosis, and imaging-guided surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zan
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Kunyi Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Shanxi Research Center for Information and Strategy of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Silswal A, Koner AL. Tracking endoplasmic reticulum viscosity during ferroptosis and autophagy using a molecular rotor probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1769-1772. [PMID: 36722395 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06146e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a unique non-apoptotic cell death process associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related diseases. We have designed and synthesized a far-red emitting and ER targetable viscosity-sensitive fluorophore to track ER-phagy. Furthermore, the ER viscosity alteration during the ferroptosis process was investigated via intensity and lifetime-based spectroscopy and microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Silswal
- Bionanotechonlogy Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Apurba Lal Koner
- Bionanotechonlogy Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang K, Jiao Y, Ma Q, Shu W, Xiao H, Zhang T, Liu Y. Construction and Application of a New Polarity‐Sensitive Fluorescent Probe Based on the Excited‐State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Mechanism. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Yawen Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Haibin Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Yuying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|