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Sfragano PS, Reynoso EC, Rojas-Ruíz NE, Laschi S, Rossi G, Buchinger M, Torres E, Palchetti I. A microfluidic card-based electrochemical assay for the detection of sulfonamide resistance genes. Talanta 2024; 271:125718. [PMID: 38301374 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Most electroanalytical detection schemes for DNA markers require considerable time and effort from expert personnel to thoroughly follow the analysis and obtain reliable outcomes. This work aims to present an electrochemical assay performed inside a small card-based platform powered by microfluidic manipulation, requiring minimal human intervention and consumables. The assay couples a sample/signal dual amplification and DNA-modified magnetic particles for the detection of DNA amplification products. Particularly, the sul1 and sul4 genes involved in the resistance against sulfonamide antibiotics were analyzed. As recognized by the World Health Organization, antimicrobial resistance threatens global public health by hampering medication efficacy against infections. Consequently, analytical methods for the determination of such genes in environmental and clinical matrices are imperative. Herein, the resistance genes were extracted from E. coli cells and amplified using an enzyme-assisted isothermal amplification at 37 °C. The amplification products were analyzed in an easily-produced, low-cost, card-based set-up implementing a microfluidic system, demanding limited manual work and small sample volumes. The target amplicon was thus captured and isolated using versatile DNA-modified magnetic beads injected into the microchannel and exposed to the various reagents in a continuously controlled microfluidic flow. After the optimization of the efficiency of each phase of the assay, the platform achieved limits of detections of 44.2 pmol L-1 for sul1 and 48.5 pmol L-1 for sul4, and was able to detect down to ≥500-fold diluted amplification products of sul1 extracted from E. coli living cells in around 1 h, thus enabling numerous end-point analyses with a single amplification reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Canek Reynoso
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Posgrado en Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, 72570, Mexico
| | - Norma Elena Rojas-Ruíz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, 72000, Mexico
| | - Serena Laschi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giulia Rossi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Martin Buchinger
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Eduardo Torres
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, 72570, Mexico.
| | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Marangoni JM, Ng KKS, Emadi A. Strategies for the Voltammetric Detection of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:472. [PMID: 36838172 PMCID: PMC9960872 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is rapidly developing into an important tool for the point-of-use detection of pathogens for both clinical and environmental samples, largely due to its sensitivity, rapidity, and adaptability to portable devices. Many methods are used to monitor LAMP, but not all are amenable to point-of-use applications. Common methods such as fluorescence often require bulky equipment, whereas colorimetric and turbidimetric methods can lack sensitivity. Electrochemical biosensors are becoming increasingly important for these applications due to their potential for low cost, high sensitivity, and capacity for miniaturization into integrated devices. This review provides an overview of the use of voltammetric sensors for monitoring LAMP, with a specific focus on how electroactive species are used to interface between the biochemical products of the LAMP reaction and the voltammetric sensor. Various strategies for the voltammetric detection of DNA amplicons as well as pyrophosphate and protons released during LAMP are presented, ranging from direct DNA binding by electroactive species to the creative use of pyrophosphate-detecting aptamers and pH-sensitive oligonucleotide structures. Hurdles for adapting these devices to point-of-use applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse M. Marangoni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Kenneth K. S. Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Arezoo Emadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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Khumngern S, Jeerapan I. Advances in wearable electrochemical antibody-based sensors for cortisol sensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04577-y. [PMID: 36781449 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is a crucial hormone involving many physiological processes. Hence, cortisol detection is essential. This review highlights the key progress made on wearable electrochemical sensors using antibodies. It covers the design, principle, and electroanalytical methodology for detecting cortisol noninvasively. This article also analyzes and collects the analytical performances of electrochemical cortisol sensors. The development of these sensors continues to face challenges such as biofouling, sample management, sensitivity, flexibility, stability, and recognition layer performance. It is also necessary to develop a sensitive electrode and material. This article also presents potential strategies for designing antibody electrodes and provides examples of sensing systems. Additionally, it discusses the challenges in translating research into practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suntisak Khumngern
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Itthipon Jeerapan
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Kim GR, Hwang JS, Kim JD, Kim YS, Park CY. Electrochemical Gene Amplification Signal Detection of Disposable Biochips Using Electrodes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8624. [PMID: 36433221 PMCID: PMC9693005 DOI: 10.3390/s22228624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), a molecular diagnostic technology, is spotlighted as one of the quickest and fastest diagnostic methods for the actual coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). However, the fluorescent label-based technology of the RT-PCR technique requires expensive equipment and a sample pretreatment process for analysis. Therefore, this paper proposes a biochip based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). In this paper, it was possible to see the change according to the concentration by measuring the impedance with a chip made of two electrodes with different shapes of sample DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyo-Rim Kim
- School of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
- Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Hwang
- School of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
- Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
| | - Jong-Dae Kim
- School of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
- Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
| | - Yu-Seop Kim
- School of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
- Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
| | - Chan-Young Park
- School of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
- Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Korea
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