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Kohler MC, Li F, Dong Z, Amineh RK. Real-Time Nitrate Ion Monitoring with Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Materials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7627. [PMID: 37688083 PMCID: PMC10490648 DOI: 10.3390/s23177627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3) pollution in groundwater, caused by various factors both natural and synthetic, contributes to the decline of human health and well-being. Current techniques used for nitrate detection include spectroscopic, electrochemical, chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. It is highly desired to develop a simple cost-effective alternative to these complex methods for nitrate detection. Therefore, a real-time poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based sensor for nitrate ion detection via electrical property change is introduced in this study. Vapor phase polymerization (VPP) is used to create a polymer thin film. Variations in specific parameters during the process are tested and compared to develop new insights into PEDOT sensitivity towards nitrate ions. Through this study, the optimal fabrication parameters that produce a sensor with the highest sensitivity toward nitrate ions are determined. With the optimized parameters, the electrical resistance response of the sensor to 1000 ppm nitrate solution is 41.79%. Furthermore, the sensors can detect nitrate ranging from 1 ppm to 1000 ppm. The proposed sensor demonstrates excellent potential to detect the overabundance of nitrate ions in aqueous solutions in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Kohler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA;
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Ziqian Dong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, New York, NY 10023, USA;
| | - Reza K. Amineh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, New York, NY 10023, USA;
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2
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Wardak C, Pietrzak K, Morawska K, Grabarczyk M. Ion-Selective Electrodes with Solid Contact Based on Composite Materials: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5839. [PMID: 37447689 DOI: 10.3390/s23135839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Potentiometric sensors are the largest and most commonly used group of electrochemical sensors. Among them, ion-selective electrodes hold a prominent place. Since the end of the last century, their re-development has been observed, which is a consequence of the introduction of solid contact constructions, i.e., electrodes without an internal electrolyte solution. Research carried out in the field of potentiometric sensors primarily focuses on developing new variants of solid contact in order to obtain devices with better analytical parameters, and at the same time cheaper and easier to use, which has been made possible thanks to the achievements of material engineering. This paper presents an overview of new materials used as a solid contact in ion-selective electrodes over the past several years. These are primarily composite and hybrid materials that are a combination of carbon nanomaterials and polymers, as well as those obtained from carbon and polymer nanomaterials in combination with others, such as metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, ionic liquids and many others. Composite materials often have better mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical and chemical properties than the original components. With regard to their use in the construction of ion-selective electrodes, it is particularly important to increase the capacitance and surface area of the material, which makes them more effective in the process of charge transfer between the polymer membrane and the substrate material. This allows to obtain sensors with better analytical and operational parameters. Brief characteristics of electrodes with solid contact, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as research methods used to assess their parameters and analytical usefulness were presented. The work was divided into chapters according to the type of composite material, while the data in the table were arranged according to the type of ion. Selected basic analytical parameters of the obtained electrodes have been collected and summarized in order to better illustrate and compare the achievements that have been described till now in this field of analytical chemistry, which is potentiometry. This comprehensive review is a compendium of knowledge in the research area of functional composite materials and state-of-the-art SC-ISE construction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecylia Wardak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Pietrzak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Morawska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Grabarczyk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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3
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Cu-electrodeposited gold electrode for the sensitive electrokinetic investigations of nitrate reduction and detection of the nitrate ion in acidic medium. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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4
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Kocaarslan A, Kaya K, Jockusch S, Yagci Y. Phenacyl Bromide as a Single‐Component Photoinitiator: Photoinduced Step‐Growth Polymerization of
N
‐Methylpyrrole and
N
‐Methylindole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208845. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azra Kocaarslan
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Center for Photochemical Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul 34469 Turkey
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department King Abdulaziz University 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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Kocaarslan A, Kaya K, Jockusch S, Yagci Y. Phenacyl Bromide as a Single‐Component Photoinitiator: Photoinduced Step‐Growth Polymerization of
N
‐Methylpyrrole and
N
‐Methylindole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azra Kocaarslan
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Center for Photochemical Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul 34469 Turkey
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department King Abdulaziz University 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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6
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Veloz Martínez I, Ek JI, Ahn EC, Sustaita AO. Molecularly imprinted polymers via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer synthesis in sensing and environmental applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9186-9201. [PMID: 35424874 PMCID: PMC8985154 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have shown their potential as artificial and selective receptors for environmental monitoring. These materials can be tailor-made to achieve a specific binding event with a template through a chosen mechanism. They are capable of emulating the recognition capacity of biological receptors with superior stability and versatility of integration in sensing platforms. Commonly, these polymers are produced by traditional free radical bulk polymerization (FRP) which may not be the most suitable for enhancing the intended properties due to the poor imprinting performance. To improve the imprinting technique and the polymer capabilities, controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) has been used to overcome the main drawbacks of FRP. Combining CRP techniques such as RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) with MIP has achieved higher selectivity, sensitivity, and sorption capacity of these polymers when implemented as the transductor element in sensors. The present work focuses on RAFT-MIP design and synthesis strategies to enhance the binding affinities and their implementation in environmental contaminant sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irvin Veloz Martínez
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| | - Jackeline Iturbe Ek
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| | - Ethan C Ahn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Alan O Sustaita
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
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7
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Arifin SNH, Radin Mohamed RMS, Al-Gheethi AA, Wei LC, Yashni G, Fitriani N, Naushad M, Albadarin AB. Modified TiO₂ nanotubes-zeolite composite photocatalyst: Characteristics, microstructure and applicability for degrading triclocarban. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132278. [PMID: 34826939 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study explored the characteristics and effectiveness of modified TiO2 nanotubes with zeolite as a composite photocatalyst (MTNZC) for the degradation of triclocarban (TCC) from the aqueous solution. MTNZC samples have been produced via electrochemical anodisation (ECA) followed by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Three independent factors selected include MTNZC size (0.5-1 cm2), pH (3-10), and irradiation time (10-60 min). The observation revealed that the surface of Ti substrate by the 40 V of anodisation and 3 h of calcination was covered with the array ordered, smooth and optimum elongated nanotubes with average tube length was approximately 5.1 μm. EDS analysis proved the presence of Si, Mg, Al, and Na on MTNZC due to the chemical composition present in the zeolite. The average crystallite size of TiO₂ nanotubes increased from 2.07 to 3.95 nm by increasing anodisation voltage (10, 40, and 60 V) followed by 450 °C of calcination for 1, 3, and 6 h, respectively. The optimisation by RSM shows the F-value (36.12), the p-value of all responses were less than 0.0001, and the 95% confidence level of the model by all the responses indicated the model was significant. The R2 in the range of 0.9433-0.9906 showed the suitability of the model to represent the actual relationship among the parameters. The photocatalytic degradation rate of TCC from the first and the fifth cycles were 94.2 and 77.4%, indicating the applicability of MTNZC to be used for several cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Hidayah Arifin
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Adel Ali Al-Gheethi
- Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Lai Chin Wei
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute of Postgraduate Studies (IPS), University of Malaya, 3rd Floor, Block A, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - G Yashni
- School of Applied Science, Faculty of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nilai University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nurina Fitriani
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Jl.Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mu Naushad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad B Albadarin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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8
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A simple diaminomaleonitrile based molecular probe for selective detection of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions in semi-aqueous medium. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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10
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Sensitive and selective nitrite assay based on fluorescent gold nanoclusters and Fe2+/Fe3+ redox reaction. Food Chem 2020; 317:126456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Pietrzak K, Wardak C, Łyszczek R. Solid Contact Nitrate Ion‐selective Electrode Based on Cobalt(II) Complex with 4,7‐Diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pietrzak
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityFaculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis Marie Curie-Sklodowska Square 3 20-031 Lublin Poland
| | - Cecylia Wardak
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityFaculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis Marie Curie-Sklodowska Square 3 20-031 Lublin Poland
| | - Renata Łyszczek
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityFaculty of Chemistry, Department of General and Coordination Chemistry Marie Curie-Sklodowska Square 2 20-031 Lublin Poland
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12
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Msaadi R, Yilmaz G, Allushi A, Hamadi S, Ammar S, Chehimi MM, Yagci Y. Highly Selective Copper Ion Imprinted Clay/Polymer Nanocomposites Prepared by Visible Light Initiated Radical Photopolymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E286. [PMID: 30960270 PMCID: PMC6419237 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent demand worldwide for the development of highly selective adsorbents and sensors of heavy metal ions and other organic pollutants. Within these environmental and public health frameworks, we are combining the salient features of clays and chelatant polymers to design selective metal ion adsorbents. Towards this end, the ion imprinting approach has been used to develop a novel nanohybrid material for the selective separation of Cu2+ ions in an aqueous solution. The Cu2+-imprinted polymer/montmorillonite (IIP/Mt) and non-imprinted polymer/montmorillonite (NIP/Mt) nanocomposites were prepared by a radical photopolymerization process in visible light. The ion imprinting step was indeed important as the recognition of copper ions by IIP/Mt was significantly superior to that of NIP/Mt, i.e., the reference nanocomposite synthesized in the same way but in the absence of Cu2+ ions. The adsorption process as batch study was investigated under the experimental condition affecting same parameters such as contact time, concentration of metal ions, and pH. The adsorption capacity of Cu2+ ions is maximized at pH 5. Removal of Cu2+ ion achieved equilibrium within 15 min; the results obtained were found to be fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The equilibrium process was well described by the Langmuir isothermal model and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 23.6 mg/g. This is the first report on the design of imprinted polymer nanocomposites using Type II radical initiators under visible light in the presence of clay intercalated with hydrogen donor diazonium. The method is original, simple and efficient; it opens up new horizons in the general domain of clay/polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Msaadi
- Faculté des Sciences, Unité de Recherche Électrochimie, Matériaux et Environnement UREME (UR17ES45), Université de Gabès, 6000 Gabès, Tunisia.
| | - Gorkem Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Maslak, IstanbulTechnical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Andrit Allushi
- Department of Chemistry, Maslak, IstanbulTechnical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sena Hamadi
- ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, Université Paris Est, F-94320 Thiais, France.
| | - Salah Ammar
- Faculté des Sciences, Unité de Recherche Électrochimie, Matériaux et Environnement UREME (UR17ES45), Université de Gabès, 6000 Gabès, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed M Chehimi
- ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, Université Paris Est, F-94320 Thiais, France.
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Maslak, IstanbulTechnical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
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FUKAO Y, KITAZUMI Y, KANO K, SHIRAI O. Construction of Nitrate-selective Electrodes and Monitoring of Nitrates in Hydroponic Solutions. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:1373-1377. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko FUKAO
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
| | - Yuki KITAZUMI
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
| | - Kenji KANO
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
| | - Osamu SHIRAI
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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14
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Schwarz J, Trommer K, Mertig M. Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on Graphite Paste for Potentiometric Nitrate and Ammonium Determinations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2018.912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Rudd S, Dalton M, Buss P, Treijs A, Portmann M, Ktoris N, Evans D. Selective uptake and sensing of nitrate in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). Sci Rep 2017; 7:16581. [PMID: 29185502 PMCID: PMC5707362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) as a nutrient, in the form of nitrate (NO3-), is essential for plant growth. Chemical fertilizers are used to increase crop yields, but overuse can lead to forms of environmental pollution necessitating methods to detect and monitor the level of NO3- in-situ in agricultural soils. Herein we report for the first time the NO3- selectivity of the inherently conducting polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). This selectivity occurs when PEDOT thin films are exposed to an aqueous environment containing not only NO3-, but a mixture of other ions present in concentrations (ppm) typical of real agricultural soil. The PEDOT sensitivity to absorb NO3- from solution is determined to be <1 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Rudd
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Michael Dalton
- Sentek Pty Ltd, Stepney, South Australia, 5069, Australia
| | - Peter Buss
- Sentek Pty Ltd, Stepney, South Australia, 5069, Australia
| | - Amanda Treijs
- Sentek Pty Ltd, Stepney, South Australia, 5069, Australia
| | | | - Nick Ktoris
- Sentek Pty Ltd, Stepney, South Australia, 5069, Australia
| | - Drew Evans
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia.
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