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High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography-Densitometry-Tandem ESI-MS to Evaluate Phospholipid Content in Exosomes of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031150. [PMID: 35163074 PMCID: PMC8835402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The question of whether exosome lipids can be considered as potential cancer biomarkers faces our current limited knowledge of their composition. This is due to the difficulty in isolating pure exosomes, the variability of the biological sources from which they are extracted, and the uncertainty of the methods for lipid characterization. Here, we present a procedure to isolate exosomes and obtain a deep, repeatable, and rapid phospholipid (PL) composition of their lipid extracts, from embryonic murine fibroblasts (NIH-3T3 cell line) and none (B16-F1) and high (B16-F10) metastatic murine skin melanoma cells. The analytical method is based on High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography with Ultraviolet and fluorescence densitometry and coupled to Electrospray (ESI)-tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS). Under the conditions described in this work, separation and determination of PL classes, (sphingomyelins, SM; phosphatidylcholines, PC; phosphatidylserines, PS; and phosphatidylethanolamines, PE) were achieved, expressed as µg PL/100 µg exosome protein, obtained by bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA). A detailed structural characterization of molecular species of each PL class was performed by simultaneous positive and negative ESI-MS and MS/MS directly from the chromatographic plate, thanks to an elution-based interface.
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2
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Cebolla VL, Jarne C, Vela J, Garriga R, Membrado L, Galbán J. Scanning densitometry and mass spectrometry for HPTLC analysis of lipids: The last 10 years. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1866600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Jarne
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Vela
- Departamento de Química Analítica, EINA, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosa Garriga
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Membrado
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Galbán
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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3
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Jarne C, Membrado L, Savirón M, Vela J, Orduna J, Garriga R, Galbán J, Cebolla VL. Globotriaosylceramide-related biomarkers of fabry disease identified in plasma by high-performance thin-layer chromatography - densitometry- mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1638:461895. [PMID: 33477028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Identification of 19 molecular species of globotriaosylceramides (Gb3) in extracts from a Fabry's plasma patient and a healthy control was performed by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)-densitometry and online coupling to Mass Spectrometry (MS). Separation was carried out on LiChrospher plates using Automated Multiple Development (AMD). Densitometry was performed on twin plates by combining detection in the visible at 550 nm, through previous on-plate orcinol derivatization, and by Ultraviolet 190 nm, using a non-impregnated plate. The latter was directly coupled to an ion-trap mass spectrometer through an automated elution-based interface. Gb3 molecular species, which were identified by HPTLC- Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (+)-MS and confirmed by MS/MS or HPTLC-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (+)-MS, are: five isoforms of saturated Gb3; seven isoforms of methylated Gb3; and seven species with two additional double bonds. Twelve of these species were previously reported as biomarkers of Fabry's lysosomal disorder using a Liquid Chromatography-MS-based method, and the other seven are structurally similar, closely related to them. Saturated Gb3 isoforms migrated on LiChrospher plate in one of the separated peaks corresponding to the migration zone of ceramide trihexosides standard. Instead, methylated and unsaturated Gb3 species co-migrated with sphingomyelin species. Ion intensity ESI-MS profiles show that saturated Gb3 species in Fabry's plasma were in higher concentration than in control sample. Before applying the Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC)-MS interface on HPTLC separated peaks, its positioning precision was first studied using ceramide tri-hexosides as model compound. This provided information on Gb3 peak broadening and splitting during its migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Jarne
- Instituto de Carboquímica, CSIC, C/ Miguel Luesma, 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Membrado
- Instituto de Carboquímica, CSIC, C/ Miguel Luesma, 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Savirón
- CEQMA-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Vela
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Orduna
- CEQMA-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosa Garriga
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química-Física, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Spain
| | - Javier Galbán
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vicente L Cebolla
- Instituto de Carboquímica, CSIC, C/ Miguel Luesma, 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Sherma J, Rabel F. Review of advances in planar chromatography-mass spectrometry published in the period 2015–2019. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1725561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sherma
- Department of Chemistry, Lafayette College, Easton, PA, USA
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5
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Al-Daghri NM, Torretta E, Barbacini P, Asare H, Ricci C, Capitanio D, Guerini FR, Sabico SB, Alokail MS, Clerici M, Gelfi C. Sphingolipid serum profiling in vitamin D deficient and dyslipidemic obese dimorphic adults. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16664. [PMID: 31723209 PMCID: PMC6853956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on Saudi Arabians indicate a prevalence of dyslipidemia and vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D) in both normal weight and obese subjects. In the present study the sphingolipid pattern was investigated in 23 normolipidemic normal weight (NW), 46 vitamin D deficient dyslipidemic normal weight (-vitDNW) and 60 vitamin D deficient dyslipidemic obese (-vitDO) men and women by HPTLC-primuline profiling and LC-MS analyses. Results indicate higher levels of total ceramide (Cer) and dihydroceramide (dhCers C18–22) and lower levels of total sphingomyelins (SMs) and dihydrosphingomyelin (dhSM) not only in -vitDO subjects compared to NW, but also in –vitDNW individuals. A dependency on body mass index (BMI) was observed analyzing specific Cer acyl chains levels. Lower levels of C20 and 24 were observed in men and C24.2 in women, respectively. Furthermore, LC-MS analyses display dimorphic changes in NW, -vitDNW and –vitDO subjects. In conclusion, LC-MS data identify the independency of the axis high Cers, dhCers and SMs from obesity per se. Furthermore, it indicates that long chains Cers levels are specific target of weight gain and that circulating Cer and SM levels are linked to sexual dimorphism status and can contribute to predict obese related co-morbidities in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Pietro Barbacini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Hannah Asare
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa
| | - Cristian Ricci
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa
| | - Daniele Capitanio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Segrate-Milano, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Shaun B Sabico
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milano, Italy.,Department of Physiopathology and Transplants, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Segrate-Milano, Italy. .,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy.
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Jones AD, Boundy-Mills KL, Barla GF, Kumar S, Ubanwa B, Balan V. Microbial Lipid Alternatives to Plant Lipids. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1995:1-32. [PMID: 31148119 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9484-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are in high demand in food production, nutritional supplements, detergents, lubricants, and biofuels. Different oil seeds produced from plants are conventionally extracted to yield lipids. With increasing population and reduced availability of cultivable land, conventional methods of producing lipids alone will not satisfy increasing demand. Lipids produced using different microbial sources are considered as sustainable alternative to plant derived lipids. Various microorganisms belonging to the genera of algae, bacteria, yeast, fungi, or marine-derived microorganisms such as thraustochytrids possess the ability to accumulate lipids in their cells. A variety of microbial production technologies are being used to cultivate these organisms under specific conditions using agricultural residues as carbon source to be cost competitive with plant derived lipids. Microbial oils, also known as single cell oils, have many advantages when compared with plant derived lipids, such as shorter life cycle, less labor required, season and climate independence, no use of arable land and ease of scale-up. In this chapter we compare the lipids derived from plants and different microorganisms. We also highlight various analytical techniques that are being used to characterize the lipids produced in oleaginous organisms and their applications in various processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daniel Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kyria L Boundy-Mills
- Phaff Yeast Culture Collection, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - G Florin Barla
- Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- Tyton Biosciences, Danville, VA, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Bryan Ubanwa
- Department of Engineering Technology, Biotechnology Program, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Department of Engineering Technology, Biotechnology Program, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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B Gowda SG, Ikeda K, Arita M. Facile determination of sphingolipids under alkali condition using metal-free column by LC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:4793-4803. [PMID: 29740670 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extraction and analysis of sphingolipids from biological samples is a critical step in lipidomics, especially for minor species such as sphingoid bases and sphingosine-1-phosphate. Although several liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods enabling the determination of sphingolipid molecular species have been reported, they were limited in analytical sensitivity and reproducibility by causing significant peak tailing, especially by the presence of phosphate groups, and most of the extraction techniques are laborious and do not cover a broad range of sphingolipid metabolites. In this study, we developed a rapid single-phase extraction and highly sensitive analytical method for the detection and quantification of sphingolipids (including phosphates) comprehensively using liquid chromatography-triple quadruple mass spectrometry. After validating the reliability of the method, we analyzed the intestinal tissue sphingolipids of germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice and found significantly higher levels of free sphingoid bases and sphingosine-1-phosphate in the GF condition as compared to the SPF condition. This method enables a rapid extraction and highly sensitive determination of sphingolipids comprehensively at low femtomolar ranges. Graphical abstract Diagrammatic comparision of sphingolipid (phosphates) analysis between conventional and this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. .,Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. .,Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0011, Japan.
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8
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Jurowski K, Kochan K, Walczak J, Barańska M, Piekoszewski W, Buszewski B. Analytical Techniques in Lipidomics: State of the Art. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2017; 47:418-437. [PMID: 28340309 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2017.1310613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current studies related to lipid identification and determination, or lipidomics in biological samples, are one of the most important issues in modern bioanalytical chemistry. There are many articles dedicated to specific analytical strategies used in lipidomics in various kinds of biological samples. However, in such literature, there is a lack of articles dedicated to a comprehensive review of the actual analytical methodologies used in lipidomics. The aim of this article is to characterize the lipidomics methods used in modern bioanalysis according to the methodological point of view: (1) chromatography/separation methods, (2) spectroscopic methods and (3) mass spectrometry and also hyphenated methods. In the first part, we discussed thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The second part includes spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy (RS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The third part is a synthetic review of mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), hyphenated methods, which include liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and also multidimensional techniques. Other aspects are the possibilities of the application of the described methods in lipidomics studies. Due to the fact that the exploration of new methods of lipidomics analysis and their applications in clinical and medical studies are still challenging for researchers working in life science, we hope that this review article will be very useful for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- a Kraków Higher School of Health Promotion , Krakow , Poland
| | - Kamila Kochan
- b Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET) , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland.,c Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Justyna Walczak
- d Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics , Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Torun , Poland
| | - Małgorzata Barańska
- b Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET) , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland.,e Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland
| | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- f Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland.,g School of Biomedicine , Far Eastern Federal University , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- d Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics , Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Torun , Poland
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Enhancement of human plasma glucosylceramide assay sensitivity using delipidized plasma. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 8:77-9. [PMID: 27547732 PMCID: PMC4978213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramide (GL-1) level in human has been considered as a surrogate biomarker for enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapies (ERT and SRT) for Gaucher and Fabry patients. Due to the high endogenous level of GL-1 in human plasma, it is difficult to achieve the analytical sensitivity of plasma GL-1 below the normal endogenous level (1.7 μg/mL to 6.6 μg/mL) when using the standard addition method and regular plasma matrix for standard curve. A high sensitivity plasma GL-1 assay with LLOQ at 0.1 μg/mL was developed and validated using delipidized plasma so that patient plasma concentrations that are below normal reference range can be measured accurately. The normal reference range was established from 120 healthy donors using this developed new method. Twenty-three Fabry patient plasma samples including baseline and post-investigation drug treatment samples were measured. All post-treatment samples showed GL-1 concentration below 2.0 μg/mL, indicating the utility of the reported high sensitivity assay using delipidized plasma for monitoring the plasma GL-1 biomarker level in patients.
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Torretta E, Fania C, Vasso M, Gelfi C. HPTLC-MALDI MS for (glyco)sphingolipid multiplexing in tissues and blood: A promising strategy for biomarker discovery and clinical applications. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2036-49. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Milan Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato; Piazza Edmondo Malan; San Donato Milanese Milan Italy
| | - Chiara Fania
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato; Piazza Edmondo Malan; San Donato Milanese Milan Italy
| | - Michele Vasso
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM); CNR Milan Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Milan Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato; Piazza Edmondo Malan; San Donato Milanese Milan Italy
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