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Wen B, Zhu H, Xu J, Xu L, Huang Y. NMDA Receptors Regulate Oxidative Damage in Keratinocytes during Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in HaCaT Cells and Male Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:244. [PMID: 38397842 PMCID: PMC10886417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), a type of primary chronic pain, occurs following trauma or systemic disease and typically affects the limbs. CRPS-induced pain responses result in vascular, cutaneous, and autonomic nerve alterations, seriously impacting the quality of life of affected individuals. We previously identified the involvement of keratinocyte N-methyl-d-asparagic acid (NMDA) receptor subunit 2 B (NR2B) in both peripheral and central sensitizations in CRPS, although the mechanisms whereby NR2B functions following activation remain unclear. Using an in vivo male rat model of chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) and an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model, we discovered that oxidative injury occurs in rat keratinocytes and HaCaT cells, resulting in reduced cell viability, mitochondrial damage, oxidative damage of nucleotides, and increased apoptosis. In HaCaT cells, OGD/R induced increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and disrupted the balance between oxidation and antioxidation by regulating a series of antioxidant genes. The activation of NMDA receptors via NMDA exacerbated these changes, whereas the inhibition of the NR2B subunit alleviated them. Co-administration of ifenprodil (an NR2B antagonist) and NMDA (an NMDA receptor agonist) during the reoxygenation stage did not result in any significant alterations. Furthermore, intraplantar injection of ifenprodil effectively reversed the altered gene expression that was observed in male CPIP rats, thereby revealing the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of peripheral ifenprodil administration in CRPS. Collectively, our findings indicate that keratinocytes undergo oxidative injury in CRPS, with NMDA receptors playing regulatory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (B.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (B.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jijun Xu
- Department of Pain Management, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (B.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yuguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (B.W.); (H.Z.)
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An Y, Wang H, Gao A, Li S, Yang J, Li B, Lu H. Effects of Sophora alopecuroides in a High-Concentrate Diet on the Liver Immunity and Antioxidant Function of Lambs According to Transcriptome Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:182. [PMID: 38254353 PMCID: PMC10812488 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Sophora alopecuroides (SA) on liver function, liver inflammatory factor levels, antioxidant indexes and transcriptome in sheep. Twenty-four 3-month-old healthy Dumont hybrid lambs weighing 25.73 ± 2.17 kg were randomly divided into three groups: C1 (the control group), fed a concentrate-to-forage ratio of 50:50; H2 (the high-concentration group), fed a concentrate-to-forage ratio of 70:30; and S3 (the SA group), fed a concentrate-to-forage ratio of 70:30 + 0.1% SA. The results showed that the rumen pH values of the C1 and S3 groups were significant or significantly higher than that of the H2 group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The serum ALT, AST and LDH activities and the LPS and LBP concentrations in the sheep serum and liver in the H2 group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the C1 and S3 groups (p < 0.01), and the IL-10 content and SOD, GPX-PX and T-AOC activities showed the opposite trend (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, which are closely related to immune and antioxidant functions (p-adjust < 0.1). In summary, SA could improve the immune and antioxidant functions of lamb livers under high-concentrate conditions and regulate the mechanism of damage on sheep livers, which is caused by high-concentrate diets and through the expression of related genes in the ECM/FAs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen An
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.A.); (S.L.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hairong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.A.); (S.L.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Aiwu Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
| | - Shufang Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.A.); (S.L.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Jinli Yang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.A.); (S.L.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Boyang Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.A.); (S.L.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Henan Lu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.A.); (S.L.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (H.L.)
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Pierfelice TV, Lazarevic M, Mitic D, Nikolic N, Radunovic M, Iezzi G, Piattelli A, Milasin J. Red Light and 5% Aminolaevulinic Acid (5%) Inhibit Proliferation and Migration of Dysplastic Oral Keratinocytes via ROS Production: An In Vitro Study. Gels 2023; 9:604. [PMID: 37623059 PMCID: PMC10453269 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Undiagnosed and untreated oral precancerous lesions often progress into malignancies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) might be a minimally invasive alternative to conventional treatments. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is one of the most commonly used photosensitizers in PDT, and it is effective on many cancer types. However, its hydrophilic characteristic limits cell membrane crossing. In the present study, the effect of a newly formulated gel containing 5% 5-ALA in combination with red light (ALAD-PDT) on a premalignant oral mucosa cell line was investigated. The dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) cells were incubated with ALAD at different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM) at two different times, 45 min or 4 h, and then irradiated for 7 min with a 630 nm LED (25 J/cm2). MTT assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed. ALAD-PDT exerted inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of DOK cells by inducing ROS and necrosis. mRNA analysis showed modulation of apoptosis-related genes' expression (TP53, Bcl-2, survivin, caspase-3, and caspase-9). Furthermore, there was no difference between the shorter and longer incubation times. In conclusion, the inhibitory effect of the ALAD-PDT protocol observed in this study suggests that ALAD-PDT could be a promising novel treatment for oral precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Vanessa Pierfelice
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.V.P.); (G.I.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Milos Lazarevic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.L.); (D.M.); (N.N.); (J.M.)
| | - Dijana Mitic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.L.); (D.M.); (N.N.); (J.M.)
| | - Nadja Nikolic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.L.); (D.M.); (N.N.); (J.M.)
| | - Milena Radunovic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Giovanna Iezzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.V.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Facultad de Medicina, UCAM Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Jelena Milasin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.L.); (D.M.); (N.N.); (J.M.)
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