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Lee JH, Han JP. In vivo LNP-CRISPR Approaches for the Treatment of Hemophilia. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:239-248. [PMID: 38538969 PMCID: PMC11068834 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-024-00705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in coagulation factor VIII (hemophilia A) or IX (hemophilia B) genes resulting in blood clotting disorders. Despite advances in therapies, such as recombinant proteins and products with extended half-lives, the treatment of hemophilia still faces two major limitations: the short duration of therapeutic effect and production of neutralizing antibodies against clotting factors (inhibitor). To overcome these limitations, new hemophilia treatment strategies have been established such as gene therapy, bispecific antibody, and rebalancing therapy. Although these strategies have shown promising results, it is difficult to achieve a permanent therapeutic effect. Advances in the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology have allowed sustainable treatment by correcting mutated genes. Since genome editing generates irreversible changes in host genome, safety must be ensured by delivering target organs. Therefore, the delivery tool of the CRISPR system is crucial for safe, accurate, and efficient genome editing. Recently, non-viral vector lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as safer tools for delivering CRISPR systems than other viral vectors. Several previous hemophilia pre-clinical studies using LNP-CRISPR showed that sufficient and sustainable therapeutic effects, which means that LNP-CRISPR-mediated genome-editing therapy can be a valid option for the treatment of hemophilia. In this paper, we summarize the latest advancements in the successful treatment of hemophilia and the potential of CRISPR-mediated genome-editing therapy using LNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyeon Lee
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-ro, Daewha, Pyeongchang, 25354, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Jeong Pil Han
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-ro, Daewha, Pyeongchang, 25354, Gangwon, Korea.
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2
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Zhang Y, Gu X, Huang L, Yang Y, He J. Enhancing precision medicine: Bispecific antibody-mediated targeted delivery of lipid nanoparticles for potential cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123990. [PMID: 38467208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The precise delivery of therapeutic agents to specific cell populations, including cancer cells, remains a target in modern medicine, to enhance treatment efficacy, while minimizing unintended side effects. This study presents a strategy utilizing bispecific antibodies for the targeted delivery of nucleic acid drugs to the surface of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)-overexpressing cancer cells. Strong binding affinity of the bispecific antibodies to GRP78-overexpressing cancer cells, including HEPG2 cells, confirmed the tumor-targeting potential of this platform. Functional analyses demonstrated the role of the bispecific antibodies in enhancing lipid nanoparticle (LNP) uptake, causing increased gene expression levels of nucleic acid drugs loaded within LNPs. In vivo imaging confirmed the potency of the bispecific-antibody-modified LNPs in delivering nucleic acid drugs to tumors and sustaining therapeutic expression levels. In vivo therapy results indicated that the bispecific antibodies improved the antitumor activity of PE38-loaded LNPs in tumors overexpressing surface GRP78. This study pioneered a bispecific-antibody-centered platform for the targeted delivery of nucleic acid drugs. The robust antigen-antibody binding affinity, tumor-selective interactions, enhanced cellular uptake, and proficient gene expression promise to advance precision therapeutics in oncology. Continued refinement and translation of this drug delivery strategy are important to unlock its full clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- National Advanced Medical Engineering Research Center, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Gu
- National Advanced Medical Engineering Research Center, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lili Huang
- National Advanced Medical Engineering Research Center, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yani Yang
- National Advanced Medical Engineering Research Center, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jun He
- National Advanced Medical Engineering Research Center, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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3
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Moitra P, Skrodzki D, Molinaro M, Gunaseelan N, Sar D, Aditya T, Dahal D, Ray P, Pan D. Context-Responsive Nanoparticle Derived from Synthetic Zwitterionic Ionizable Phospholipids in Targeted CRISPR/Cas9 Therapy for Basal-like Breast Cancer. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9199-9220. [PMID: 38466962 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The majority of triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs), which tend to be more aggressive, proliferate rapidly, and have poor clinical outcomes. A key prognostic biomarker and regulator of BLBC is the Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) transcription factor. However, because of its functional placement inside the cell nucleus and its structural similarity with other related proteins, targeting FOXC1 for therapeutic benefit, particularly for BLBC, continues to be difficult. We envision targeted nonviral delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid toward the efficacious knockdown of FOXC1. Keeping in mind the challenges associated with the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in vivo, including off-targeting modifications, and effective release of the cargo, a nanoparticle with context responsive properties can be designed for efficient targeted delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid. Consequently, we have designed, synthesized, and characterized a zwitterionic amino phospholipid-derived transfecting nanoparticle for delivery of CRISPR/Cas9. The construct becomes positively charged only at low pH, which encourages membrane instability and makes it easier for nanoparticles to exit endosomes. This has enabled effective in vitro and in vivo downregulation of protein expression and genome editing. Following this, we have used EpCAM aptamer to make the system targeted toward BLBC cell lines and to reduce its off-target toxicity. The in vivo efficacy, biodistribution, preliminary pharmacokinetics, and biosafety of the optimized targeted CRISPR nanoplatform is then validated in a rodent xenograft model. Overall, we have attempted to knockout the proto-oncogenic FOXC1 expression in BLBC cases by efficient delivery of CRISPR effectors via a context-responsive nanoparticle delivery system derived from a designer lipid derivative. We believe that the nonviral approach for in vitro and in vivo delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 targeted toward FOXC1, studied herein, will greatly emphasize the therapeutic regimen for BLBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre of Blood Oxygen Transport & Hemostasis, University of Maryland-Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - David Skrodzki
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre of Blood Oxygen Transport & Hemostasis, University of Maryland-Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Matthew Molinaro
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Nivetha Gunaseelan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Dinabandhu Sar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Teresa Aditya
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Dipendra Dahal
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre of Blood Oxygen Transport & Hemostasis, University of Maryland-Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Priyanka Ray
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore County, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre of Blood Oxygen Transport & Hemostasis, University of Maryland-Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore County, Maryland 21250, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, 101 Huck Life Sciences Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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García-Cambrón JB, Cerriteño-Sánchez JL, Lara-Romero R, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Blancas-Flores G, Sánchez-Gaytán BL, Herrera-Camacho I, Cuevas-Romero JS. Development of Glycyrrhizinic Acid-Based Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP-GA) as An Adjuvant That Improves the Immune Response to Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Spike Recombinant Protein. Viruses 2024; 16:431. [PMID: 38543796 PMCID: PMC10974312 DOI: 10.3390/v16030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has affected the pork industry worldwide and during outbreaks the mortality of piglets has reached 100%. Lipid nanocarriers are commonly used in the development of immunostimulatory particles due to their biocompatibility and slow-release delivery properties. In this study, we developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) complex based on glycyrrhizinic acid (GA) and tested its efficacy as an adjuvant in mice immunized with the recombinant N-terminal domain (NTD) of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike (S) protein (rNTD-S). The dispersion stability analysis (Z-potential -27.6 mV) confirmed the size and charge stability of the LNP-GA, demonstrating that the particles were homogeneously dispersed and strongly anionic, which favors nanoparticles binding with the rNTD-S protein, which showed a slightly positive charge (2.11 mV) by in silico analysis. TEM image of LNP-GA revealed nanostructures with a spherical-bilayer lipid vesicle (~100 nm). The immunogenicity of the LNP-GA-rNTD-S complex induced an efficient humoral response 14 days after the first immunization (p < 0.05) as well as an influence on the cellular immune response by decreasing serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations, which was associated with an anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Bryan García-Cambrón
- Programa de Doctorado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09089, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Cerriteño-Sánchez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
| | - Rocío Lara-Romero
- Programa de Estancia Posdoctoral, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - David Quintanar-Guerrero
- División de Estudios de Posgrado (Tecnología Farmacéutica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México 54740, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo Blancas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09089, Mexico;
| | - Brenda L. Sánchez-Gaytán
- Centro de Química ICUAP, Laboratorio de Bioinorgánica Aplicada, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72592, Mexico;
| | - Irma Herrera-Camacho
- Centro de Química ICUAP, Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio IC7, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72592, Mexico;
| | - Julieta Sandra Cuevas-Romero
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
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Spasovski V, Romolo A, Zagorc U, Arrigler V, Kisovec M, Bedina Zavec A, Arko M, Molnár A, Schlosser G, Iglič A, Kogej K, Kralj-Iglič V. Characterization of Nanohybridosomes from Lipids and Spruce Homogenate Containing Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1709-1721. [PMID: 38410418 PMCID: PMC10896108 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s432836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lipid nanovesicles associated with bioactive phytochemicals from spruce needle homogenate (here called nano-sized hybridosomes or nanohybridosomes, NSHs) were considered. Methods We formed NSHs by mixing appropriate amounts of lecithin, glycerol and supernatant of isolation of extracellular vesicles from spruce needle homogenate. We visualized NSHs by light microscopy and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and assessed them by flow cytometry, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy, interferometric light microscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results We found that the particles consisted of a bilayer membrane and a fluid-like interior. Flow cytometry and interferometric light microscopy measurements showed that the majority of the particles were nano-sized. Dynamic light scattering and interferometric light microscopy measurements agreed well on the average hydrodynamic radius of the particles Rh (between 140 and 180 nm), while the concentrations of the particles were in the range between 1013 and 1014/mL indicating that NSHs present a considerable (more than 25%) of the sample which is much more than the yield of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) from spruce needle homogenate (estimated less than 1%). Spruce specific lipids and proteins were found in hybridosomes. Discussion Simple and low-cost preparation method, non-demanding saving process and efficient formation procedure suggest that large-scale production of NSHs from lipids and spruce needle homogenate is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Spasovski
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anna Romolo
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Physics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urška Zagorc
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Arrigler
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matic Kisovec
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Apolonija Bedina Zavec
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matevž Arko
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Adrienn Molnár
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gitta Schlosser
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aleš Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Physics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Kogej
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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6
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Hii ARK, Qi X, Wu Z. Advanced strategies for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and applications in gene editing, therapy, and cancer detection using nanoparticles and nanocarriers. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1467-1489. [PMID: 38288550 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01850d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the deadliest diseases, and is characterised by the uncontrolled growth of modified human cells. Unlike infectious diseases, cancer does not originate from foreign agents. Though a variety of diagnostic procedures are available; their cost-effectiveness and accessibility create significant hurdles. Non-specific cancer symptoms further complicate early detection, leading to belated recognition of certain cancer. The lack of reliable biomarkers hampers effective treatment, as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery often result in poor outcomes and high recurrence rates. Genetic and epigenetic mutations play a crucial role in cancer pathogenesis, necessitating the development of alternate treatment methods. The advent of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has transformed molecular biology and exhibits potential for gene modification and therapy in various cancer types. Nonetheless, obstacles such as safe transport, off-target consequences, and potency must be overcome before widespread clinical use. Notably, this review delves into the multifaceted landscape of cancer research, highlighting the pivotal role of nanoparticles in advancing CRISPR/Cas9-based cancer interventions. By addressing the challenges associated with cancer diagnosis and treatment, this integrated approach paves the way for innovative solutions and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaole Qi
- Industrial Technology Innovation Platform, Zhejiang Center for Safety Study of Drug Substances, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, 310018, Nanjing, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenghong Wu
- Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, P. R. China.
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Mohammadian Farsani A, Mokhtari N, Nooraei S, Bahrulolum H, Akbari A, Farsani ZM, Khatami S, Ebadi MS, Ahmadian G. Lipid nanoparticles: The game-changer in CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24606. [PMID: 38288017 PMCID: PMC10823087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and programmable nucleases to make precise modifications to genetic material, has provided enormous opportunities to advance biomedical research and promote human health. However, limited transfection efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9 poses a substantial challenge, hindering its wide adoption for genetic modification. Recent advancements in nanoparticle technology, specifically lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), offer promising opportunities for targeted drug delivery. LNPs are becoming popular as a means of delivering therapeutics, including those based on nucleic acids and mRNA. Notably, certain LNPs, such as Polyethylene glycol-phospholipid-modified cationic lipid nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles, exhibit remarkable potential for efficient CRISPR-Cas9 delivery as a gene editing instrument. This review will introduce the molecular mechanisms and diverse applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system, current strategies for delivering CRISPR/Cas9-based tools, the advantage of LNPs for CRISPR-Cas9 delivery, an overview of strategies for overcoming off-target genome editing, and approaches for improving genome targeting and tissue targeting. We will also highlight current developments and recent clinical trials for the delivery of CRISPR/Cas9. Finally, future directions for overcoming the limitations and adaptation of this technology for clinical trials will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Mohammadian Farsani
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Mokhtari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi Univesity, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saghi Nooraei
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Howra Bahrulolum
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zoheir Mohammadian Farsani
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedmoein Khatami
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh sadat Ebadi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ahmadian
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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8
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Chen H, Wang YD, Blan AW, Almanza-Fuerte EP, Bonkowski ES, Bajpai R, Pruett-Miller SM, Mefford HC. Patient derived model of UBA5-associated encephalopathy identifies defects in neurodevelopment and highlights potential therapies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.25.577254. [PMID: 38328212 PMCID: PMC10849720 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.25.577254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
UBA5 encodes for the E1 enzyme of the UFMylation cascade, which plays an essential role in ER homeostasis. The clinical phenotypes of UBA5-associated encephalopathy include developmental delays, epilepsy and intellectual disability. To date, there is no humanized neuronal model to study the cellular and molecular consequences of UBA5 pathogenic variants. We developed and characterized patient-derived cortical organoid cultures and identified defects in GABAergic interneuron development. We demonstrated aberrant neuronal firing and microcephaly phenotypes in patient-derived organoids. Mechanistically, we show that ER homeostasis is perturbed along with exacerbated unfolded protein response pathway in cells and organoids expressing UBA5 pathogenic variants. We also assessed two gene expression modalities that augmented UBA5 expression to rescue aberrant molecular and cellular phenotypes. Our study provides a novel humanized model that allows further investigations of UBA5 variants in the brain and highlights novel systemic approaches to alleviate cellular aberrations for this rare, developmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Chen
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
| | - Aidan W. Blan
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Edith P. Almanza-Fuerte
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Emily S. Bonkowski
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Richa Bajpai
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
| | - Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis TN, USA
| | - Heather C. Mefford
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Nguyen TN, Kumari S, Sillman S, Chaudhari J, Lai DC, Vu HLX. A Single-Dose Intramuscular Immunization of Pigs with Lipid Nanoparticle DNA Vaccines Based on the Hemagglutinin Antigen Confers Complete Protection against Challenge Infection with the Homologous Influenza Virus Strain. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1596. [PMID: 37896997 PMCID: PMC10611089 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Influenza A virus of swine (IAV-S) is highly prevalent and causes significant economic losses to swine producers. Due to the highly variable and rapidly evolving nature of the virus, it is critical to develop a safe and versatile vaccine platform that allows for frequent updates of the vaccine immunogens to cope with the emergence of new viral strains. The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as nanocarriers for delivering DNA plasmid encoding the viral hemagglutinin (HA) gene in pigs. The intramuscular administration of a single dose of the LNP-DNA vaccines resulted in robust systemic and mucosal responses in pigs. Importantly, the vaccinated pigs were fully protected against challenge infection with the homologous IAV-S strain, with only 1 out of 12 vaccinated pigs shedding a low amount of viral genomic RNA in its nasal cavity. No gross or microscopic lesions were observed in the lungs of the vaccinated pigs at necropsy. Thus, the LNP-DNA vaccines are highly effective in protecting pigs against the homologous IAV-S strain and can serve as a promising platform for the rapid development of IAV-S vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- The N. Nguyen
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (T.N.N.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (J.C.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Sushmita Kumari
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (T.N.N.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (J.C.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Sarah Sillman
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (T.N.N.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (J.C.)
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Jayeshbhai Chaudhari
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (T.N.N.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (J.C.)
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Danh C. Lai
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (T.N.N.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (J.C.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Hiep L. X. Vu
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (T.N.N.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (J.C.)
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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10
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Anastassiadis T, Köhrer C. Ushering in the era of tRNA medicines. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105246. [PMID: 37703991 PMCID: PMC10583094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Long viewed as an intermediary in protein translation, there is a growing awareness that tRNAs are capable of myriad other biological functions linked to human health and disease. These emerging roles could be tapped to leverage tRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or even as novel medicines. Furthermore, the growing array of tRNA-derived fragments, which modulate an increasingly broad spectrum of cellular pathways, is expanding this opportunity. Together, these molecules offer drug developers the chance to modulate the impact of mutations and to alter cell homeostasis. Moreover, because a single therapeutic tRNA can facilitate readthrough of a genetic mutation shared across multiple genes, such medicines afford the opportunity to define patient populations not based on their clinical presentation or mutated gene but rather on the mutation itself. This approach could potentially transform the treatment of patients with rare and ultrarare diseases. In this review, we explore the diverse biology of tRNA and its fragments, examining the past and present challenges to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecules and their therapeutic potential.
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Li YT, Yuan WZ, Jin WL. Vagus innervation in the gastrointestinal tumor: Current understanding and challenges. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188884. [PMID: 36990250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The vagus nerve (VN) is the main parasympathetic nerve of the autonomic nervous system. It is widely distributed in the gastrointestinal tract and maintains gastrointestinal homeostasis with the sympathetic nerve under physiological conditions. The VN communicates with various components of the tumor microenvironment to positively and dynamically affect the progression of gastrointestinal tumors (GITs). The intervention in vagus innervation delays GIT progression. Developments in adeno-associated virus vectors, nanotechnology, and in vivo neurobiological techniques have enabled the creation of precisely regulated "tumor neurotherapies". Furthermore, the combination of neurobiological techniques and single cell sequencing may reveal more insights into VN and GIT. The present review aimed to summarize the mechanisms of communication between the VN and the gastrointestinal TME and to explore the potential and challenges of VN-based tumor neurotherapy in GITs.
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Miyamoto Y. Editorial for Special Issue: "Effects of Nanoparticles on Living Organisms". Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1568-1569. [PMID: 36826045 PMCID: PMC9955425 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue provides an overview of the "Effects of Nanoparticles on Living Organisms" [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Miyamoto
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; or ; Tel.: +81-3-3416-0181
- Graduate School of BASE, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 12-2-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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Kotit S. Lessons from the first-in-human in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the TTR gene by NTLA-2001 trial in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2023; 2023:e202304. [PMID: 37928601 PMCID: PMC10624232 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2023.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis) is a progressive fatal disease characterized by accumulation of amyloid fibrils composed of misfolded transthyretin (TTR) protein in tissues, resulting in cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Approximately 50,000 people have hereditary ATTR amyloidosis, and up to 500,000 have wild-type ATTR amyloidosis globally, leading to poor quality of life and high morbidity, resulting in death within a median of 2 to 6 years after diagnosis. However, data on the prevalence of ATTR-CM is limited and poorly characterized. NTLA-2001, an in vivo gene-editing therapeutic agent designed to treat ATTR amyloidosis by reducing the concentration of TTR in serum by knocking out the TTR gene, has been shown to be effective, presenting a new therapeutic strategy. However, the safety, tolerability, and pharmacodynamic response to IV NTLA-2001 administration has not been yet demonstrated. Study and results: The first-in-human in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 trial of TTR Gene editing by NTLA-2001 in patients with Transthyretin Amyloidosis and cardiomyopathy was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to IV NTLA-2001 administration and its effect on serum transthyretin (TTR) levels in patients with ATTR amyloidosis and cardiomyopathy. Twelve subjects received NTLA-2001 (three NYHA I/II subjects at 0.7 mg/kg, three subjects at 1.0 mg/kg, and six NYHA III subjects at 0.7 mg/kg). Serum TTR levels were reduced from the baseline in all subjects (mean>90% after 28 days). Mean % reductions (+/-SEM) from baseline to day 28 were: NYHA I/II at 0.7 mg/kg = 92% (1%), at 1.0 mg/kg = 92% (2%), and for NYHA III at 0.7 mg/kg = 94% (1%) maintained through 4-6 months. Two of the 12 patients (16.7%) reported a transient infusion reaction. One patient experienced a grade 3 infusion-related reaction that resolved without any clinical sequelae. Lessons learned: This study showed a significant and consistent reduction in serum TTR protein levels after a single admission, while being generally well tolerated, representing a potential new option for the treatment and improvement of the prognosis of cardiac ATTR amyloidosis. Further research into the long-term safety and efficacy of NTLA-2001, particularly in higher-risk patients, including continued monitoring of whether knockout of the TTR gene results in sustained TTR reduction over the long term, is essential. Evaluation of the potential effects of markedly reduced TTR levels on patients' clinical outcomes, with a focus on functional capacity, quality of life, and mortality benefits are essential. The analysis of the use of this technology for an array of other diseases is vital.
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Epanchintseva AV, Poletaeva JE, Dome AS, Dovydenko IS, Pyshnaya IA, Ryabchikova EI. Chemical Modifications Influence the Number of siRNA Molecules Adsorbed on Gold Nanoparticles and the Efficiency of Downregulation of a Target Protein. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4450. [PMID: 36558301 PMCID: PMC9781748 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are a powerful tool for specific suppression of protein synthesis in the cell, and this determines the attractiveness of siRNAs as a drug. Low resistance of siRNA to nucleases and inability to enter into target cells are the most crucial issues in developing siRNA-based therapy. To face this challenge, we designed multilayer nanoconstruct (MLNC) with AuNP core bearing chemically modified siRNAs. We applied chemical modifications 2'-OMe and 2'-F substitutions as well as their combinations with phosphoryl guanidine group in the internucleotide phosphate. The effect of modification on the efficiency of siRNA loading into nanocarriers was examined. The introduction of the internucleotide modifications into at least one of the strands raised the efficiency of siRNA adsorption on the surface of gold core. We also tested the stability of modified siRNA adsorbed on gold core in the presence of serum. Based on loading efficiency and stability, MLNCs with the most siRNA effective cargo were selected, and they showed an increase in biological activity compared to control MLNCs. Our study demonstrated the effect of chemical modifications of siRNA on its binding to the AuNP-based carrier, which directly affects the efficiency of target protein expression inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ilya S. Dovydenko
- Correspondence: (I.S.D.); (E.I.R.); Tel.: +7-(383)-363-5163 (I.S.D. & E.I.R.)
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