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Yu W, Zhu Z, Tang F. Emerging Insights into Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders: The Role of Signaling Across the Gut-Brain Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:10861-10882. [PMID: 38801630 PMCID: PMC11584502 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiological regulatory mechanisms in postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PNCDs) are intricately complex. Currently, the pathogenesis of PNCDs has not been fully elucidated. The mechanism involved may include a variety of factors, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine dysregulation. Research into the gut microbiota-induced regulations on brain functions is increasingly becoming a focal point of exploration. Emerging evidence has shown that intestinal bacteria may play an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis of various physiological systems and regulating disease occurrence. Recent studies have confirmed the association of the gut-brain axis with central nervous system diseases. However, the regulatory effects of this axis in the pathogenesis of PNCDs remain unclear. Therefore, this paper intends to review the bidirectional signaling and mechanism of the gut-brain axis in PNCDs, summarize the latest research progress, and discuss the possible mechanism of intestinal bacteria affecting nervous system diseases. This review is aimed at providing a scientific reference for predicting the clinical risk of PNCD patients and identifying early diagnostic markers and prevention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Zhaoqiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
- Early Clinical Research Ward, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Fushan Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China.
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2
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Choi HR, Kim S, Song IA, Oh TK. Anesthetic technique and incidence of delirium after total knee or hip arthroplasty: a nationwide cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol 2024; 24:433. [PMID: 39604840 PMCID: PMC11600551 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-024-02831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal type of anesthesia for reducing postoperative delirium remains undetermined. This study aimed to assess the relationship between type of anesthesia and postoperative delirium. METHODS This retrospective national cohort study used data collected between 2016 and 2021 from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Adult patients who underwent primary total hip or total knee arthroplasty under general or regional anesthesia were included. Patients with postoperative delirium were identified after arthroplasty according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code for delirium (F05). The patients were divided into two groups: regional anesthesia (RA group) and general anesthesia (GA group). The primary endpoint was the incidence of postoperative delirium during hospitalization after total hip or knee arthroplasty. RESULTS Our study sample consisted of 664,598 patients: 474,932 in the RA group and 189,666 in the GA group. After propensity score (PS) matching, 276,582 patients (138,291 in each group) were included in the final analysis. In the PS-matched cohort, the incidence of delirium following total knee or total hip arthroplasty was 2.8% (3,842/138,291) in the GA group and 2.3% (3,147/138,291) in the RA group. In logistic regression, the RA group was associated with 18% (odds ratio: 0.82, 95% confidence interval: 0.78, 0.86; P < 0.001) lower postoperative incidence than the GA group. CONCLUSION Compared to general anesthesia, regional anesthesia was associated with a decreased incidence of postoperative delirium in patients who underwent total hip or total knee arthroplasty. Our findings indicate that avoiding general anesthesia may prevent delirium after lower limb surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hey-Ran Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saeyeon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, South Korea
| | - In-Ae Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, South Korea.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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3
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Yang X, Huang L, Zhang Y, Wang K, Liu S, Li X, Ding Y, Deng D, Zhang T, Zhao W, Ma L, Wang Y, Shu S, Chen X. Untargeted metabolomics and mendelian randomization analysis identify alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as novel biomarkers of perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:2198-2210. [PMID: 39163761 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) occurs in elderly individuals undergoing anesthesia and surgery. To explore the potential molecular mechanisms, we performed right-sided cervical exploratory surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia in 18-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Anxiety-depression-like behaviors and learning memory abilities were assessed using the Open Field Test (OFT) and Novel Object Recognition (NOR). Additionally, the hippocampus was collected one day after surgery for inflammatory factor detection, TUNEL staining, and metabolomics analysis. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were subsequently conducted to validate the causal relationships by using a series of GWAS datasets related to representative differential metabolites as exposures and cognitive impairment as endpoints. The results indicated that rats exposed to anesthesia and surgery exhibited poorer cognitive performance, significant elevations in hippocampal inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and extensive neuronal apoptosis. LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics identified 19 up-regulated and 32 down-regulated metabolites in the test group, with 6 differential metabolites involved in metabolic pathways enriched according to the KEGG database. ROC analysis revealed a correlation between α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) and the development of PND. Further MR analysis confirmed that ALA was significantly associated with cognitive performance and the risk of depression, while LA was significantly associated with the risk of memory loss. Taken together, our results identified ALA and LA as potentially powerful biomarkers for PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shiya Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Daling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shaofang Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
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Chmielarz M, Sobieszczańska B, Środa-Pomianek K. Metabolic Endotoxemia: From the Gut to Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7006. [PMID: 39000116 PMCID: PMC11241432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a severe health problem for residents in developed countries who follow a Western diet, disrupting intestinal microbiota and the whole organism's homeostasis. Although the effect of endotoxin on the human immune system is well known, its long-term impact on the human body, lasting many months or even years, is unknown. This is due to the difficulty of conducting in vitro and in vivo studies on the prolonged effect of endotoxin on the central nervous system. In this article, based on the available literature, we traced the path of endotoxin from the intestines to the blood through the intestinal epithelium and factors promoting the development of metabolic endotoxemia. The presence of endotoxin in the bloodstream and the inflammation it induces may contribute to lowering the blood-brain barrier, potentially allowing its penetration into the central nervous system; although, the theory is still controversial. Microglia, guarding the central nervous system, are the first line of defense and respond to endotoxin with activation, which may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. We traced the pro-inflammatory role of endotoxin in neurodegenerative diseases and its impact on the epigenetic regulation of microglial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Chmielarz
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Sobieszczańska
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 3a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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5
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Berger M, Rosa da Mata S, Pizzolatti NM, Parizi LF, Konnai S, da Silva Vaz I, Seixas A, Tirloni L. An Ixodes persulcatus Inhibitor of Plasmin and Thrombin Hinders Keratinocyte Migration, Blood Coagulation, and Endothelial Permeability. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1112-1123.e7. [PMID: 37996063 PMCID: PMC11034719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the first host tissue that the tick mouthparts, tick saliva, and a tick-borne pathogen contact during feeding. Tick salivary glands have evolved a complex and sophisticated pharmacological arsenal, consisting of bioactive molecules, to assist blood feeding and pathogen transmission. In this work, persulcatin, a multifunctional molecule that targets keratinocyte function and hemostasis, was identified from Ixodes persulcatus female ticks. The recombinant persulcatin was expressed and purified and is a 25-kDa acidic protein with 2 Kunitz-type domains. Persulcatin is a classical tight-binding competitive inhibitor of proteases, targeting plasmin (Ki: 28 nM) and thrombin (Ki: 115 nM). It blocks plasmin generation on keratinocytes and inhibits their migration and matrix protein degradation; downregulates matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9; and causes a delay in blood coagulation, endothelial cell activation, and thrombin-induced fibrinocoagulation. It interacts with exosite I of thrombin and reduces thrombin-induced endothelial cell permeability by inhibiting vascular endothelial-cadherin disruption. The multifaceted roles of persulcatin as an inhibitor and modulator within the plasminogen-plasmin system and thrombin not only unveil further insights into the intricate mechanisms governing wound healing but also provide a fresh perspective on the intricate interactions between ticks and their host organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Berger
- Tick-Pathogen Transmission Unit, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana, USA; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sheila Rosa da Mata
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Fernando Parizi
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Itabajara da Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Seixas
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Tirloni
- Tick-Pathogen Transmission Unit, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana, USA.
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Pavlyuk E, Yungerman I, Bliznyuk A, Moskovitz Y. Studying the Effects of Dissolved Noble Gases and High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Spherical DOPC Bilayer Using Molecular Dynamic Simulations. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:89. [PMID: 38668117 PMCID: PMC11052037 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14040089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Fine-grained molecular dynamics simulations have been conducted to depict lipid objects enclosed in water and interacting with a series of noble gases dissolved in the medium. The simple point-charge (SPC) water system, featuring a boundary composed of 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) molecules, maintained stability throughout the simulation under standard conditions. This allowed for the accurate modeling of the effects of hydrostatic pressure at an ambient pressure of 25 bar. The chosen pressure references the 240 m depth of seawater: the horizon frequently used by commercial divers, who comprise the primary patient population of the neurological complication of inert gas narcosis and the consequences of high-pressure neurological syndrome. To quantify and validate the neurological effects of noble gases and discriminate them from high hydrostatic pressure, we reduced the dissolved gas molar concentration to 1.5%, three times smaller than what we previously tested for the planar bilayer (3.5%). The nucleation and growth of xenon, argon and neon nanobubbles proved consistent with the data from the planar bilayer simulations. On the other hand, hyperbaric helium induces only a residual distorting effect on the liposome, with no significant condensed gas fraction observed within the hydrophobic core. The bubbles were distributed over a large volume-both in the bulk solvent and in the lipid phase-thereby causing substantial membrane distortion. This finding serves as evidence of the validity of the multisite distortion hypothesis for the neurological effect of inert gases at high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeny Pavlyuk
- Laboratory of Multi-Scale Mathematical Modeling, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Irena Yungerman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Technological Institute, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Alice Bliznyuk
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology (IKI), Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Yevgeny Moskovitz
- Laboratory of Multi-Scale Mathematical Modeling, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel Technological Institute, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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7
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Tian M, Zhan Y, Cao J, Gao J, Sun J, Zhang L. Targeting blood-brain barrier for sepsis-associated encephalopathy: Regulation of immune cells and ncRNAs. Brain Res Bull 2024; 209:110922. [PMID: 38458135 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, most surviving patients show acute or chronic mental disorders, which are known as sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). SAE involves many pathological processes, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. The BBB is located at the interface between the central nervous system and the surrounding environment, which protects the central nervous system (CNS) from the invasion of exogenous molecules, harmful substances or microorganisms in the blood. Recently, a growing number of studies have indicated that the BBB destruction was involved in SAE and played an important role in SAE-induced brain injury. In the present review, we firstly reveal the pathological processes of SAE such as the neurotransmitter disorders, oxidative stress, immune dysfunction and BBB destruction. Moreover, we introduce the structure of BBB, and describe the immune cells including microglia and astrocytes that participate in the BBB destruction after SAE. Furthermore, in view of the current research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), we explain the regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) on BBB in the processes of SAE. Finally, we propose some challenges and perspectives of regulating BBB functions in SAE. Hence, on the basis of these effects, both immune cells and ncRNAs may be developed as therapeutic targets to protect BBB for SAE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunliang Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinyuan Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinqi Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhang L, Hu Z, Bai W, Peng Y, Lin Y, Cong Z. Fucoxanthin ameliorates traumatic brain injury by suppressing the blood-brain barrier disruption. iScience 2023; 26:108270. [PMID: 37965135 PMCID: PMC10641514 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is the most abundant marine carotenoid extracted from seaweed. Our previous study has shown that fucoxanthin inhibited oxidative stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the effects of fucoxanthin on TBI-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) destruction have not been well understood. In the present study, we found that fucoxanthin improved neurological dysfunction, reduced brain edema, attenuated cortical lesion volume, and decreased dendrites loss after TBI in vivo. Moreover, fucoxanthin suppressed BBB leakage, preserved tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ) proteins, and inhibited MMP-9 expression. Furthermore, fucoxanthin alleviated apoptosis and ferroptosis, and activated mitophagy in endothelial cells (ECs) after TBI. However, the protection of fucoxanthin on BBB was attenuated when mitophagy was inhibited. Importantly, fucoxanthin also provided protective effects in bEnd.3 cells after TBI. Taken together, our results suggested that fucoxanthin played a key role in the protection of BBB after TBI through mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R.China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R.China
| | - Wanshan Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R.China
| | - Yaonan Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R.China
| | - Yixing Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R.China
| | - Zixiang Cong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R.China
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9
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Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O, Sergeev K, Semenova N, Slepnev A, Karavaev A, Hramkov A, Prokhorov M, Borovkova E, Blokhina I, Fedosov I, Shirokov A, Dubrovsky A, Terskov A, Manzhaeva M, Krupnova V, Dmitrenko A, Zlatogorskaya D, Adushkina V, Evsukova A, Tuzhilkin M, Elizarova I, Ilyukov E, Myagkov D, Tuktarov D, Kurths J. Machine Learning Technology for EEG-Forecast of the Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage and the Activation of the Brain's Drainage System during Isoflurane Anesthesia. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1605. [PMID: 38002287 PMCID: PMC10669477 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia enables the painless performance of complex surgical procedures. However, the effects of anesthesia on the brain may not be limited only by its duration. Also, anesthetic agents may cause long-lasting changes in the brain. There is growing evidence that anesthesia can disrupt the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), leading to neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity. However, there are no widely used methods for real-time BBB monitoring during surgery. The development of technologies for an express diagnosis of the opening of the BBB (OBBB) is a challenge for reducing post-surgical/anesthesia consequences. In this study on male rats, we demonstrate a successful application of machine learning technology, such as artificial neural networks (ANNs), to recognize the OBBB induced by isoflurane, which is widely used in surgery. The ANNs were trained on our previously presented data obtained on the sound-induced OBBB with an 85% testing accuracy. Using an optical and nonlinear analysis of the OBBB, we found that 1% isoflurane does not induce any changes in the BBB, while 4% isoflurane caused significant BBB leakage in all tested rats. Both 1% and 4% isoflurane stimulate the brain's drainage system (BDS) in a dose-related manner. We show that ANNs can recognize the OBBB induced by 4% isoflurane in 57% of rats and BDS activation induced by 1% isoflurane in 81% of rats. These results open new perspectives for the development of clinically significant bedside technologies for EEG-monitoring of OBBB and BDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
- Physics Department, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Sergeev
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Nadezhda Semenova
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Andrey Slepnev
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Anatoly Karavaev
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
- Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, Zelenaya Str. 38, 410019 Saratov, Russia
- Research Institute of Cardiology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachaya Str. 112, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexey Hramkov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
- Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, Zelenaya Str. 38, 410019 Saratov, Russia
| | - Mikhail Prokhorov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
- Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, Zelenaya Str. 38, 410019 Saratov, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Borovkova
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
- Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, Zelenaya Str. 38, 410019 Saratov, Russia
- Research Institute of Cardiology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachaya Str. 112, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Inna Blokhina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Ivan Fedosov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Alexander Shirokov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexander Dubrovsky
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Andrey Terskov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Maria Manzhaeva
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Valeria Krupnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Alexander Dmitrenko
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Daria Zlatogorskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Viktoria Adushkina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Arina Evsukova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Matvey Tuzhilkin
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Inna Elizarova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Egor Ilyukov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Dmitry Myagkov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Dmitry Tuktarov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (K.S.); (N.S.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (M.P.); (E.B.); (I.F.); (A.D.); (E.I.); (D.T.)
| | - Jürgen Kurths
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.S.); (A.T.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (A.D.); (D.Z.); (V.A.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (J.K.)
- Physics Department, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Centre for Analysis of Complex Systems, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 2, Building 4, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg A31, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
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Yau A, Jogdand A, Chen Y. Blood-brain-barrier modeling with tissue chips for research applications in space and on Earth. FRONTIERS IN SPACE TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 4:1176943. [PMID: 38915909 PMCID: PMC11195916 DOI: 10.3389/frspt.2023.1176943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Tissue chip technology has revolutionized biomedical applications and the medical science field for the past few decades. Currently, tissue chips are one of the most powerful research tools aiding in in vitro work to accurately predict the outcome of studies when compared to monolayer two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. While 2D cell cultures held prominence for a long time, their lack of biomimicry has resulted in a transition to 3D cell cultures, including tissue chips technology, to overcome the discrepancies often seen in in vitro studies. Due to their wide range of applications, different organ systems have been studied over the years, one of which is the blood brain barrier (BBB) which is discussed in this review. The BBB is an incredible protective unit of the body, keeping out pathogens from entering the brain through vasculature. However, there are some microbes and certain diseases that disrupt the function of this barrier which can lead to detrimental outcomes. Over the past few years, various designs of the BBB have been proposed and modeled to study drug delivery and disease modeling on Earth. More recently, researchers have started to utilize tissue chips in space to study the effects of microgravity on human health. BBB tissue chips in space can be a tool to understand function mechanisms and therapeutics. This review addresses the limitations of monolayer cell culture which could be overcome with utilizing tissue chips technology. Current BBB models on Earth and how they are fabricated as well as what influences the BBB cell culture in tissue chips are discussed. Then, this article reviews how application of these technologies together with incorporating biosensors in space would be beneficial to help in predicting a more accurate physiological response in specific tissue or organ chips. Finally, the current platforms used in space and some solutions to overcome some shortcomings for future BBB tissue chip research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yupeng Chen
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Rivai B, Umar AK. Neuroprotective compounds from marine invertebrates. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2023; 12:71. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-023-00407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation is a key pathological feature of a wide variety of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s disease. While current treatments for these disorders are primarily symptomatic, there is a growing interest in developing new therapeutics that target the underlying neuroinflammatory processes.
Main body
Marine invertebrates, such as coral, sea urchins, starfish, sponges, and sea cucumbers, have been found to contain a wide variety of biologically active compounds that have demonstrated potential therapeutic properties. These compounds are known to target various key proteins and pathways in neuroinflammation, including 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDH), caspase-3 and caspase-9, p-Akt, p-ERK, p-P38, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), amyloid-β (Aβ), HSF-1, α-synuclein, cellular prion protein, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), paraquat (PQ), and mitochondria DJ-1.
Short conclusion
This review focuses on the current state of research on the neuroprotective effects of compounds found in marine invertebrates and the potential therapeutic implications of these findings for treating neuroinflammatory disorders. We also discussed the challenges and limitations of using marine-based compounds as therapeutics, such as sourcing and sustainability concerns, and the need for more preclinical and clinical studies to establish their efficacy and safety.
Graphical abstract
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12
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Targeting Non-Coding RNA for CNS Injuries: Regulation of Blood-Brain Barrier Functions. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1997-2016. [PMID: 36786944 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03892-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) injuries are the most common cause of death and disability around the world. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is located at the interface between the CNS and the surrounding environment, which protects the CNS from exogenous molecules, harmful agents or microorganisms in the blood. The disruption of BBB is a common feature of CNS injuries and participates in the pathological processes of secondary brain damage. Recently, a growing number of studies have indicated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an important role in brain development and are involved in CNS injuries. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of BBB breakdown after CNS injuries. We also discuss the effects of ncRNAs including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) on BBB damage in CNS injuries such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In addition, we clarify the pharmacotherapies that could regulate BBB function via ncRNAs in CNS injuries, as well as the challenges and perspectives of ncRNAs on modulation of BBB function. Hence, on the basis of these effects, ncRNAs may be developed as therapeutic agents to protect the BBB for CNS injury patients.
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13
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Ibrahim Fouad G, Mabrouk M, El-Sayed SAM, Rizk MZ, Beherei HH. Neurotherapeutic efficacy of loaded sulforaphane on iron oxide nanoparticles against cuprizone-induced neurotoxicity: role of MMP-9 and S100β. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023:1-17. [PMID: 36775846 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2177219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Cuprizone (CUP) induces neurotoxicity and demyelination in animal models by provoking the activation of glial cells and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane (SF) is a phytochemical that exhibits a neuroprotective potential. In this study, we investigated the neurotherapeutic and pro-remyelinating activities of SF and SF-loaded within iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP-SF) in CUP-exposed rats. Magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were prepared using the hydrothermal method that was further loaded with SF (IONP-SF). The loading of SF within the magnetite nanoparticles was assessed using FTIR, TEM, DLS, Zetasizer, and XPS. For the in vivo investigations, adult male Wistar rats (n = 40) were administrated either on a regular diet or a diet with CUP (0.2%) for 5 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups: negative control, CUP-induced, CUP + SF, and CUP + IONP-SF. CUP-exposed brains exhibited a marked elevation in lipid peroxidation, along with a significant decrease in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT). In addition, CUP intoxication downregulated the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), upregulated the expression of Matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) and S100β, and increased caspase-3 immunoexpression, these results were supported histopathologically in the cerebral cortexes. Treatment of CUP-rats with either SF or IONP-SF demonstrated remyelinating and neurotherapeutic activities. We could conclude that IONP-SF was more effective than free SF in mitigating the CUP-induced downregulation of MBP, upregulation of S100β, and caspase-3 immunoexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A M El-Sayed
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Z Rizk
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Beherei
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Brain Waste Removal System and Sleep: Photobiomodulation as an Innovative Strategy for Night Therapy of Brain Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043221. [PMID: 36834631 PMCID: PMC9965491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that an important function of the sleeping brain is the removal of wastes and toxins from the central nervous system (CNS) due to the activation of the brain waste removal system (BWRS). The meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are an important part of the BWRS. A decrease in MLV function is associated with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, intracranial hemorrhages, brain tumors and trauma. Since the BWRS is activated during sleep, a new idea is now being actively discussed in the scientific community: night stimulation of the BWRS might be an innovative and promising strategy for neurorehabilitation medicine. This review highlights new trends in photobiomodulation of the BWRS/MLVs during deep sleep as a breakthrough technology for the effective removal of wastes and unnecessary compounds from the brain in order to increase the neuroprotection of the CNS as well as to prevent or delay various brain diseases.
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Characterization of Anesthesia in Rats from EEG in Terms of Long-Range Correlations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030426. [PMID: 36766531 PMCID: PMC9914327 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-range correlations are often used as diagnostic markers in physiological research. Due to the limitations of conventional techniques, their characterizations are typically carried out with alternative approaches, such as the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). In our previous works, we found EEG-related markers of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the penetration of major drugs into the brain. However, anesthetics can penetrate the BBB, affecting its function in a dose-related manner. Here, we study two types of anesthesia widely used in experiments on animals, including zoletil/xylazine and isoflurane in optimal doses not associated with changes in the BBB. Based on DFA, we reveal informative characteristics of the electrical activity of the brain during such doses that are important for controlling the depth of anesthesia in long-term experiments using magnetic resonance imaging, multiphoton microscopy, etc., which are crucial for the interpretation of experimental results. These findings provide an important informative platform for the enhancement and refinement of surgery, since the EEG-based DFA analysis of BBB can easily be used during surgery as a tool for characterizing normal BBB functions under anesthesia.
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Qiu Y, Mo C, Xu S, Chen L, Ye W, Kang Y, Chen G, Zhu T. Research progress on perioperative blood-brain barrier damage and its potential mechanism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1174043. [PMID: 37101615 PMCID: PMC10124715 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1174043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important barrier separating the central nervous system from the periphery. The composition includes endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, synapses and tight junction proteins. During the perioperative period, anesthesia and surgical operations are also a kind of stress to the body, which may be accompanied by blood-brain barrier damage and brain metabolism dysfunction. Perioperative blood-brain barrier destruction is closely associated with cognitive impairment and may increase the risk of postoperative mortality, which is not conducive to enhanced recovery after surgery. However, the potential pathophysiological process and specific mechanism of blood-brain barrier damage during the perioperative period have not been fully elucidated. Changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, inflammation and neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and intestinal dysbiosis may be involved in blood-brain barrier damage. We aim to review the research progress of perioperative blood-brain barrier damage and its potential adverse effects and potential molecular mechanisms, and provide ideas for the study of homeostasis maintenance of brain function and precision anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanlin Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Guo Chen, ; Tao Zhu,
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Guo Chen, ; Tao Zhu,
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