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O'Sullivan R, Bissell S, Agar G, Spiller J, Surtees A, Heald M, Clarkson E, Khan A, Oliver C, Bagshaw AP, Richards C. Exploring an objective measure of overactivity in children with rare genetic syndromes. J Neurodev Disord 2024; 16:18. [PMID: 38637764 PMCID: PMC11025271 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-024-09535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overactivity is prevalent in several rare genetic neurodevelopmental syndromes, including Smith-Magenis syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis complex, although has been predominantly assessed using questionnaire techniques. Threats to the precision and validity of questionnaire data may undermine existing insights into this behaviour. Previous research indicates objective measures, namely actigraphy, can effectively differentiate non-overactive children from those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. This study is the first to examine the sensitivity of actigraphy to overactivity across rare genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disability, through comparisons with typically-developing peers and questionnaire overactivity estimates. METHODS A secondary analysis of actigraphy data and overactivity estimates from The Activity Questionnaire (TAQ) was conducted for children aged 4-15 years with Smith-Magenis syndrome (N=20), Angelman syndrome (N=26), tuberous sclerosis complex (N=16), and typically-developing children (N=61). Actigraphy data were summarized using the M10 non-parametric circadian rhythm variable, and 24-hour activity profiles were modelled via functional linear modelling. Associations between actigraphy data and TAQ overactivity estimates were explored. Differences in actigraphy-defined activity were also examined between syndrome and typically-developing groups, and between children with high and low TAQ overactivity scores within syndromes. RESULTS M10 and TAQ overactivity scores were strongly positively correlated for children with Angelman syndrome and Smith-Magenis syndrome. M10 did not substantially differ between the syndrome and typically-developing groups. Higher early morning activity and lower evening activity was observed across all syndrome groups relative to typically-developing peers. High and low TAQ group comparisons revealed syndrome-specific profiles of overactivity, persisting throughout the day in Angelman syndrome, occurring during the early morning and early afternoon in Smith-Magenis syndrome, and manifesting briefly in the evening in tuberous sclerosis complex. DISCUSSION These findings provide some support for the sensitivity of actigraphy to overactivity in children with rare genetic syndromes, and offer syndrome-specific temporal descriptions of overactivity. The findings advance existing descriptions of overactivity, provided by questionnaire techniques, in children with rare genetic syndromes and have implications for the measurement of overactivity. Future studies should examine the impact of syndrome-related characteristics on actigraphy-defined activity and overactivity estimates from actigraphy and questionnaire techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory O'Sullivan
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Cerebra Network for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Stacey Bissell
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Cerebra Network for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgie Agar
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jayne Spiller
- School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew Surtees
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mary Heald
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Blackpool, Lancashire, UK
| | | | - Aamina Khan
- Cerebra Network for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Andrew P Bagshaw
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Caroline Richards
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Cerebra Network for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Tonetti L, Occhionero M, Boreggiani M, Conca A, Dondi P, Elbaz M, Fabbri M, Gauriau C, Giupponi G, Leger D, Martoni M, Rafanelli C, Roncuzzi R, Zoppello M, Natale V. Sleep and Prospective Memory: A Retrospective Study in Different Clinical Populations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6113. [PMID: 32842672 PMCID: PMC7503383 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) is essential in everyday life because it concerns the ability to remember to perform an intended action in the future. This ability could be influenced by poor sleep quality, the role of which, however, is still being debated. To examine the role of sleep quality in PM in depth, we decided to perform a retrospective naturalistic study examining different clinical populations with a primary sleep disorder or comorbid low sleep quality. If sleep is important for PM function, we could expect poor sleep to affect PM performance tasks both directly and indirectly. We examined a total of 3600 nights, recorded using actigraphy in participants belonging to the following groups: primary insomnia (731 nights); narcolepsy type 1 (1069 nights); attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (152 nights in children and 239 in adults); severe obesity (232 nights); essential hypertension (226 nights); menopause (143 nights); healthy controls (808 nights). In a naturalistic activity-based PM task, each participant originally wore an actigraph around the non-dominant wrist and was requested to push the event-marker button at two specific times of day: bedtime (activity 1) and get-up time (activity 2). Each clinical group showed significantly lower sleep quality in comparison to the control group. However, only narcolepsy type 1 patients presented a significantly impaired PM performance at get-up time, remembering to push the event-marker button around half the time compared not only to healthy controls but also to the other clinical groups. Overall, the present results seem to point to sleep quality having no effect on the efficiency of a naturalistic activity-based PM task. Moreover, the data indicated that narcolepsy type 1 patients may show a disease-specific cognitive deficit of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tonetti
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.O.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (V.N.)
| | - Miranda Occhionero
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.O.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (V.N.)
| | - Michele Boreggiani
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.O.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (V.N.)
| | - Andreas Conca
- Division of Psychiatry, San Maurizio Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (A.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Paola Dondi
- Division of Hospital Psychology, New Sant’Agostino-Estense Hospital, 41126 Baggiovara, Italy;
| | - Maxime Elbaz
- Université Paris Descartes, APHP, Hôtel Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Centre de référence hypersomnies rares et EA 7330 VIFASOM, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.G.); (D.L.)
| | - Marco Fabbri
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Caroline Gauriau
- Université Paris Descartes, APHP, Hôtel Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Centre de référence hypersomnies rares et EA 7330 VIFASOM, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.G.); (D.L.)
| | - Giancarlo Giupponi
- Division of Psychiatry, San Maurizio Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (A.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Damien Leger
- Université Paris Descartes, APHP, Hôtel Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Centre de référence hypersomnies rares et EA 7330 VIFASOM, 75004 Paris, France; (M.E.); (C.G.); (D.L.)
| | - Monica Martoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Chiara Rafanelli
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.O.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (V.N.)
| | - Renzo Roncuzzi
- Cardiology Service, Villa Erbosa Hospital, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marina Zoppello
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Natale
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.O.); (M.B.); (C.R.); (V.N.)
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