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Sahoo A, Starr SL, Osadchiy V, Desai S, Iyer N, Luff M, Sollender GE, Sturm R. Identifying Targets for Innovation in Amazon Reviews of Bedwetting Alarms: Thematic Analysis. Interact J Med Res 2023; 12:e43194. [PMID: 37410523 PMCID: PMC10360013 DOI: 10.2196/43194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a frequent diagnosis in pediatric and adolescent populations with an estimated prevalence of around 15% at the age of 6 years. NE can have a substantial impact on multiple health domains. Bedwetting alarms, which typically consist of a sensor and moisture-activated alarm, are a common treatment. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine areas of satisfaction versus dissatisfaction reported by the parents and caregivers of children using current bedwetting alarms. METHODS Using the search term "bedwetting alarms" on the Amazon marketplace, products with >300 reviews were included. For each product, the 5 reviews ranked the "most helpful" for each star category were selected for analysis. Meaning extraction method was applied to identify major themes and subthemes. A percent skew was calculated by summing the total number of mentions of each subtheme,+1 for a positive mention, 0 for a neutral mention, and -1 for a negative mention, and dividing this total by the number of reviews in which that particular subtheme was observed. Subanalyses were performed for age and gender. RESULTS Of 136 products identified, 10 were evaluated based on the selection criteria. The main themes identified across products were long-term concerns, marketing, alarm systems, and device mechanics and features. The subthemes identified as future targets for innovation included alarm accuracy, volume variability, durability, user-friendliness, and adaptability to girls. In general, durability, alarm accuracy, and comfort were the most negatively skewed subthemes (with a negative skew of -23.6%, -20.0%, and -12.4% respectively), which are indicative of potential areas for improvement. Effectiveness was the only substantially positively skewed subtheme (16.8%). Alarm sound and device features were positively skewed for older children, whereas ease of use had a negative skew for younger children. Girls and their caretakers reported negative experiences with devices that featured cords, arm bands, and sensor pads. CONCLUSIONS This analysis provides an innovation roadmap for future device design to improve patient and caregiver satisfaction and compliance with bedwetting alarms. Our results highlight the need for additional options in alarm sound features, as children of different ages have divergent preferences in this domain. Additionally, girls and their parents and caretakers provided more negative overall reviews regarding the range of current device features compared to boys, indicating a potential focus area for future development. The percent skew showed that subthemes were often more negatively skewed toward girls, with the ease of use being -10.7% skewed for boys versus -20.5% for girls, and comfort being -7.1% skewed for boys versus -29.4% for girls. Put together, this review highlights multiple device features that are targets for innovation to ensure translational efficacy regardless of age, gender, or specific family needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Sahoo
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Savannah Leah Starr
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vadim Osadchiy
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Desai
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neha Iyer
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marie Luff
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Grace E Sollender
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Renea Sturm
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- University of California, Los Angeles Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Oh KT, Ko J, Shin J, Ko M. Using Wake-Up Tasks for Morning Behavior Change: Development and Usability Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e39497. [PMID: 36129742 PMCID: PMC9529170 DOI: 10.2196/39497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Early morning behaviors between waking up and beginning daily work can develop into productive habits. However, sleep inertia limits the level of human ability immediately after waking, lowering a person’s motivation and available time for productive morning behavior.
Objective
This study explores a design for morning behavior change using a wake-up task, a simple assignment the user needs to finish before alarm dismissal. Specifically, we set two research objectives: (1) exploring key factors that relate to morning behavior performance, including the use of wake-up tasks in an alarm app and (2) understanding the general practice of affecting morning behavior change by implementing wake-up tasks.
Methods
We designed and implemented an apparatus that provides wake-up task alarms and facilities for squat exercises. We recruited 36 participants to perform squat exercises in the early morning using the wake-up tasks for 2 weeks. First, we conducted a generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis for the first research objective. Next, we conducted a thematic analysis of the postsurvey answers to identify key themes about morning behavior change with the wake-up tasks for the second objective.
Results
The use of wake-up tasks was significantly associated with both the completion of the target behavior (math task: P=.005; picture task: P<.001) and the elapsed time (picture task: P=.08); the time to alarm dismissal was significantly related to the elapsed time to completion (P<.001). Moreover, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) variables, common factors for behavior change, were significant, but their magnitudes and directions differed slightly from the other domains. Furthermore, the survey results reveal how the participants used the wake-up tasks and why they were effective for morning behavior performance.
Conclusions
The results reveal the effectiveness of wake-up tasks in accomplishing the target morning behavior and address key factors for morning behavior change, such as (1) waking up on time, (2) escaping from sleep inertia, and (3) quickly starting the desired target behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyue Taek Oh
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Ko
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Minsam Ko
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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C Gupta C, Dominiak M, Kovac K, C Reynolds A, A Ferguson S, J Hilditch C, Sprajcer M, E Vincent G. On-call work and sleep: the importance of switching on during a callout and switching off after a call. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2022; 60:91-96. [PMID: 34690251 PMCID: PMC8980688 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2021-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unpredictable nature of working time arrangements, on-call workers experience regular disruption to sleep, particularly if woken by calls. Sleep disruption can impact long term physical and mental health, next day performance, and importantly, performance immediately after waking. To reduce the impact of performance impairments upon waking (i.e., reducing sleep inertia), research has investigated strategies to promote alertness (e.g., bright light, caffeine, and exercise). This review puts forth on-call workers who are likely to return to sleep after a call, it is also important to consider the impact of these sleep inertia countermeasures on subsequent sleep. Future research should build on the preliminary evidence base for sleep inertia countermeasures by examining the impact on subsequent sleep. This research is key for both supporting alertness and performance during a call ("switching on") and for allowing the on-call worker to return to sleep after a call ("switching off").
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Gupta
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Australia
| | - Michelle Dominiak
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Australia
| | - Katya Kovac
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Australia
| | - Amy C Reynolds
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (Sleep Health), Flinders University, Australia
| | - Sally A Ferguson
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Australia
| | - Cassie J Hilditch
- San José State University, Fatigue Countermeasures Laboratory, Department of Psychology, USA
| | - Madeline Sprajcer
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Australia
| | - Grace E Vincent
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Australia
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