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Ji C, Zhang Z, Omotosho KD, Berman D, Lee B, Divan R, Guha S, Shevchenko EV. Porous but Mechanically Robust All-Inorganic Antireflective Coatings Synthesized using Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14754-14764. [PMID: 36049118 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we introduce polymer of intrinsic microporosity 1 (PIM-1) to design single-layer and multilayered all-inorganic antireflective coatings (ARCs) with excellent mechanical properties. Using PIM-1 as a template in sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS), we can fabricate highly uniform, mechanically stable conformal coatings of AlOx with porosities of ∼50% and a refractive index of 1.41 compared to 1.76 for nonporous AlOx that is perfectly suited for substrates commonly used in high-end optical systems or touch screens (e.g., sapphire, conductive glass, bendable glass, etc.). We show that such films can be used as a single-layer ARC capable of reduction of the Fresnel reflections of sapphire to as low as 0.1% at 500 nm being deposited only on one side of the substrate. We also demonstrate that deposition of the second layer with higher porosity using block copolymers enables the design of graded-index double-layered coatings. AlOx structures with just two layers and a total thickness of less than 200 nm are capable of reduction of Fresnel reflections under normal illumination to below 0.5% in a broad spectral range with 0.1% reflection at 700 nm. Additionally, and most importantly, we show that highly porous single-layer and graded-index double-layered ARCs are characterized by high hardness and scratch resistivity. The hardness and the maximum reached load were 7.5 GPa and 13 mN with a scratch depth of about 130 nm, respectively, that is very promising for the structures consisting of two porous AlOx layers with 50% and 85% porosities, correspondingly. Such mechanical properties of coatings can also allow their application as protective layers for other optical coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhongbo Zhang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Khalil D Omotosho
- Materials Science and Engineering Department and Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Processes Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Diana Berman
- Materials Science and Engineering Department and Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Processes Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Supratik Guha
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Elena V Shevchenko
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Abstract
Crystalline materials and coatings can be found almost everywhere in the modern world [...]
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Special Issue: Mechanical Properties of Advanced Multifunctional Coatings. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Coatings are found almost anywhere in the modern world [...]
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