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Qiu J, Shang Y, Xu J, Xia Y. Template-Directed Synthesis of Colloidal Hollow Particles: Mind the Material Used for the Template. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204278. [PMID: 36071024 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The dissolution of a polymeric solid typically starts with the absorption of solvent molecules, followed by swelling and volume expansion. Only when the extent of swelling reaches a threshold can the polymer chains be disentangled and then dissolved into the solvent. When the polymeric solid is encapsulated in a rigid shell, the swelling process will be impeded. Despite the widespread use of this process, it is rarely discussed in the literature how the polymeric solid is dissolved from the core for the generation of colloidal hollow particles. Recent studies have started to shed light on the mechanistic details involved in the formation of hollow particles through a template-directed process. Depending on the nature of the material used for the template, the removal of the template may involve different mechanisms and pathways, leading to the formation of distinct products. Here, a number of examples are used to illustrate this important phenomenon that is largely neglected in the literature. This article also discusses how the swelling of a polymeric template encapsulated in a rigid shell can be leveraged to fabricate new types of functional colloidal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichuan Qiu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Yuxin Shang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jianchang Xu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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Ren Y, Liu G, Zhu T. Fabrication of Core-Shell Nanocolloids with Various Core Sizes to Promote Light Capture for Green Fuels. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:761-768. [PMID: 33484093 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Core-shell nanocolloids with tailored physical and chemical merits hold attractive potential for energy-related applications. Herein, core-shell nanocolloids composed of zinc/copper sulfide (ZnS/CuSx ) shells and silica (SiO2 ) cores were fabricated by a template-engaged synthetic method. Interestingly, the sizes of SiO2 cores can be tuned by different sulfurization time. In virtue of the light scattering and reflection on the SiO2 surface, the efficiencies of light capture by ZnS/Cu2 S shells were highly dependent on the SiO2 sizes. The as-fabricated SiO2 @ZnS/Cu2 S with a core size of 205 nm exhibited the highest and broadest absorption within a light wavelength of 380-700 nm. In virtue of the structural and componential features of these nanocolloids, maximum photocatalytic hydrogen (H2 ) production rates of 2968 and 1824 μmol h-1 g-1 under UV-vis and visible light have been delivered, respectively. This work may provide some evidence for the design and fabrication of core-shell nanomaterials to convert solar energy to green fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfu Ren
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, 932 Lushan Road South, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, 932 Lushan Road South, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, 932 Lushan Road South, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
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Singh B, Na J, Konarova M, Wakihara T, Yamauchi Y, Salomon C, Gawande MB. Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials for Catalysis and Environmental Applications. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Singh
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Department of Chemistry, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Jongbeom Na
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics Project and International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Muxina Konarova
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics Project and International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics Project, Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Science and Technology, Waseda University, 2-8-26 Nishi-Waseda, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Manoj B. Gawande
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, 431203 Maharashtra, India
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Dekker F, Kuipers BWM, González García Á, Tuinier R, Philipse AP. Scattering from colloidal cubic silica shells: Part II, static structure factors and osmotic equation of state. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 571:267-274. [PMID: 32203763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The shape of colloidal particles affects the structure of colloidal dispersions. The effect of the cube shape on the thermodynamics of colloidal cube dispersions has not yet been studied experimentally. Static light scattering measurements on colloidal cubic silica shells at finite concentrations allows us to measure the structure factor of colloidal cube fluids and to test theoretical predictions for the equation of state of hard convex superballs. EXPERIMENTS Hollow silica nanocubes of varying concentrations in N,N,-dimethylformamide were studied with static light scattering. The structure factor was extracted from the scattering curves using experimental form factors. From this experimental structure factor, the specific density of the particles, and the osmotic compressibility were obtained. This osmotic compressibility was then compared to a theoretical equation of state of hard superballs. FINDINGS The first experimental structure factors of a stable cube fluid are presented. The osmotic compressibility of the cube fluid can be described by the equation of state of a hard superball fluid, showing that silica cubes in N,N,-dimethylformamide with LiCl effectively interact as hard particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dekker
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - B W M Kuipers
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Á González García
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - R Tuinier
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - A P Philipse
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
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Dekker F, Kuipers BWM, Petukhov AV, Tuinier R, Philipse AP. Scattering from colloidal cubic silica shells: Part I, particle form factors and optical contrast variation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 571:419-428. [PMID: 31813577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Colloidal cubic silica shells, prepared from cuprous oxide cubes, with a typical size of 100 nm are promising model particles for scattering studies on dilute, as well as concentrated fluids, of non-spherical colloids. EXPERIMENTS Small angle X-ray scattering, and static light scattering are employed to determine form factors of cubic silica shells and silica covered cuprous oxide cubes. Contrast variation experiments are performed to assess the refractive index and optical homogeneity of the cubic silica shells, which is important for the extension of the scattering study to concentrated dispersions of cubic shells in Part II (Dekker, submitted for publication). RESULTS The experimental form factors, which compare well to theoretical form factors, manifest cubic silica shells that are dispersed as single stable colloids with a shape intermediate between a sphere and a perfect cube. Contrast variation demonstrates that the silica shells are optically homogeneous, with a refractive index that is independent of the shell thickness. The results presented here open up the possibility to extract structure factors from light scattering measurements on concentrated cube dispersions in Part II.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dekker
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - B W M Kuipers
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - A V Petukhov
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - R Tuinier
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - A P Philipse
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
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Dekker F, González García Á, Philipse AP, Tuinier R. Phase stability of dispersions of hollow silica nanocubes mediated by non-adsorbing polymers. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2020; 43:38. [PMID: 32556853 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2020-11962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although there are theoretical predictions (Eur. Phys. J. E 41, 110 (2018)) for the rich-phase behaviour of colloidal cubes mixed with non-adsorbing polymers, a thorough verification of this phase behaviour is still underway; experimental studies on mixtures of cubes and non-adsorbing polymers in bulk are scarce. In this paper, mixtures of hollow silica nanocubes and linear polystyrene in N,-N-dimethylformamide are used to measure the structure factor of the colloidal cubes as a function of non-adsorbing polymer concentration. Together with visual observations these structure factors enabled us to assess the depletion-mediated phase stability of cube-polymer mixtures. The theoretical and experimental phase boundaries for cube-depletant mixtures are in remarkable agreement, despite the simplifications underlying the theory employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dekker
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Á González García
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A P Philipse
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padulaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Tuinier
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Rosenberg M, Dekker F, Donaldson JG, Philipse AP, Kantorovich SS. Self-assembly of charged colloidal cubes. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4451-4461. [PMID: 32323672 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02189b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we show how and why the interactions between charged cubic colloids range from radially isotropic to strongly directionally anisotropic, depending on tuneable factors. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we illustrate the effects of typical solvents to complement experimental investigations of cube assembly. We find that in low-salinity water solutions, where cube self-assembly is observed, the colloidal shape anisotropy leads to the strongest attraction along the corner-to-corner line, followed by edge-to-edge, with a face-to-face configuration of the cubes only becoming energetically favorable after the colloids have collapsed into the van der Waals attraction minimum. Analysing the potential of mean force between colloids with varied cubicity, we identify the origin of the asymmetric microstructures seen in experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Rosenberg
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Bolzmanngasse 5, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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