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Hulkko LSS, Rocha RM, Trentin R, Fredsgaard M, Chaturvedi T, Custódio L, Thomsen MH. Bioactive Extracts from Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods Biorefinery as a Source of Ingredients for High-Value Industries. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1251. [PMID: 36986939 PMCID: PMC10056203 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt-tolerant plants, also known as halophytes, could provide a novel source of feedstock for biorefineries. After harvesting fresh shoots for food, the lignified fraction of Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods could be used to produce bioactive botanical extracts for high-value industries such as nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and biopharmaceuticals. The residual fraction after extraction can be further used for bioenergy or lignocellulose-derived platform chemicals. This work analysed S. ramosissima from different sources and growth stages. After pre-processing and extractions, the obtained fractions were analysed for their contents of fatty acids, pigments, and total phenolics. Extracts were also evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant properties and inhibitory effect towards enzymes related to diabetes, hyperpigmentation, obesity, and neurogenerative diseases. The ethanol extract from the fibre residue and the water extract from completely lignified plants showed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds along with the highest antioxidant potential and enzyme-inhibitory properties. Hence, they should be further explored in the context of biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Miranda Rocha
- RIASEARCH, Lda., Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal
| | - Riccardo Trentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Malthe Fredsgaard
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Tanmay Chaturvedi
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Giordano R, Aliotta GE, Johannesen AS, Voetmann-Jensen D, Laustsen FH, Andersen LA, Rezai A, Fredsgaard M, Vecchio SL, Arendt-Nielsen L, Thomsen MH, Stensballe A. Effects of Salicornia-Based Skin Cream Application on Healthy Humans’ Experimental Model of Pain and Itching. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020150. [PMID: 35215262 PMCID: PMC8876271 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophyte plants are salt-tolerant and are acclimated for growth in saline soils such as along coastal areas. Among the halophytes, the Salicornia species have been used as both folk medicine and functional food for many years due to their high levels of bioactive compounds with supposed anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, the properties of Salicornia bioactive extracts on pain and itching still remain unclear. In this study, 30 healthy volunteers were randomized to treatments with 10% Salicornia-based cream or placebo cream for 24 or 48 h. On day 0, and 24 or 48 h post cream application, cold/heat detection and pain thresholds, mechanical pain thresholds and sensitivity, trans-epidermal water loss, histamine- and cowhage-evoked itch, and micro-vascular reactivity (neurogenic inflammation) were assessed to evaluate the analgesic, anti-pruritogenic and vasomotor effects. Skin permeability was reduced in the Salicornia-treated area for 48 h compared with 24 h application (p-value < 0.05). After 48 h of application, a decrease in mechanical-evoked itching (hyperkinesis) compared with 24 h treatment (p-value < 0.05) and increased warm detection and heat pain thresholds (p-value < 0.05) was found. Histamine-induced neurogenic inflammation showed a significant reduction in the cream-treated areas after 48 h compared with 24 h (p-value < 0.05). The results of this study indicate the overall inhibitory effect of Salicornia on hyperkinesis (mechanically evoked itch), the analgesic effect on thermal sensation, and modulation of the skin barrier architecture. Further studies are needed for the assessment of the long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Giordano
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (G.E.A.); (S.L.V.); (L.A.-N.)
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Giulia Erica Aliotta
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (G.E.A.); (S.L.V.); (L.A.-N.)
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Anja Stokholm Johannesen
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Dina Voetmann-Jensen
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Frederikke Hillebrand Laustsen
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Lasse Allermann Andersen
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Aman Rezai
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Malthe Fredsgaard
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark; (M.F.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Silvia Lo Vecchio
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (G.E.A.); (S.L.V.); (L.A.-N.)
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (G.E.A.); (S.L.V.); (L.A.-N.)
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Mech-Sense, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mette Hedegaard Thomsen
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark; (M.F.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Translational Biomarkers in Pain and Precision Medicine, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (A.S.J.); (D.V.-J.); (F.H.L.); (L.A.A.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-61-608-786
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Giordano R, Saii Z, Fredsgaard M, Hulkko LSS, Poulsen TBG, Thomsen ME, Henneberg N, Zucolotto SM, Arendt-Nielsen L, Papenbrock J, Thomsen MH, Stensballe A. Pharmacological Insights into Halophyte Bioactive Extract Action on Anti-Inflammatory, Pain Relief and Antibiotics-Type Mechanisms. Molecules 2021; 26:3140. [PMID: 34073962 PMCID: PMC8197292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological activities in bioactive plant extracts play an increasing role in sustainable resources for valorization and biomedical applications. Bioactive phytochemicals, including natural compounds, secondary metabolites and their derivatives, have attracted significant attention for use in both medicinal products and cosmetic products. Our review highlights the pharmacological mode-of-action and current biomedical applications of key bioactive compounds applied as anti-inflammatory, bactericidal with antibiotics effects, and pain relief purposes in controlled clinical studies or preclinical studies. In this systematic review, the availability of bioactive compounds from several salt-tolerant plant species, mainly focusing on the three promising species Aster tripolium, Crithmum maritimum and Salicornia europaea, are summarized and discussed. All three of them have been widely used in natural folk medicines and are now in the focus for future nutraceutical and pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Giordano
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
| | - Zeinab Saii
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
| | - Malthe Fredsgaard
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (M.F.); (L.S.S.H.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Laura Sini Sofia Hulkko
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (M.F.); (L.S.S.H.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Thomas Bouet Guldbæk Poulsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
| | - Mikkel Eggert Thomsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
| | - Nanna Henneberg
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Center of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040–970 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
| | - Jutta Papenbrock
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Mette Hedegaard Thomsen
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (M.F.); (L.S.S.H.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (R.G.); (Z.S.); (T.B.G.P.); (M.E.T.); (N.H.); (L.A.-N.)
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Facial Treatment with 3-O-Cetyl Ascorbic Acid for Improvement of Skin Texture: Uptake, Effectiveness, and In Vitro Carcinogenicity Assessment. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is found at high concentrations in normal skin. The important and well-known benefits of using AA in skin health include the stimulation of collagen synthesis and the assistance of protection against photo-oxidative damages. To maintain stability and improve drug delivery to the active site, a variety of AA derivatives have been chemically synthesized. Among these compounds, we focus here on a lipophilic derivative, 3-O-cetyl ascorbic acid (3-CetylAA), which remains poorly characterized for cosmetic applications. Uptake analysis in three healthy human volunteers’ skin was conducted using a serial tape-stripping technique detecting 3-CetylAA (on average, 128 ± 27 pmol per µg) in the stratum corneum after a 5-h topical treatment when treated with 25 mM 3-CetylAA-containing cream for 13 days twice daily and continuously. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging of vertical cryosections of pig skin revealed the presence of 3-CetylAA in the epidermal layer after topical treatment with 3-CetylAA-containing cream. In sun-exposed human skin, 3-CetylAA improved the texture after treatment with 25 mM 3-CetylAA-containing cream for 4 weeks or more when used twice daily or continuously. An in vitro transformation assay using BALB/c 3T3 A31-1-1 cells demonstrated that 10 µM 3-CetylAA, which is the same concentration exhibited in vitro biological activities in another lipophilic AA derivative, 2-O-octadecyl ascorbic acid, was non-carcinogenic and did not potentiate the UVC-induced transformation frequency when applied for 3 days after UVC irradiation. These results demonstrate that 3-CetylAA is a promising candidate as a lipophilic derivative of AA for cosmetic purposes.
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