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Zayakin IA, Petunin PV, Postnikov PS, Dmitriev AA, Gritsan NP, Dorovatovskii P, Korlyukov A, Fedin MV, Bogomyakov AS, Akyeva AY, Novikov RA, Shangin PG, Syroeshkin MA, Burykina JV, Tretyakov EV. Toward New Horizons in Verdazyl-Nitroxide High-Spin Systems: Thermally Robust Tetraradical with Quintet Ground State. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13666-13675. [PMID: 38709144 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
High-spin organic tetraradicals with significant intramolecular exchange interactions have high potential for advanced technological applications and fundamental research, but examples reported to date exhibit limited stability and processability. In this work, we designed the first tetraradical based on an oxoverdazyl core and nitronyl nitroxide radicals and successfully synthesized it using a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of an oxoverdazyl radical bearing three iodo-phenylene moieties with a gold(I) nitronyl nitroxide-2-ide complex in the presence of a recently developed efficient catalytic system. The molecular and crystal structures of the tetraradical were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The tetraradical possesses good thermal stability with decomposition onset at ∼125 °C in an inert atmosphere; in a toluene solution upon prolonged heating at 90 °C in air, no decomposition was observed. The resulting unique verdazyl-nitroxide conjugate was thoroughly studied using a range of experimental and theoretical techniques, such as SQUID magnetometry of polycrystalline powders, EPR spectroscopy in various matrices, cyclic voltammetry, and high-level quantum chemical calculations. All collected data confirm the high thermal stability of the resulting tetraradical and quintet multiplicity of its ground state, which makes the synthesis of this important paramagnet a new milestone in the field of creating high-spin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Zayakin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Petunin
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | | | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Nina P Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | | | - Alexander Korlyukov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, 28 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Matvey V Fedin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Artem S Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Ya Akyeva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Roman A Novikov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel G Shangin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A Syroeshkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Julia V Burykina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny V Tretyakov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Tretyakov EV, Zayakin IA, Dmitriev AA, Fedin MV, Romanenko GV, Bogomyakov AS, Akyeva AY, Syroeshkin MA, Yoshioka N, Gritsan NP. A Nitronyl Nitroxide-Substituted Benzotriazinyl Tetraradical. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303456. [PMID: 37988241 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
High-spin organic tetraradicals with significant intramolecular exchange interactions have high potential for advanced technological applications and fundamental research, but those synthesized to date possess limited stability and processability. In this work, we have designed a tetraradical based on the Blatter's radical and nitronyl nitroxide radical moieties and successfully synthesized it by using the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of a triiodo-derivative of the 1,2,4-benzotriazinyl radical with gold(I) nitronyl nitroxide-2-ide complex in the presence of a newly developed efficient catalytic system. The molecular and crystal structure of the tetraradical was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The tetraradical possesses good thermal stability with decomposition onset at ∼150 °C under an inert atmosphere and exhibits reversible redox waves at -0.54 and 0.45 V versus Ag/AgCl. The magnetic properties of the tetraradical were characterized by SQUID magnetometry of polycrystalline powders and EPR spectroscopy in various matrices. The collected data, analyzed by using high-level quantum chemical calculations, confirmed that the tetraradical has a triplet ground state and a nearby excited quintet state. The unique high stability of the prepared triazinyl-nitronylnitroxide tetraradical is a new milestone in the field of creating high-spin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V Tretyakov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Zayakin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Matvey V Fedin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Galina V Romanenko
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Artem S Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Ya Akyeva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A Syroeshkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Naoki Yoshioka
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522 Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nina P Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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Zayakin I, Tretyakov E, Akyeva A, Syroeshkin M, Burykina J, Dmitrenok A, Korlyukov A, Nasyrova D, Bagryanskaya I, Stass D, Ananikov V. Overclocking Nitronyl Nitroxide Gold Derivatives in Cross-Coupling Reactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203118. [PMID: 36259387 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitronyl nitroxides are functional building blocks in cutting-edge research fields, such as the design of molecular magnets, the development of redox and photoswitchable molecular systems and the creation of redox-active components for organic and hybrid batteries. The key importance of the nitronyl nitroxide function is to translate molecular-level-optimized structures into nano-scale devices and new technologies. In spite of great importance, efficient and versatile synthetic approaches to these compounds still represent a challenge. Particularly, methods for the direct introduction of a nitronyl nitroxide moiety into aromatic systems possess many limitations. Here, we report gold derivatives of nitronyl nitroxide that can enter Pd(0)-catalysed cross-coupling reactions with various aryl bromides, affording the corresponding functionalized nitronyl nitroxides. Based on the high thermal stability and enhanced reactivity in catalytic transformation, a new reagent is suggested for the synthesis of radical systems via a universal cross-coupling approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Zayakin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny Tretyakov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Akyeva
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Syroeshkin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia Burykina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Dmitrenok
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Korlyukov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Darina Nasyrova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, 9 Akad. Lavrentyev Prosp., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitri Stass
- V. V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentine Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Nitronyl-nitroxide PCP-pincer complexes of palladium and nickel: synthesis and an EPR study. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Zayakin IA, Korlyukov AA, Gorbunov DE, Gritsan NP, Akyeva AY, Syroeshkin MA, Stass DV, Tretyakov EV, Egorov MP. Au–Au Chemical Bonding in Nitronyl Nitroxide Gold(I) Derivatives. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Zayakin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Korlyukov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry E. Gorbunov
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
- A.V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Nina P. Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Ya. Akyeva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Syroeshkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri V. Stass
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny V. Tretyakov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail P. Egorov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Tretyakov EV, Ovcharenko VI, Terent'ev AO, Krylov IB, Magdesieva TV, Mazhukin DG, Gritsan NP. Conjugated nitroxide radicals. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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