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Eknapakul T, Jiamprasertboon A, Amonpattaratkit P, Pimsawat A, Daengsakul S, Tanapongpisit N, Saenrang W, Bootchanont A, Wannapraphai P, Phetrattanarangsi T, Boonchuduang T, Khamkongkaeo A, Yimnirun R. Unraveling the structural complexity of and the effect of calcination temperature on calcium phosphates derived from Oreochromis niloticus bones. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29665. [PMID: 38644889 PMCID: PMC11031838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the interplay between the structural complexity, microstructure, and mechanical properties of calcium phosphates (CaPs) derived from fish bones, prepared at various calcination temperatures, and their corresponding sintered ceramics was explored. Fourier-transform infrared analysis revealed that the calcined powders primarily consisted of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and carbonated calcium hydroxyapatite, with an increasing concentration of Mg-substituted β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as the calcination temperature was increased. X-ray diffraction patterns showed enhanced sharpness of the peaks at higher temperatures, indicating a larger crystallite size and improved crystallinity. The ceramics exhibited a significantly larger crystallite size and an increased concentration of the β-TCP phase. Rietveld analysis revealed a larger volume of the β-TCP phase in the ceramics than in their calcined powders; this could be attributed to a newly formed β-TCP phase due to the decomposition of HAp. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis revealed the incorporation of Mg in the Ca2 site of HAp, Ca2 site of β-TCP, and Ca5 site of β-TCP, with a higher substitution of Mg in the Ca5 site of β-TCP at elevated temperatures. The mechanical properties of HAp ceramics can be improved by increasing the calcination temperature because of their improved relative density and dense porous structure at elevated temperatures. This comprehensive investigation sheds light on the phase evolution, microstructural changes, and consequential impact on the mechanical properties of CaPs derived from fish bones, thereby facilitating the development of tailored CaP ceramics for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanachat Eknapakul
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Center of Excellence, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Arreerat Jiamprasertboon
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Center of Excellence, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Penphitcha Amonpattaratkit
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
- Biodyne Co., Ltd, Seoul, 04793, Republic of Korea
| | - Adulphan Pimsawat
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sujittra Daengsakul
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nantawat Tanapongpisit
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Wittawat Saenrang
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Atipong Bootchanont
- Smart Materials Research Unit, Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, 12110, Thailand
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, 12110, Thailand
| | - Pattarapong Wannapraphai
- Biomechanics Research Center, Meticuly Co. Ltd., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Phetrattanarangsi
- Biomechanics Research Center, Meticuly Co. Ltd., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanachai Boonchuduang
- Biomechanics Research Center, Meticuly Co. Ltd., Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Atchara Khamkongkaeo
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rattikorn Yimnirun
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology VISTEC, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
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Raiseliene R, Linkaite G, Zarkov A, Kareiva A, Grigoraviciute I. Large-Scale Green Synthesis of Magnesium Whitlockite from Environmentally Benign Precursor. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:788. [PMID: 38399039 PMCID: PMC10890023 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium whitlockite (Mg-WH) powders were synthesized with remarkable efficiency via the dissolution-precipitation method by employing an environmentally benign precursor, gypsum. Under optimized conditions, each 5.00 g of initial gypsum yielded an impressive amount of 3.00 g (89% yield) of Mg-WH in a single batch. Remarkably, no XRD peaks attributable to impurity phases were observed, indicating the single-phase nature of the sample. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of the PO43- and HPO42- groups in the obtained Mg-WH phase. The SEM-EDX results confirmed that Mg-WH crystals with homogeneous Ca, Mg, P, and O distributions were obtained. In previously published research papers, the synthesis of Mg-WH has been consistently described as a highly intricate process due to material formation within a narrow pH and temperature range. Our proposed synthesis method is particularly compelling as it eliminates the need for meticulous monitoring, presenting a notable improvement in the quest for a more convenient and efficient Mg-WH synthesis. The proposed procedure not only emphasizes the effectiveness of the process, but also highlights its potential to meet significant demands, providing a reliable solution for large-scale production needs in various promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Raiseliene
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Greta Linkaite
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksej Zarkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aivaras Kareiva
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Inga Grigoraviciute
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Griesiute D, Kizalaite A, Dubnika A, Klimavicius V, Kalendra V, Tyrpekl V, Cho SH, Goto T, Sekino T, Zarkov A. A copper-containing analog of the biomineral whitlockite: dissolution-precipitation synthesis, structural and biological properties. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1722-1734. [PMID: 38167907 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, copper whitlockite (Cu-WH, Ca18Cu2(HPO4)2(PO4)12) was successfully synthesized and comprehensively characterized, founding the base knowledge for its future studies in medicine, particularly for bone regeneration. This material is a copper-containing analog of the well-known biomineral magnesium whitlockite (Mg-WH, Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12). The synthesis of powders was performed by a dissolution-precipitation method in an aqueous medium under hydrothermal conditions. Phase conversion from brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) to Cu-WH took place in an acidic medium in the presence of Cu2+ ions. Optimization of the synthesis conditions in terms of medium pH, temperature, time, Ca/Cu molar ratio and concentration of starting materials was performed. The crystal structure of the synthesized products was confirmed by XRD, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, 1H and 31P solid-state NMR, and EPR. Morphological features and elemental distribution of the synthesized powders were studied by means of SEM/EDX analysis. The ion release in SBF solution was estimated using ICP-OES. Cytotoxicity experiments were performed with MC3T3-E1 cells. The study on thermal stability revealed that the synthesized material is thermally unstable and gradually decomposes upon annealing to Cu-substituted β-Ca3(PO4)2 and Ca2P2O7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Griesiute
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Agne Kizalaite
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Arita Dubnika
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia
| | - Vytautas Klimavicius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vidmantas Kalendra
- Institute of Applied Electrodynamics and Telecommunications, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaclav Tyrpekl
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sung Hun Cho
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Goto
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tohru Sekino
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Aleksej Zarkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Bauer L, Antunović M, Ivanković H, Ivanković M. Biomimetic Scaffolds Based on Mn 2+-, Mg 2+-, and Sr 2+-Substituted Calcium Phosphates Derived from Natural Sources and Polycaprolactone. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:30. [PMID: 38248604 PMCID: PMC10813741 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of bone disorders is steadily increasing worldwide. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional treatments of bone defects, developing bone scaffolds capable of promoting bone regeneration. In this research, biomimetic scaffolds based on ion-substituted calcium phosphates, derived from cuttlefish bone, were prepared using a hydrothermal method. To synthesize Mn2+-substituted scaffolds, three different manganese concentrations (corresponding to 1, 2.5, and 5 mol% Mn substitutions for Ca into hydroxyapatite) were used. Also, syntheses with the simultaneous addition of an equimolar amount (1 mol%) of two (Mg2+ and Sr2+) or three ions (Mn2+, Mg2+, and Sr2+) were performed. A chemical, structural, and morphological characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the ion substitutions on the lattice parameters, crystallite sizes, and fractions of the detected phases were discussed. Multi-substituted (Mn2+, Mg2+, and Sr2+) scaffolds were coated with polycaprolactone (PCL) using simple vacuum impregnation. The differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), cultured on the PCL-coated scaffold, was evaluated using histology, immunohistochemistry, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. The expression of collagen I, alkaline phosphatase, and dentin matrix protein 1 was detected. The influence of PCL coating on hMSCs behavior is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Bauer
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Antunović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marica Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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Ha TH, Mahasti NN, Lu MC, Huang YH. Application of low-solubility dolomite as seed material for phosphorus recovery from synthetic wastewater using fluidized-bed crystallization (FBC) technology. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Phosphate Record in Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments from Denisova Cave: Formation Mechanisms and Archaeological Implications. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of authigenic phosphates in the sedimentary sequence of prehistoric Denisova Cave (Altai, South Siberia) has important archeological implications. The sampled Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene sedimentary sequence in the East Chamber of the cave consists of argilo-sandy-phosphatic sediments intercalated with guano layers of insectivorous bats. The sediments bear partially degraded N-rich organic matter (OM); chitin fragments enriched in S, P, Zn, and Cu; and a set of phosphates. The guano layers record at least three prolonged episodes of cave occupation by colonies of insectivorous bats between 10 kyr and 5 kyr BP, after people had left the cave or visited it rarely in small groups. The formation of phosphates follows the OM biodegradation pathways, with acidic leaching and gradual neutralization of P-rich solutions. The depth profile of authigenic phosphates shows a suite of mineral assemblages that mark a trend from acidic to slightly alkaline pH conditions of guano degradation (from top to bottom): ardealite, taranakite, and leucophosphite corresponding to acidic environments; whitlockite, brushite, and hydroxylapatite, which are stable under slightly acidic and neutral conditions; and hydroxylapatite in coexistence with calcite and stable at the bottom of the leaching profile under alkaline conditions. Authigenic phosphates can be used as reliable indicators of human non-occupation (abandonment) periods of Denisova Cave. Acidic leaching is responsible for disturbance and/or elimination of archaeological and paleontological materials in Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene sediments that were exposed to at least three “acidic waves”.
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Kizalaite A, Klimavicius V, Versockiene J, Lastauskiene E, Murauskas T, Skaudzius R, Yokoi T, Kawashita M, Goto T, Sekino T, Zarkov A. Peculiarities of the formation, structural and morphological properties of zinc whitlockite (Ca 18Zn 2(HPO 4) 2(PO 4) 12) synthesized via a phase transformation process under hydrothermal conditions. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00497f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the formation of zinc whitlockite via a dissolution–precipitation process was investigated in detail. The influence of medium pH, reaction time, temperature and concentration of precursors on the formation of the material was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Kizalaite
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Klimavicius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Justina Versockiene
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egle Lastauskiene
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Murauskas
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Skaudzius
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Taishi Yokoi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kawashita
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Goto
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tohru Sekino
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Aleksej Zarkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Caldarone A, Piccotti F, Morasso C, Truffi M, Sottotetti F, Guerra C, Albasini S, Agozzino M, Villani L, Corsi F. Raman analysis of microcalcifications in male breast cancer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120185. [PMID: 34298281 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcalcifications (MCs) are important disease markers for breast cancer. Many studies were conducted on their characterization in female breast cancer (FBC), but no information is available on their composition in male breast cancer (MBC). Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a molecular spectroscopy that can rapidly explore the biochemical composition of MCs without requiring any staining protocol. In this study, we optimized an algorithm to identify the mineral components present in MCs from Raman images. The algorithm was then used to study and compare MCs identified on breast cancer pieces from male and female patients. In total, we analyzed 41 MCs from 5 invasive MBC patients and 149 MCs from 13 invasive FBC patients. Results show that hydroxyapatite is the most abundant type of calcium both in MBC and FBC. However, some differences in the amount and distribution of calcium minerals are present between the two groups. Besides, we observed that MCs in MBC have a higher amount of organic material (collagen) than FBC. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first overview of the composition of MCs present in MBC patients; and suggests that these patients have specific features that differentiate them from the previously studied FBC. Our result support thus the need for studies designed explicitly to the understanding of MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Piccotti
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Morasso
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Truffi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Sottotetti
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Guerra
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Albasini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Agozzino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Villani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy.
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Rahimi Mosafer HS, Paszkowicz W, Minikayev R, Kozłowski M, Diduszko R, Berkowski M. The crystal structure and thermal expansion of novel substitutionally disordered Ca 10TM 0.5(VO 4) 7 (TM = Co, Cu) orthovanadates. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14762-14773. [PMID: 34590656 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The whitlockite-related materials have attracted researchers' attention because of their potential application in various fields, especially in optoelectronics. In the present work, the structure of novel whitlockite-related oxides Ca10TM0.5(VO4)7 (TM = Co, Cu) is studied at room and high temperatures, using X-ray powder diffraction. These compounds form by fractional substitution of divalent transition metal atoms into the Ca3(VO4)2 lattice. Rietveld refinements provided the structural details. The lattice parameters are a = 10.78074(6) Å, c = 37.8196(2) Å, and V = 3806.67(4) Å3 for Ca10Co0.5(VO4)7 and a = 10.78710(7) Å, c = 37.8997(3) Å, and V = 3819.23(4) Å3 for Ca10Cu0.5(VO4)7. Structure refinement results show that among the five available sites (M1-M5), the M2+ ions select the M5 site. This finding is confirmed by analysis of interatomic distances: due to the difference in size between TM and Ca ions sharing the M5 site, the M5-O distance shortens by about 5.0% for Ca10Co0.5(VO4)7 and 2.7% for Ca10Cu0.5(VO4)7 with respect to the unsubstituted parent compound, Ca3(VO4)2. The observed trends in the crystallographic properties of the studied crystals are in line with those of previously reported structurally related phosphates, Ca10.5-xMx(PO4)7 (M = Mg or divalent transition metal). Moreover, the observed tendency for occupation of M5 by small divalent ions follows the earlier theoretical results. For cobalt and copper substituted orthovanadate and orthophosphate whitlockite related materials, a linear variation in the unit cell size is demonstrated. The common equation for evaluation of volume is applicable to the substitution of the two transition metals in orthovanadate and orthophosphate whitlockite related materials. Thermal expansion is investigated for both compounds. The variations of the lattice parameters and the thermal expansion coefficient with temperature are determined in the 300-810 K range. The lattice parameter, a, expands by 0.80% for Ca10Co0.5(VO4)7 and 0.74% for Ca10Cu0.5(VO4)7 in this range. The lattice parameter, c, enlarges by about 0.70% for both samples. In the studied temperature range, the volume thermal expansion coefficient of Ca10Co0.5(VO4)7 increases from 37.2 to 44.8 MK-1 and for Ca10Cu0.5(VO4)7, it increases from 35.1 to 45.2 MK-1; the observed expansion anisotropy is smaller than those of other related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roman Minikayev
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Ryszard Diduszko
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marek Berkowski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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