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Supian ABM, Asyraf MRM, Syamsir A, Najeeb MI, Alhayek A, Al-Dala’ien RN, Manar G, Atiqah A. Thermochromic Polymer Nanocomposites for the Heat Detection System: Recent Progress on Properties, Applications, and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1545. [PMID: 38891491 PMCID: PMC11174980 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Reversible thermochromic polymers have emerged as compelling candidates in recent years, captivating attention for their application in heat detection systems. This comprehensive review navigates through the multifaceted landscape, intricately exploring both the virtues and hurdles inherent in their integration within these systems. Their innate capacity to change colour in response to temperature fluctuations renders reversible thermochromic nanocomposites promising assets for heat detection technologies. However, despite their inherent potential, certain barriers hinder their widespread adoption. Factors such as a restricted colour spectrum, reliance on external triggers, and cost considerations have restrained their pervasive use. For instance, these polymer-based materials exhibit utility in the domain of building insulation, where their colour-changing ability serves as a beacon, flagging areas of heat loss or inadequate insulation, thus alerting building managers and homeowners to potential energy inefficiencies. Nevertheless, the limited range of discernible colours may impede precise temperature differentiation. Additionally, dependency on external stimuli, such as electricity or UV light, can complicate implementation and inflate costs. Realising the full potential of these polymer-based materials in heat detection systems necessitates addressing these challenges head-on. Continuous research endeavours aimed at augmenting colour diversity and diminishing reliance on external stimuli offer promising avenues to enhance their efficacy. Hence, this review aims to delve into the intricate nuances surrounding reversible thermochromic nanocomposites, highlighting their transformative potential in heat detection and sensing. By exploring their mechanisms, properties, and current applications, this manuscript endeavours to shed light on their significance, providing insights crucial for further research and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. B. M. Supian
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Defence Research and Technology (CODRAT), Universiti Pertahanan National Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - M. R. M. Asyraf
- Engineering Design Research Group (EDRG), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Agusril Syamsir
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Civil Engineering Department, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.)
| | - M. I. Najeeb
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdulrahman Alhayek
- Civil Engineering Department, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.)
| | - Rayeh Nasr Al-Dala’ien
- Civil Engineering Department, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.)
| | - Gunasilan Manar
- Centre for Defence Research and Technology (CODRAT), Universiti Pertahanan National Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - A. Atiqah
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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He J, Yun L, Cheng X. Organic-soluble chitosan-g-PHMA (PEMA/PBMA)-bodipy fluorescent probes and film by RAFT method for selective detection of Hg2+/Hg+ ions. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124255. [PMID: 36996960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan as the plentiful and easily available natural polymer, its solubility in organic solvents is still a challenge. In this article, three different chitosan-based fluorescent co-polymers were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. They could not only dissolve in several organic solvents, but also could selectively recognize Hg2+/Hg+ ions. Firstly, allyl boron-dipyrrolemethene (bodipy) was prepared, and used as one of the monomers in the subsequent RAFT polymerization. Secondly, chitosan-based chain transfer agent (CS-RAFT) was synthesized through classical reactions for dithioester preparation. Finally, three methacrylic ester monomers and bodipy bearing monomers were polymerized and grafted as branched-chains onto chitosan respectively. By RAFT polymerization, three chitosan-based macromolecular fluorescent probes were prepared. These probes could be readily dissolved in DMF, THF, DCM, and acetone. All of them exhibited the 'turn-on' fluorescence with selective and sensitive detection for Hg2+/Hg+. Among them, chitosan-g-polyhexyl methacrylate-bodipy (CS-g-PHMA-BDP) had the best performance, its fluorescence intensity could be increased to 2.7 folds. In addition, CS-g-PHMA-BDP could be processed into films and coatings. When loading on the filter paper, fluorescent test paper was prepared and it could realize the portable detection of Hg2+/Hg+ ions. These organic-soluble chitosan-based fluorescent probes could enlarge the applications of chitosan.
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Yu R, Cao Y, Chen K, Li Y, Liu W, Li B, Li H, Yang Y. Light Intensity-Selective Photopolymerization and Photoisomerization for Creating Colorful Polymer-Stabilized Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Patterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38228-38234. [PMID: 35960859 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) films have been widely studied for their application as sensors, polarizers, and reflective windows. However, the preparation of programmable and colorful patterns based on the structural color is still challenging. Herein, the photochromic CLC mixtures were prepared by adding a photoisomerizable chiral additive (CA) and a photoinitiator in the nematic liquid crystal LC242. Under UV irradiation with weak intensity, photoisomerization of the CA was carried out and photopolymerization was suppressed by oxygen inhibition. With extending the irradiation time, the helical pitch of the CLC film increased and the selective Bragg reflection band tended to redshift. Under strong UV irradiation, oxygen inhibition was overcome and photopolymerization dominates the reaction. Therefore, the colorful-patterned PSCLC films were able to be prepared using masks. The results shown here not only give us a better understanding of the effect of oxygen inhibition but also lay the foundations for practical applications such as decoration and optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runwei Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu Cao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kai Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Baozong Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hongkun Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Gardymova AP, Krakhalev MN, Zyryanov VY, Gruzdenko AA, Alekseev AA, Rudyak VY. Polymer Dispersed Cholesteric Liquid Crystals With a Toroidal Director Configuration under an Electric Field. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:732. [PMID: 33673505 PMCID: PMC7956821 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films are highly dependent on the features of the contained liquid crystal (LC) droplets. Cholesteric LC droplets with homeotropic boundaries can form several topologically different orientational structures, including ones with single and more point defects, layer-like, and axisymmetric twisted toroidal structures. These structures are very sensitive to an applied electric field. In this work, we have demonstrated experimentally and by computer simulations that twisted toroidal droplets reveal strong structural response to the electric field. In turn, this leads to vivid changes in the optical texture in crossed polarizers. The response of droplets of different sizes were found to be equivalent in terms of dimensionless parameters. In addition, the explanation of this phenomenon showed a comparison of theoretical and experimental structural response curves aids to determine the shape of the droplet. Finally, we demonstrated that the addition of a dichroic dye allows such films to be used as optical filters with adjustable color even without polarizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P. Gardymova
- Institute of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (A.P.G.); (M.N.K.)
| | - Mikhail N. Krakhalev
- Institute of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (A.P.G.); (M.N.K.)
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Victor Ya. Zyryanov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Alexandra A. Gruzdenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.G.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Alekseev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.G.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Vladimir Yu. Rudyak
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.G.); (A.A.A.)
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Zhang Z, Zhang R, Xu L, Li J, Yang L, Yang Y, Bolshakov A, Zhu J. Visible and infrared optical modulation of PSLC smart films doped with ATO nanoparticles. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10033-10040. [PMID: 34231593 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01575c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, smart windows have been gradually applied and developed in the fields of environmental protection, energy management, smart camouflage and display. With the continuous upgrading of market demand, smart windows with both visible and infrared band modulation functions are the future development trends. However, the optical modulation of smart windows is usually limited in the visible light band (380-780 nm). In this paper, we report a novel smart window by doping antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles (NPs) into polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) films. These films have the widest waveband modulation function among those reported so far, covering the visible and infrared regions (380-5500 nm). The transmittance of the as-prepared smart films can be changed reversibly from highly transparent (78.5%) state to a strong light scattering (10%) state in the visible region. In addition, due to the localized surface plasmon resonance of ATO NPs, up to 80.7% of the infrared invisible light can be effectively shielded. The significance of this research is to provide theoretical and technical support for the broadband optical modulation of novel smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Ruicong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Liangge Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Jiajun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Center of Analysis Measurement, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Andrey Bolshakov
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin 150080, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
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Saeed MH, Zhang S, Cao Y, Zhou L, Hu J, Muhammad I, Xiao J, Zhang L, Yang H. Recent Advances in The Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Composite and Its Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E5510. [PMID: 33255525 PMCID: PMC7727789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) have kindled a spark of interest because of their unique characteristic of electrically controlled switching. However, some issues including high operating voltage, low contrast ratio and poor mechanical properties are hindering their practical applications. To overcome these drawbacks, some measures were taken such as molecular structure optimization of the monomers and liquid crystals, modification of PDLC and doping of nanoparticles and dyes. This review aims at detailing the recent advances in the process, preparations and applications of PDLCs over the past six years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Hassan Saeed
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.H.S.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Shuaifeng Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Yaping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.H.S.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Le Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.H.S.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Junmei Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Imran Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.H.S.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Jiumei Xiao
- Department of Applied Mechanics, University of Sciences and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.H.S.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (I.M.)
| | - Huai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (M.H.S.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (I.M.)
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Zhang S, Li C, Wang Q, Zhou L, Saeed MH, Wang X, Zhang L, Yang Z, Yang H. Fluorescence enhancement and encapsulation of quantum dots via a novel crosslinked vinyl-ether liquid crystals/polymer composite film. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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