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Ding MQ, Yang SS, Ding J, Zhang ZR, Zhao YL, Dai W, Sun HJ, Zhao L, Xing D, Ren N, Wu WM. Gut Microbiome Associating with Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism during Biodegradation of Polyethene in Tenebrio larvae with Crop Residues as Co-Diets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3031-3041. [PMID: 36790312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tenebrio molitor and Tenebrio obscurus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae are two commercial insects that eat plant and crop residues as diets and also biodegrade synthetic plastics polyethylene (PE). We examined biodegradation of low-density PE (LDPE) foam (Mn = 28.9 kDa and Mw = 342.0 kDa) with and without respective co-diets, i.e., wheat brain (WB) or corn flour (CF), corn straw (CS), and rice straw (RS) at 4:1 (w/w), and their gut microbiome and genetic metabolic functional groups at 27.0 ± 0.5 °C after 28 days of incubation. The presence of co-diets enhanced LDPE consumption in both larvae and broad-depolymerized the ingested LDPE. The diet type shaped gut microbial diversity, potential pathways, and metabolic functions. The sequence of effectiveness of co-diets was WB or CF > CS > RS for larval development and LDPE degradation. Co-occurrence networks indicated that the larvae co-fed with LDPE displayed more complex correlations of gut microbiome than the larvae fed with single diets. The primary diet of WB or CF and crop residues CS and RS provided energy and nitrogen source to significantly enhance LDPE biodegradation with synergistic activities of the gut microbiota. For the larvae fed LDPE and LDPE plus co-diets, nitrogen fixation function was stimulated compared to normal diets and associated with LDPE biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Han-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei-Min Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemistry, William & Cloy Codiga Resource Recovery Center, Center for Sustainable Development & Global Competitiveness, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Yang Q, Wang Y, Lücking R, Lumbsch HT, Du Z, Chen Y, Bai M, Ren D, Wei J, Li H, Wang Y, Wei X. The Jurassic epiphytic macrolichen Daohugouthallus reveals the oldest lichen-plant interaction in a Mesozoic forest ecosystem. iScience 2022; 26:105770. [PMID: 36590161 PMCID: PMC9800524 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichens are well known as pioneer organisms or stress-tolerant extremophiles, potentially playing a core role in the early formation of terrestrial ecosystems. Epiphytic macrolichens are known to contribute to the water- and nutrient cycles in forest ecosystem. But due to the scarcity of fossil record, the evolutionary history of epiphytic macrolichens is poorly documented. Based on new fossil of Jurassic Daohugouthallus ciliiferus, we demonstrate the hitherto oldest known macrolichen inhabited a gymnosperm branch. We applied energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and geometric morphometric analysis to complementarily verify lichen affinity of D. ciliiferus and quantitatively assess the potential relationships with extant lichenized lineages, providing new approaches for study of this lichen adpression fossil. Considering the results, and the inferred age of D. ciliiferus, a new family, Daohugouthallaceae, is established. This work updates current knowledge to the early evolution of epiphytic macrolichens and reveals more complex lichen-plant interactions in a Jurassic forest ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Robert Lücking
- Botanischer Garten, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Zhenyong Du
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunkang Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China,College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dong Ren
- College of Life Sciences and Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiangchun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China,Corresponding author
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China,Corresponding author
| | - Xinli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Corresponding author
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Tsafack N, Fang W, Wang X, Xie Y, Wang X, Fattorini S. Influence of grazing and solar panel installation on tenebrionid beetles (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae) of a central Asian steppe. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115791. [PMID: 35932742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grazing may represent a major threat to biodiversity in arid grasslands. The increasing use of grasslands for solar parks may represent a new important threat. No study has investigated the effects of solar parks on soil insects. Tenebrionids are a major component of the arthropod fauna of grasslands of central Asia. These ecosystems are threatened by grazing and increasing land use for solar parks. Aim of this work was to investigate the effects of grazing and solar panels on tenebrionids in arid grasslands (desert steppe) in China by comparing their community structure in ungrazed, heavily grazed, and solar park sites. Beetles were sampled by pitfall traps, and sites were compared for abundance and diversity (Hill numbers). All sites were characterized by simple, strongly dominated tenebrionid communities. Species proportions varied among sites. Grazing negatively influenced overall abundance, but did not alter species proportions; by contrast, solar panels had no effect on the average abundance, but reduced the proportion of the most abundant species. Compared with the other two sites, the solar park was characterized by a higher plant biomass and lower temperatures. A major availability of resources and less harsh conditions in the solar park might have a role in reducing the dominance of the most abundant species, allowing other species to attain higher abundances. This led to a more balanced community structure, with higher values of diversity. Although neither grazing nor solar panel installation modified radically tenebrionid species-abundance distribution or diversity, grazing and solar panel installation had different effects in species abundances and their impact might amplify the effect of other disturbance factors such as the ongoing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelline Tsafack
- cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João dÁvila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helanshan West Road, 750021, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helanshan West Road, 750021, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xingyu Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helanshan West Road, 750021, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yingzhong Xie
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helanshan West Road, 750021, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xinpu Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helanshan West Road, 750021, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Simone Fattorini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
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