1
|
Khan MSI, Paul T, Al Banna MH, Hamiduzzaman M, Tengan C, Kissi-Abrokwah B, Tetteh JK, Hossain F, Islam MS, Brazendale K. Skipping breakfast and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, night eating syndrome, and sleep quality among university students in Bangladesh. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:46. [PMID: 38439041 PMCID: PMC10913273 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skipping breakfast has become more common, and it can significantly affect a person's health, performance, mood, and other physiological and psychological factors. In Bangladesh, university students often encounter unhealthy dietary habits, which raises questions about why many university students choose to skip breakfast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of skipping breakfast among university students in Bangladesh and explore the contributing factors. METHODS Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh was the location of this cross-sectional study. Breakfast consumption was measured with the single-question item, "How often do you eat breakfast?" (Almost every day, sometimes, rarely, or never). Skipping breakfast was classified as respondents selecting sometimes, rarely, or never having breakfast. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and sleep-related data were collected as key predictor variables. Multiple logistic regression models identified factors associated with skipping breakfast. RESULTS The prevalence of skipping breakfast among study participants (N = 502, 51.6% female and mean age 21.31 years) was 63.5%. Female students were more likely to skip breakfast compared to male students (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.06-2.55). Smoker participants had a higher likelihood of skipping breakfast compared to non-smokers (AOR = 3.92, 95% CI: 1.57-9.78). Students with night eating syndrome had a higher likelihood of skipping breakfast compared to their counterparts (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.06-3.22). Students with poor sleep quality were three times more likely to skip breakfast than their counterparts (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.93-4.51). Overweight/obese students were less likely to skip breakfast compared to their counterparts (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.20-0.82). CONCLUSION This study highlights a high prevalence of skipping breakfast among university students in Bangladesh. Specifically, students who are females, smokers, poor sleepers and who have night eating syndrome are more likely to skip breakfast compared to their counterparts. These findings underscore a need for targeted interventions and educational programs to promote healthy breakfast habits. Addressing these modifiable risk factors can have a positive impact on students' nutritional practices and their health and wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Trisha Paul
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.
- Nutrition Initiative, Kushtia, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Cornelius Tengan
- Department of Hospitality, Catering and Institutional Management, Bolgatanga Technical University, Sumbrugu, Ghana
| | | | - Justice Kanor Tetteh
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Faria Hossain
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shajadul Islam
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiao T, Gao D, Lu G, Yi W, Lv Z. Association of gastrointestinal symptoms and skipping breakfast with anxiety and depressive symptoms in quarantined Chinese college students during the Shanghai 2022 lockdown: a cross sectional survey. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:889. [PMID: 38017419 PMCID: PMC10685502 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among quarantined college students at school in Shanghai 2022 lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic and investigate the association of gastrointestinal discomfort related-factors and skipping breakfast with anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHODS 384 quarantined college students in Shanghai China were recruited in this cross-sectional study from April 5th to May 29th, 2022. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 56.8% and 62.8%, respectively. Longer quarantine duration, higher education level, skipping breakfast, stomachache or abdominal pain, and nausea or dyspepsia were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. Moreover, longer quarantine duration, being woman, skipping breakfast, stomachache or abdominal pain, and nausea or dyspepsia were markedly related to depressive symptoms. Notably, regularly physical exercising and taking positive attitude towards COVID-19 were negatively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS More attention should be paid to anxiety and depressive symptoms of quarantined college students and universities should provide timely psychological monitoring and intervention services to mitigate the impact of negative emotions on students. Effectively relieving gastrointestinal symptoms, insisting on eat breakfast, regularly exercising, and taking a positive attitude towards to COVID-19 might contribute to preventing the anxiety and depressive symptoms for those college students experiencing a long-term quarantine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Dingwei Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Gaixia Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wanwan Yi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ono M, Ando H, Daikoku T, Fujiwara T, Mieda M, Mizumoto Y, Iizuka T, Kagami K, Hosono T, Nomura S, Toyoda N, Sekizuka-Kagami N, Maida Y, Kuji N, Nishi H, Fujiwara H. The Circadian Clock, Nutritional Signals and Reproduction: A Close Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021545. [PMID: 36675058 PMCID: PMC9865912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm, which is necessary for reproduction, is controlled by clock genes. In the mouse uterus, the oscillation of the circadian clock gene has been observed. The transcription of the core clock gene period (Per) and cryptochrome (Cry) is activated by the heterodimer of the transcription factor circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock) and brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1). By binding to E-box sequences in the promoters of Per1/2 and Cry1/2 genes, the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer promotes the transcription of these genes. Per1/2 and Cry1/2 form a complex with the Clock/Bmal1 heterodimer and inactivate its transcriptional activities. Endometrial BMAL1 expression levels are lower in human recurrent-miscarriage sufferers. Additionally, it was shown that the presence of BMAL1-depleted decidual cells prevents trophoblast invasion, highlighting the importance of the endometrial clock throughout pregnancy. It is widely known that hormone synthesis is disturbed and sterility develops in Bmal1-deficient mice. Recently, we discovered that animals with uterus-specific Bmal1 loss also had poor placental development, and these mice also had intrauterine fetal death. Furthermore, it was shown that time-restricted feeding controlled the uterine clock's circadian rhythm. The uterine clock system may be a possibility for pregnancy complications, according to these results. We summarize the most recent research on the close connection between the circadian clock and reproduction in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3342-6111
| | - Hitoshi Ando
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoko Fujiwara
- Department of Social Work and Life Design, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Kyoto 606-0848, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mieda
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yasunari Mizumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takashi Iizuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Kagami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takashi Hosono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Natsumi Toyoda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Naomi Sekizuka-Kagami
- Department of Nursing, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Maida
- Department of Nursing, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Naoaki Kuji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A Cross-Sectional Study of Mental Health, Lifestyle, and Anxiety in Japanese Nursing Students by Year of College. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101870. [DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For students in nursing colleges to develop necessary competencies as health care professionals and prevent post-graduation “reality shock” deterioration in the quality of care they provide, appropriate measures are needed in response to changes that occur as college years progress. In this study, mental health status, lifestyle, and various types of anxiety were investigated in 448 nursing college students during a four-year program in Japan. Students from each year of the program were surveyed with the K10 scale to measure mental health, and the Student Life Questionnaire to assess dietary habits, sleep duration, and exercise. Mean K10 scores for first-year students was 13.1, with 30% having anxiety about college life. Similarly, for second-year students the K10 score was 13.7, and compared to first-year students, rates of meal skipping and sleeping less increased. For third-year students, the K10 score (15.9) was higher than for other groups, as were their percentages of all items. Fourth-year students had a mean K10 score of 14.6, with a higher rate of meal skipping and feeling anxious about the future than other groups. These results suggest the need for support tailored to the characteristics of each year in the bachelor’s program in nursing.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ono M, Toyoda N, Kagami K, Hosono T, Matsumoto T, Horike SI, Yamazaki R, Nakamura M, Mizumoto Y, Fujiwara T, Ando H, Fujiwara H, Daikoku T. Uterine Deletion of Bmal1 Impairs Placental Vascularization and Induces Intrauterine Fetal Death in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147637. [PMID: 35886985 PMCID: PMC9319876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, it was demonstrated that the expression of BMAL1 was decreased in the endometrium of women suffering from recurrent spontaneous abortion. To investigate the pathological roles of uterine clock genes during pregnancy, we produced conditional deletion of uterine Bmal1 (cKO) mice and found that cKO mice could receive embryo implantation but not sustain pregnancy. Gene ontology analysis of microarray suggested that uterine NK (uNK) cell function was suppressed in cKO mice. Histological examination revealed the poor formation of maternal vascular spaces in the placenta. In contrast to WT mice, uNK cells in the spongiotrophoblast layer, where maternal uNK cells are directly in contact with fetal trophoblast, hardly expressed an immunosuppressive NK marker, CD161, in cKO mice. By progesterone supplementation, pregnancy could be sustained until the end of pregnancy in some cKO mice. Although this treatment did not improve the structural abnormalities of the placenta, it recruited CD161-positive NK cells into the spongiotrophoblast layer in cKO mice. These findings indicate that the uterine clock system may be critical for pregnancy maintenance after embryo implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Natsumi Toyoda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
- Division of Animal Disease Model, Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Kagami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Takashi Hosono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Takeo Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Shin-ichi Horike
- Division of Integrated Omics Research, Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Rena Yamazaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Public Central Hospital of Matto Ishikawa, Hakusan 924-8588, Japan
| | - Yasunari Mizumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tomoko Fujiwara
- Department of Human Life Environments, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Kyoto 606-0847, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Ando
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (M.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (R.Y.); (M.N.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (T.D.); Tel.: +81-76-265-2425 (H.F.); +81-76-265-2460 (T.D.); Fax: +81-76-234-4266 (H.F.); +81-76-234-4245 (T.D.)
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Division of Animal Disease Model, Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (T.D.); Tel.: +81-76-265-2425 (H.F.); +81-76-265-2460 (T.D.); Fax: +81-76-234-4266 (H.F.); +81-76-234-4245 (T.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Skipping Breakfast and Incidence of Frequent Alcohol Drinking in University Students in Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132657. [PMID: 35807842 PMCID: PMC9267987 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency of alcohol drinking is a potential predictor of binge drinking of alcohol, a serious social problem for university students. Although previous studies have identified skipping breakfast as a predictor of various health-compromising behaviors and cardiometabolic diseases, few studies have assessed the association between skipping breakfast and the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking. This retrospective cohort study included 17,380 male and 8799 female university students aged 18–22 years admitted to Osaka universities between 2004 and 2015. The association between breakfast frequency (eating every day, skipping occasionally, and skipping often/usually) and the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking, defined as drinking ≥4 days/week, was assessed using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. During the median observational period of 3.0 years, 878 (5.1%) men and 190 (2.2%) women engaged in frequent alcohol drinking. Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval] of eating every day, skipping occasionally, and skipping often/usually: 1.00 [reference], 1.02 [0.84–1.25], and 1.48 [1.17–1.88] in men; 1.00 [reference], 1.60 [1.03–2.49], and 3.14 [1.88–5.24] in women, respectively). University students who skipped breakfast were at a higher risk of frequent alcohol drinking than those who ate breakfast every day.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hosono T, Ono M, Daikoku T, Mieda M, Nomura S, Kagami K, Iizuka T, Nakata R, Fujiwara T, Fujiwara H, Ando H. Time-Restricted Feeding Regulates Circadian Rhythm of Murine Uterine Clock. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab064. [PMID: 33981944 PMCID: PMC8099714 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skipping breakfast is associated with dysmenorrhea in young women. This suggests that the delay of food intake in the active phase impairs uterine functions by interfering with circadian rhythms. OBJECTIVES To examine the relation between the delay of feeding and uterine circadian rhythms, we investigated the effects of the first meal occasion in the active phase on the uterine clock. METHODS Zeitgeber time (ZT) was defined as ZT0 (08:45) with lights on and ZT12 (20:45) with lights off. Young female mice (8 wk of age) were divided into 3 groups: group I (ad libitum consumption), group II (time-restricted feeding during ZT12-16, initial 4 h of the active period), and group III (time-restricted feeding during ZT20-24, last 4 h of the active period, a breakfast-skipping model). After 2 wk of dietary restriction, mice in each group were killed at 4-h intervals and the expression profiles of uterine clock genes, Bmal1 (brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1), Per1 (period circadian clock 1), Per2, and Cry1 (cryptochrome 1), were examined. RESULTS qPCR and western blot analyses demonstrated synchronized circadian clock gene expression within the uterus. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that BMAL1 protein expression was synchronized among the endometrium and myometrium. In groups I and II, mRNA expression of Bmal1 was elevated after ZT12 at the start of the active phase. In contrast, Bmal1 expression was elevated just after ZT20 in group III, showing that the uterine clock rhythm had shifted 8 h backward. The changes in BMAL1 protein expression were confirmed by western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to indicate that time-restricted feeding regulates a circadian rhythm of the uterine clock that is synchronized throughout the uterine body. These findings suggest that the uterine clock system is a new candidate to explain the etiology of breakfast skipping-induced uterine dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hosono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mieda
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Kagami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Iizuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Rieko Nakata
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoko Fujiwara
- Department of Social Work and Life Design, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ando
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|