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Huang R, Lu X, Sun X, Wu H. A novel immune cell signature for predicting glioblastoma after radiotherapy prognosis and guiding therapy. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2024; 38:3946320241249395. [PMID: 38687369 PMCID: PMC11062235 DOI: 10.1177/03946320241249395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma, a highly aggressive brain tumor, poses a significant clinical challenge, particularly in the context of radiotherapy. In this study, we aimed to explore infiltrating immune cells and identify immune-related genes associated with glioblastoma radiotherapy prognosis. Subsequently, we constructed a signature based on these genes to discern differences in molecular and tumor microenvironment immune characteristics, ultimately informing potential therapeutic strategies for patients with varying risk profiles. Methods: We leveraged UCSC Xena and CGGA gene expression profiles from post-radiotherapy glioblastoma as verification cohorts. Infiltration ratios were stratified into high and low groups based on the median value. Differential gene expression was determined through Limma differential analysis. A signature comprising four genes was constructed, guided by Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment results and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. We evaluated differences in cell infiltration levels, Immune Score, Stromal Score, and ESTIMATE Score and their Pearson correlations with the signature. Spearman's correlation was computed between the signature and patient drug sensitivity (IC50), predicted using Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) and CCLE databases. Results: Notably, the infiltration of central memory CD8+T cells exhibited a significant correlation with glioblastoma radiotherapy prognosis. Samples were dichotomized into high- and low-risk groups based on the optimal signature threshold (2.466642). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis revealed that the high-risk group experienced a significantly poorer prognosis (p = .0068), with AUC values exceeding 0.82 at 1, 3, and 5 years, underscoring the robust predictive potential of the signature scoring system. Independent validation sets substantiated the validity of the signature. Statistically significant differences in tumor microenvironments (p < .05) were observed between high- and low-risk groups, and these differences were significantly correlated with the signature (p < .05). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between high and low-risk groups regarding immune checkpoint expressions, Immune Prognostic Score (IPS), and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) scores. Conclusion: The immune cell signature, comprising SDC-1, PLAUR, FN1, and CXCL13, holds promise as a predictive tool for assessing glioblastoma prognosis following radiotherapy. This signature also offers valuable guidance for tailoring treatment strategies, emphasizing its potential clinical relevance in improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueming Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Muendlein A, Severgnini L, Decker T, Heinzle C, Leiherer A, Geiger K, Drexel H, Winder T, Reimann P, Mayer F, Nonnenbroich C, Dechow T. Circulating syndecan-1 and glypican-4 predict 12-month survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1045995. [PMID: 36353562 PMCID: PMC9638102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1045995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface syndecans and glypicans play important roles in the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Their soluble forms from proteoglycan shedding can be detected in blood and have been proposed as new prognostic biomarkers in several cancer entities. However, studies on circulating syndecan-1 (SDC1) and glypican-4 (GPC4) in CRC are limited. We, therefore, evaluated the impact of plasma SDC1 and GPC4 on the prognosis of metastatic (m)CRC patients. The present study included 93 patients with mCRC. The endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at 12 months. SDC1 and GPC4 levels were measured in plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Plasma levels of SDC1 and GPC4 were significantly correlated. Significant correlations of these two markers were also found with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Kaplan-Meier curve analyses indicated that PFS and OS probabilities significantly decreased with increasing levels of SDC1 and GPC4, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that both markers were significantly associated with PFS and OS independently from clinicopathological characteristics including CEA. Respective adjusted hazard ratios (HR) together with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for one standard deviation change of SDC1 were 1.32 [1.02-1.84] for PFS and 1.48 [1.01-2.15] for OS. Adjusted HRs [95% confidence intervals] of GPC4 were 1.42 [1.07-1.89] for PFS and 2.40 [1.51-3.81] for OS. Results from area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses suggest that GPC4 and SDC1 add additional prognostic values to CEA for OS. In conclusion, we showed significant associations of circulating SDC1 and GPC4 with poor survival of mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Muendlein
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dornbirn, Austria
- *Correspondence: Axel Muendlein,
| | - Luciano Severgnini
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | | | - Christine Heinzle
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dornbirn, Austria
- Medical Central Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Andreas Leiherer
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dornbirn, Austria
- Medical Central Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Kathrin Geiger
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dornbirn, Austria
- Medical Central Laboratories, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Heinz Drexel
- Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dornbirn, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Thomas Winder
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Patrick Reimann
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
- Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Frank Mayer
- Praxis und Tagesklinik Prof. Dr. Oettle Helmut Prof. Mayer Frank, Friedrichshafen, Germany
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Kines RC, Schiller JT. Harnessing Human Papillomavirus’ Natural Tropism to Target Tumors. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081656. [PMID: 36016277 PMCID: PMC9413966 DOI: 10.3390/v14081656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are small non-enveloped DNA tumor viruses established as the primary etiological agent for the development of cervical cancer. Decades of research have elucidated HPV’s primary attachment factor to be heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Importantly, wounding and exposure of the epithelial basement membrane was found to be pivotal for efficient attachment and infection of HPV in vivo. Sulfation patterns on HSPG’s become modified at the site of wounds as they serve an important role promoting tissue healing, cell proliferation and neovascularization and it is these modifications recognized by HPV. Analogous HSPG modification patterns can be found on tumor cells as they too require the aforementioned processes to grow and metastasize. Although targeting tumor associated HSPG is not a novel concept, the use of HPV to target and treat tumors has only been realized in recent years. The work herein describes how decades of basic HPV research has culminated in the rational design of an HPV-based virus-like infrared light activated dye conjugate for the treatment of choroidal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John T. Schiller
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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Viktorsson K, Hååg P, Shah CH, Franzén B, Arapi V, Holmsten K, Sandström P, Lewensohn R, Ullén A. Profiling of extracellular vesicles of metastatic urothelial cancer patients to discover protein signatures related to treatment outcome. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3620-3641. [PMID: 35838333 PMCID: PMC9580890 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients is poor, and early prediction of systemic therapy response would be valuable to improve outcome. In this exploratory study, we investigated protein profiles in sequential plasma‐isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) from a subset of mUC patients treated within a Phase I trial with vinflunine combined with sorafenib. The isolated EVs were of exosome size and expressed exosome markers CD9, TSG101 and SYND‐1. We found, no association between EVs/ml plasma at baseline and progression‐free survival (PFS). Protein profiling of EVs, using an antibody‐based 92‐plex Proximity Extension Assay on the Oncology II® platform, revealed a heterogeneous protein expression pattern. Qlucore bioinformatic analyses put forward a protein signature comprising of SYND‐1, TNFSF13, FGF‐BP1, TFPI‐2, GZMH, ABL1 and ERBB3 to be putatively associated with PFS. Similarly, a protein signature from EVs that related to best treatment response was found, which included FR‐alpha, TLR 3, TRAIL and FASLG. Several of the markers in the PFS or best treatment response signatures were also identified by a machine learning classification algorithm. In conclusion, protein profiling of EVs isolated from plasma of mUC patients shows a potential to identify protein signatures that may associate with PFS and/or treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Viktorsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Petra Hååg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Shah
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Pelvic cancer, Genitourinary oncology and urology unit, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bo Franzén
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Vasiliki Arapi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Karin Holmsten
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Capio Sankt Görans Hospital, SE-112 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rolf Lewensohn
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden.,Theme Cancer, Medical Unit head and neck, lung, and skin tumors, Thoracic Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anders Ullén
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Pelvic cancer, Genitourinary oncology and urology unit, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 64, Solna, Sweden
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He M, Hu C, Deng J, Ji H, Tian W. Identification of a novel glycolysis-related signature to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:294. [PMID: 34600547 PMCID: PMC8487479 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) has a high incidence and mortality rate in females. Its conventional clinical characteristics are far from accurate for the prediction of individual outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel signature to predict the survival of patients with BC. Methods We analyzed the data of a training cohort from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and a validation cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After the applications of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Cox regression analyses, a glycolysis-related signature for predicting the survival of patients with BC was developed; the signature contained AK3, CACNA1H, IL13RA1, NUP43, PGK1, and SDC1. Furthermore, on the basis of expression levels of the six-gene signature, we constructed a risk score formula to classify the patients into high- and low-risk groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Kaplan-Meier curve were used to assess the predicted capacity of the model. Later, a nomogram was developed to predict the outcomes of patients with risk score and clinical features over a period of 1, 3, and 5 years. We further used Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database to validate the expressions of the six biomarkers in tumor and sample tissues, which were taken as control. Results We constructed a six-gene signature to predict the outcomes of patients with BC. The patients in the high-risk group showed poor prognosis than those in the low-risk group. The area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.719 and 0.702, showing that the prediction performance of the signature is acceptable. Additionally, Cox regression analysis revealed that these biomarkers could independently predict the prognosis of BC patients with BC without being affected by clinical factors. The expression levels of all six biomarkers in BC tissues were higher than that in normal tissues; however, AK3 was an exception. Conclusion We developed a six-gene signature to predict the prognosis of patients with BC. Our signature has been proved to have the ability to make an accurate prediction and might be useful in expanding the hypothesis in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiqian Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Nelson BE, Hong A, Jana B. Elucidation of Novel Molecular Targets for Therapeutic Strategies in Urothelial Carcinoma: A Literature Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:705294. [PMID: 34422659 PMCID: PMC8374860 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.705294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma therapy is a rapidly evolving and expanding field. Traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens have not produced optimal long-term outcomes, and many urothelial cancer patients have comorbidities that disqualify them as chemotherapy candidates. In recent years, a plethora of novel therapeutic agents that target diverse molecular pathways has emerged as alternative treatment modalities for not only metastatic urothelial carcinoma, but also for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in adjuvant and definitive settings. This review paper aims to discuss the various categories of therapeutic agents for these different types of urothelial cancer, discussing immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates, kinase inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy, peptide vaccination, and other drugs targeting pathways such as angiogenesis, DNA synthesis, mTOR/PI3K/AKT, and EGFR/HER-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessie Elizabeth Nelson
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Angelina Hong
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Bagi Jana
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Szarvas T, Hoffmann MJ, Olah C, Szekely E, Kiss A, Hess J, Tschirdewahn S, Hadaschik B, Grotheer V, Nyirady P, Csizmarik A, Varadi M, Reis H. MMP-7 Serum and Tissue Levels Are Associated with Poor Survival in Platinum-Treated Bladder Cancer Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:diagnostics11010048. [PMID: 33396213 PMCID: PMC7824149 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is a main cause of therapeutic failure and death in bladder cancer. With the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors, prediction of platinum treatment became of great clinical importance. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) was shown to be involved in cisplatin resistance. Therefore, tissue and circulating MMP-7 levels were evaluated in 124 bladder cancer patients who received postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy. Tissue MMP-7 levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 72 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded chemo-naïve tumor samples, while MMP-7 serum concentrations were determined in 132 serum samples of an independent cohort of 52 patients. MMP-7 tissue and serum levels were correlated with clinicopathological and follow-up data. MMP-7 gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR in 20 urothelial cancer cell lines and two non-malignant urothelial cell lines. MMP-7 was overexpressed in RT-112 and T-24 cells by stable transfection, to assess its functional involvement in platinum sensitivity. High MMP-7 tissue expression and pretreatment serum concentrations were independently associated with poor overall survival (tissue HR = 2.296, 95%CI = 1.235–4.268 and p = 0.009; serum HR = 2.743, 95%CI = 1.258–5.984 and p = 0.011). Therefore, MMP-7 tissue and serum analysis may help to optimize therapeutic decisions. Stable overexpression in RT-112 and T-24 cells did not affect platinum sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-7238-4967
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Csilla Olah
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Eszter Szekely
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Andras Kiss
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Stephan Tschirdewahn
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Vera Grotheer
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Peter Nyirady
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Anita Csizmarik
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Melinda Varadi
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Henning Reis
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
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