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Hsu K. Erythroid anion transport, nitric oxide, and blood pressure. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1363987. [PMID: 38660536 PMCID: PMC11039876 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1363987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycophorin A and glycophorin B are structural membrane glycoproteins bound in the band 3 multiprotein complexes on human red blood cells (RBCs). Band 3 is an erythroid-specific anion exchanger (AE1). AE1-mediated HCO3 - transport provides the substrate for the enzyme-catalyzed conversion HCO3 - (aq) ⇌ CO2(g), which takes place inside the RBCs. Bicarbonate transport via AE1 supports intravascular acid-base homeostasis and respiratory excretion of CO2. In the past decade, we conducted several comparative physiology studies on Taiwanese people having the glycophorin variant GPMur RBC type (which accompanies greater AE1 expression). We found that increased anion transport across the erythrocyte membrane not only enhances gas exchange and lung functions but also elevates blood pressure (BP) and reduces nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation and exhaled NO fraction (FeNO) in healthy individuals with GP.Mur. Notably, in people carrying the GPMur blood type, the BP and NO-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) are both more strongly correlated with individual hemoglobin (Hb) levels. As blood NO and nitrite (NO2 -) are predominantly scavenged by intraerythrocytic Hb, and NO2 - primarily enters RBCs via AE1, could a more monoanion-permeable RBC membrane (i.e., GPMur/increased AE1) enhance NO2 -/NO3 - permeability and Hb scavenging of NO2 - and NO to affect blood pressure? In this perspective, a working model is proposed for the potential role of AE1 in intravascular NO availability, blood pressure, and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hsu
- The Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Hsu K, Tseng WC. What Decides Your Athletic Career?-Reflection from Our Study of GP.Mur-Associated Sports Talents during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12691. [PMID: 36231989 PMCID: PMC9566733 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This opinion article discusses the factors that attract children and teens to athletic careers. The most important attribute for the making of athletes is polished sports talent, followed by psychological, environmental, and incentive factors. Our laboratory studies a red blood cell (RBC) type called GP.Mur, which is rare in most parts of the world besides Southeast Asia. Intriguingly, the prevalence of the GP.Mur blood type is relatively high among Taiwanese elite athletes. The highest frequency of the GP.Mur blood type worldwide is found among Taiwan's Ami people (88-95% from hospital blood bank surveys in the 1980s). Though the Ami constitute only 0.6-0.8% of the Taiwanese population, from records of national track-and-field games in the past century, 10-60% of the medalists were Ami. Biologically, GP.Mur expression supports blood CO2 metabolism, which may have implications for athleticism. As many of our study subjects are elite college athletes with the GP.Mur blood type, we contemplated their upbringings and career dilemmas, especially during the difficult COVID-19 pandemic. Beyond individual sports talent, the pandemic particularly tests personal characteristics and socioeconomic support for becoming an athlete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hsu
- The Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui, New Taipei City 251020, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Exercise & Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei 100234, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Tseng
- Department of Physical Education, University of Taipei, Taipei 111036, Taiwan
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Different Involvement of Band 3 in Red Cell Deformability and Osmotic Fragility-A Comparative GP.Mur Erythrocyte Study. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123369. [PMID: 34943876 PMCID: PMC8699424 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
GP.Mur is a clinically important red blood cell (RBC) phenotype in Southeast Asia. The molecular entity of GP.Mur is glycophorin B-A-B hybrid protein that promotes band 3 expression and band 3–AQP1 interaction, and alters the organization of band 3 complexes with Rh/RhAG complexes. GP.Mur+ RBCs are more resistant to osmotic stress. To explore whether GP.Mur+ RBCs could be structurally more resilient, we compared deformability and osmotic fragility of fresh RBCs from 145 adults without major illness (47% GP.Mur). We also evaluated potential impacts of cellular and lipid factors on RBC deformability and osmotic resistivity. Contrary to our anticipation, these two physical properties were independent from each other based on multivariate regression analyses. GP.Mur+ RBCs were less deformable than non-GP.Mur RBCs. We also unexpectedly found 25% microcytosis in GP.Mur+ female subjects (10/40). Both microcytosis and membrane cholesterol reduced deformability, but the latter was only observed in non-GP.Mur and not GP.Mur+ normocytes. The osmotic fragility of erythrocytes was not affected by microcytosis; instead, larger mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased the chances of hypotonic burst. From comparison with GP.Mur+ RBCs, higher band 3 expression strengthened the structure of RBC membrane and submembranous cytoskeletal networks and thereby reduced cell deformability; stronger band 3–AQP1 interaction additionally supported osmotic resistance. Thus, red cell deformability and osmotic resistivity involve distinct structural–functional roles of band 3.
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Hsiao HH, Yeh CJ, Ting SC, Chuang TM, Ke YL, Yeh TJ, Gau YC, Du JS, Hsiao CE, Wang HC, Cho SF, Hsu CM, Liu YC. Is it reasonable for the use of Rh-ee blood? A hospital-based survey from a southern medical center in Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 38:65-69. [PMID: 34647681 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of alloantibodies and achieving a reduction in the rate of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization are important issues to prevent transfusion complications. The aim of this study was to identify the antigen and alloantibodies in our patients and to study the association of alloimmunization with previous transfusion. Transfusion records from the blood bank of Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital between 2015 and 2017 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Antigen and antibody identification was performed using routine blood bank methods. In total, 56,422 transfusion records from 2015 to 2017 were included in the study. Among them, 1858 alloantibody episodes were found in the pre-transfusion survey, and anti-Mia, anti-E, and cold antibodies were the most common alloantibodies, with a prevalence of 3.29% (1858/56,422). Among them, 130 episodes involved newly found alloantibodies with no alloantibodies found in the previous transfusion survey. Tracing back to these newly transfusion-induced alloantibodies, the antibody was found with a mean of 10.8 ± 7.8 units of packed RBC transfusion, a mean of 66.3 ± 52.8 days, and with a mean of 4.3 ± 2.7 times of transfusion from the first transfusion therapy. An antibody survey revealed that Rh-ee (62.1%) was the most common phenotype in these newly identified antibodies. In summary, this hospital-based study revealed that RBC alloantibody rates were present at rates of 3.29%, with anti-Mia, anti-E, and cold antibodies being the most common alloantibodies. Among them, anti-E was the most commonly developed alloantibody. Given that the Rh-ee group is the most common phenotype in our population, the strategy of using Rh-ee blood for Rh-ee recipients is reasonable for transfusion safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hua Hsiao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cancer center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jung Yeh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Chun Ting
- Blood bank, Department of laboratory medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzer-Ming Chuang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lun Ke
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jang Yeh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Gau
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shiun Du
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-En Hsiao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Wang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Feng Cho
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Blood bank, Department of laboratory medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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